概论
- 中心计算:
- 并行计算:访问峰值
- 分布式计算:备份,延迟
- 云计算:虚拟资源
Key issues:
- Scalability
- Efficiency
- Dependability
- Programming Models
- Power Consume
- Performance
- Speed for one big application(延迟)
- Throughput for many tiny applications(吞吐率)
Amdahl’s Law
lim n → ∞ S n = 1 1 − p \lim\limits_{n\rightarrow\infty} S_{n}=\frac{1}{1-p} n→∞limSn=1−p1,即加速比是有上限的,取决于串行的部分
Instruction Level Parallelism
RISC与CISC的最重要区别:RISC只有Load/Store操作内存