qsort库函数排序

这是我参与11月更文挑战的第26天，活动详情查看：2021最后一次更文挑战」

qsort库函数排序

quick sort快速排序原函数解释

image-20210818230558340

用qsort

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

struct Stu
{
	char name[20];
	int age;
};

int cmp_int(const void* e1, const void* e2)
{
	return *(int*)e1 - *(int*)e2;
}

int cmp_float(const void* e1, const void* e2)
{
	return (int)(*(float*)e1 - *(float*)e2);
}

//结构体排序有不同排序方法，每个人的标准不同，有人是名字，有人是姓名
int cmp_stu_age(const void* e1, const void* e2)
{
	return ((struct Stu*)e1)->age - ((struct Stu*)e2)->age;
}

int cmp_stu_name(const void* e1, const void* e2)
{
	//名字比较就是比较字符串
	//字符串比较不能直接用<>=来比较，应该用strcmp来比较

	return strcmp(((struct Stu*)e1)->name , ((struct Stu*)e2)->name);
}

void test_int()
{
	int arr[10] = { 0,5,6,3,5,9,6,5,3,9 };
	int sz = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
	qsort(arr, sz, sizeof(arr[0]), cmp_int);
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < sz; i++)
	{
		printf("%2d ", arr[i]);
	}
	printf("\n");
}
void test_float()
{
	float arr[10] = { 0.0,5.0,6.0,3.0,5.1,9.0,6.3,5.6,3.3,9.5 };
	int sz = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
	qsort(arr, sz, sizeof(arr[0]), cmp_float);
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < sz; i++)
	{
		printf("%f ", arr[i]);
	}
	printf("\n");
}
void test_stu_age()
{
	struct Stu s[3] = { {"zhuangsan",20},{"lisi",21},{"wangwu",10} };
	int sz = sizeof(s) / sizeof(s[0]);
	qsort(s, sz, sizeof(s[0]), cmp_stu_age);
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < sz; i++)
	{
		printf("%s  ", (&s[i])->name);
		printf("%d  ", (&s[i])->age);
	}
	printf("\n");
}
void test_stu_name()
{
	struct Stu s[3] = { {"zhuangsan",20},{"lisi",21},{"wangwu",10} };
	int sz = sizeof(s) / sizeof(s[0]);
	qsort(s, sz, sizeof(s[0]), cmp_stu_name);
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < sz; i++)
	{
		printf("%s  ", (&s[i])->name);
		printf("%d  ", (&s[i])->age);
	}
	printf("\n");
}
int main()
{
	test_int();
	test_float();
	test_stu_age();
	test_stu_name();
	return 0;
}
复制代码

image-20210818225357880

一般到了这里肯定想自己写个qsort，因此我们仿写一个为BubbleSort

image-20210831222802853

漂亮之处void万能类型和char*，字宽width的联合出击

image-20210831222830598

image-20210831223052692

用BubbleSort

#include<stdio.h>
struct Stu
{
	char name[20];
	int age;
};

//自己写一个万能交换函数
void Swap(char* buf1, char* buf2,int width)
{
	size_t i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < width; i++)
	{
		char tmp = *buf1;
		*buf1 = *buf2;
		*buf2 = tmp;
		buf1++;
		buf2++;
	}
}

//自己写一个冒泡函数,使用回调函数实现一个通用的冒泡排序函数
voidBubbleSort(void* base, int num, size_t width, int (*cmp)(const void* e1, const void* e2))
{
	int i = 0;
	//趟数
	for (i = 0; i < num - 1; i++)
	{
		//比较的对数
		int j = 0;
		for (j = 0; j < num - 1 - i; j++)
		{
			if (cmp((char*)base+j*width,(char*)base+(j+1)*width) > 0)
			{
				//交换
				Swap((char*)base + j * width, (char*)base + (j + 1) * width,width);
			}
		}
	}
}

int cmp_int(const void* e1, const void* e2)
{
	return *(int*)e1 - *(int*)e2;
}

int cmp_float(const void* e1, const void* e2)
{
	return (int)(*(float*)e1 - *(float*)e2);
}

int cmp_stu_age(const void* e1, const void* e2)
{
	return ((struct Stu*)e1)->age - ((struct Stu*)e2)->age;
}
int cmp_stu_name(const void* e1, const void* e2)
{
	//名字比较就是比较字符串
	//字符串比较不能直接用<>=来比较，应该用strcmp来比较

	return strcmp(((struct Stu*)e1)->name, ((struct Stu*)e2)->name);
}
void test_int()
{
	int arr[10] = { 0,5,6,3,5,9,6,5,3,9 };
	int sz = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
	BubbleSort(arr, sz, sizeof(arr[0]), cmp_int);
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < sz; i++)
	{
		printf("%2d ", arr[i]);
	}
	printf("\n");
}
void test_float()
{
	float arr[10] = { 0.0,5.0,6.0,3.0,5.1,9.0,6.3,5.6,3.3,9.5 };
	int sz = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
	BubbleSort(arr, sz, sizeof(arr[0]), cmp_float);
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < sz; i++)
	{
		printf("%f ", arr[i]);
	}
	printf("\n");
}
void test_stu_age()
{
	struct Stu s[3] = { {"zhuangsan",20},{"lisi",21},{"wangwu",10} };
	int sz = sizeof(s) / sizeof(s[0]);
	BubbleSort(s, sz, sizeof(s[0]), cmp_stu_age);
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < sz; i++)
	{
		printf("%s  ", (&s[i])->name);
		printf("%d  ", (&s[i])->age);
	}
	printf("\n");
}

void test_stu_name()
{
	struct Stu s[3] = { {"zhuangsan",20},{"lisi",21},{"wangwu",10} };
	int sz = sizeof(s) / sizeof(s[0]);
	BubbleSort(s, sz, sizeof(s[0]), cmp_stu_name);
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < sz; i++)
	{
		printf("%s  ", (&s[i])->name);
		printf("%d  ", (&s[i])->age);
	}
	printf("\n");
}
int main()
{
	test_int();
	test_float();
	test_stu_age();
	test_stu_name();
	return 0;
}
复制代码

image-20210831223655636