Kotlin 注解

1. kotlin 定义注解

注解属性在使用时指定,其后不会再变,只能声明为只读属性


annotation class Annotation1(val name: String, val desc: String)

annotation class Annotation2(val field1: Int, val field2: String)


2. kotlin 元注解

  • @Retention : 修饰注解可以保留多长时间 SOURCE, BINARY, RUNTIME
  • @Target : 指定注解可以修饰的程序目标
  • @Repeatable : 可重复修饰的注解

// @Retention(value = AnnotationRetention.SOURCE) // 注解只保留在源代码中,注解会被编译器丢弃
// @Retention(value = AnnotationRetention.BINARY) // 注解将被记录在 class 文件中,JVM无法获取
@Retention(value = AnnotationRetention.RUNTIME) // 注解将被记录在 class 文件中,JVM可以获取,程序可以通过反射获取。默认值
annotation class Annotation3()

// 注解只能修饰类
@Target(AnnotationTarget.CLASS)
annotation class Annotation4()

// 注解只能修饰注解
@Target(AnnotationTarget.ANNOTATION_CLASS)
annotation class Annotation5()

// 注解只能修饰函数或方法,不含构造方法
@Target(AnnotationTarget.FUNCTION)
annotation class Annotation6()

// 注解只能修饰构造方法
@Target(AnnotationTarget.CONSTRUCTOR)
annotation class Annotation7()

// 注解只能修饰属性
@Target(AnnotationTarget.PROPERTY)
annotation class Annotation8()

// 注解只能修饰字段,包括属性的支持字段
@Target(AnnotationTarget.FIELD)
annotation class Annotation9()

// 注解只能修饰局部变量
@Target(AnnotationTarget.LOCAL_VARIABLE)
annotation class Annotation10()

// 注解只能修饰函数或构造函数的值参数
@Target(AnnotationTarget.VALUE_PARAMETER)
annotation class Annotation11()

// 注解只能修饰表达式
@Retention(AnnotationRetention.SOURCE)
@Target(AnnotationTarget.EXPRESSION)
annotation class Annotation12()

// 注解只能修饰类型别名
@Target(AnnotationTarget.TYPEALIAS)
annotation class Annotation13()

// 指定多个可修饰的程序目标
@Target(allowedTargets = [AnnotationTarget.CLASS, AnnotationTarget.FUNCTION])
annotation class Annotation14()

// 2.3 可重复修饰的注解
@Target(AnnotationTarget.FUNCTION)
@Retention(AnnotationRetention.SOURCE)
@Repeatable
annotation class RepeatAnnotation(val field1: Int, val field2: String)

class DemoAnnotation {
    
    
    @RepeatAnnotation(1, "2")
    @RepeatAnnotation(3, "4")
    fun method() {
    
    
    }
}


3. kotlin 使用注解


class TestAnnotation {
    
    

    @Annotation1(name = "method", desc = "this is a normal method")
    @Annotation2(field1 = 1001, field2 = "test annotation")
    fun method() {
    
    
        println("invoke method")
    }
}

fun main() {
    
    
    // 获取 TestAnnotation 的方法定义的注解信息
    val annotationList = TestAnnotation::method.annotations
    
    annotationList.forEach {
    
     annotation ->
    
        if (annotation is Annotation1) {
    
    
        
            println("name: ${
      
      annotation.name}, desc: ${
      
      annotation.desc}")
            
        } else if (annotation is Annotation2) {
    
    
        
            println("field1: ${
      
      annotation.field1}, field2: ${
      
      annotation.field2}")
            
        }
    }
}


附 Github 源码:

TestAnnotation.kt

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转载自blog.csdn.net/java_android_man/article/details/121865299