MySQL数据库-增删改查

增

INSERT [INTO] table_name
 [(column [, column] ...)] 
 VALUES (value_list) [, (value_list)] ...


INSERT INTO student VALUES (101, 10001, '孙悟空', '11111');

删

DELETE FROM  table_name [WHERE ...] [ORDER BY ...] [LIMIT ...]

-- 删除孙悟空同学的考试成绩
DELETE FROM exam_result WHERE name = '孙悟空';
-- 删除整张表数据
-- 准备测试表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS for_delete;
CREATE TABLE for_delete (
 id INT,
 name VARCHAR(20)
);
-- 插入测试数据
INSERT INTO for_delete (name) VALUES ('A'), ('B'), ('C');
-- 删除整表数据
DELETE FROM for_delete

改

UPDATE table_name SET column = expr [, column = expr ...]
 [WHERE ...] [ORDER BY ...] [LIMIT ...]


-- 将孙悟空同学的数学成绩变更为 80 分
UPDATE exam_result SET math = 80 WHERE name = '孙悟空';
-- 将曹孟德同学的数学成绩变更为 60 分，语文成绩变更为 70 分
UPDATE exam_result SET math = 60, chinese = 70 WHERE name = '曹孟德';
-- 将总成绩倒数前三的 3 位同学的数学成绩加上 30 分
UPDATE exam_result SET math = math + 30 ORDER BY chinese + math + english LIMIT
3;
-- 将所有同学的语文成绩更新为原来的 2 倍
UPDATE exam_result SET chinese = chinese * 2;

查

-- 全列查询
select * from 表
-- 指定列查询
select 字段1,字段2... from 表
-- 查询表达式字段
select 字段1+100,字段2+字段3 from 表
-- 别名
select 字段1 别名1, 字段2 别名2 from 表
-- 去重DISTINCT
select distinct 字段 from 表
-- 排序ORDER BY
select * from 表 order by 排序字段
-- 条件查询WHERE：
-- (1)比较运算符 (2)BETWEEN ... AND ... (3)IN (4)IS NULL 
-- (5)LIKE (6)AND (7)OR (8)NOT
select * from 表 where 条件

-- 查询英语不及格的同学及英语成绩 ( < 60 )
SELECT name, english FROM exam_result WHERE english < 60;
-- 查询语文成绩好于英语成绩的同学
SELECT name, chinese, english FROM exam_result WHERE chinese > english;
-- 查询总分在 200 分以下的同学
SELECT name, chinese + math + english 总分 FROM exam_result 
 WHERE chinese + math + english < 200;