1, sys模块:常用函数
import sys,time a=sys.version print(a) #3.6.0 (default, Feb 12 2018, 19:43:47) #[GCC 4.8.4] print(type(a),len(a)) #<class 'str'> 51 #打印“#”: 共10个,间隔一秒出现一个 for i in range(10): sys.stdout.write("#") sys.stdout.flush() time.sleep(1) print("请输入10个字符:") ms=sys.stdin.read(10) print(ms) #退出python sys.exit("yes---") #yes---
2,os模块: 常用函数
import os print(os.getcwd())#/home/daitoue/eclipse_workspace/python1/内置模块 print(os.chdir("/")) print(os.getcwd())#/home/daitoue li=os.listdir("/home/daitoue") print(type(li), li) #<class 'list'> ['pppy.java', 'examples.desktop','图片', '音乐',下载] #创建、删除、重命名 目录,文件 os.mkdir("python_os1") os.makedirs("/home/daitoue/py_os2/test/a/b") os.removedirs("py_os2/test/a/b") os.renames("p_file2.txt", "a.txt") os.remove("a.py") #使用系统命令: os.system("touch pppy.java") print(os.name)#posix -->linux系统 #拆分: 文件路径=目录+文件名 print(os.path.split("/home/daitoue/aa/bb/a.txt"))#('/home/daitoue/aa/bb', 'a.txt') print(os.path.dirname("/home/daitoue/aa/bb/a.txt"), os.path.basename("/home/daitoue/aa/bb/a.txt"))#/home/daitoue/aa/bb a.txt print(type(os.path.basename("/home/daitoue/aa/bb/a.txt")))#<class 'str'> print(os.path.getatime("/home/daitoue/aa/bb/a.txt"))#1518943364.5923748
3, time, datetime 时间日期模块:常用函数
import time import datetime print(time.time()) #1518960222.8357334 print(type(time.ctime()),time.ctime()) # <class 'str'> Sun Feb 18 21:23:42 2018 print(type(time.localtime()),time.localtime()) #<class 'time.struct_time'> #time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=2, tm_mday=18, tm_hour=21, # tm_min=23, tm_sec=42, tm_wday=6, tm_yday=49, tm_isdst=0) gm=time.gmtime() print(type(gm), gm) #同上 print(gm.tm_year,gm.tm_mon,gm.tm_mday, gm.tm_hour)#2018 2 18 13 print(time.asctime(time.localtime())) #Fri Feb 16 17:05:59 2018 print(time.asctime((2022,2,16,17,4,3,3,5,6))) #Thu Feb 16 17:04:03 2022 print(time.strptime("2016/05/22","%Y/%m/%d")) #time.struct_time(tm_year=2016, tm_mon=5, tm_mday=22, tm_hour=0, print(time.strptime("2016.05.22","%Y.%m.%d"))#同上 print(time.mktime(time.strptime("2016.05.22","%Y.%m.%d")))#1463846400.0 print(time.mktime(time.localtime())) #1518960403.0 print(time.time()) #1518960403.7676084 print(time.gmtime(234235))#time.struct_time(tm_year=1970, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=3, print(time.strftime("%Y",((2022,2,16,17,4,3,3,5,6))))#2022 #datetime常用函数 print(datetime.date(2022,2,16))#2022-02-16 print(type(datetime.datetime.now()),datetime.datetime.now()) #<class 'datetime.datetime'> 2018-02-18 21:26:43.767970 print("replace(2h,3min)",datetime.datetime.now().replace(minute=3,hour=2)) # replace(2h,3min) 2018-02-18 02:03:43.768161 print(datetime.date.fromtimestamp(234235))#1970-01-04 print(datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(minutes=3)) #2018-02-18 21:29:43.768354