分布式事务解决框架 Seata + SpringCloud + Nacos

其他 2021-11-22 19:04:09 阅读次数: 0

分布式事务解决框架 Seata + SpringCloud + Nacos

一、搭建 Seata + Nacos

  1. 从官网下载 Seata 的源码包和执行文件，由于文件都是在Github托管，可以从下面地址下载：https://download.csdn.net/download/LarrYFinal/16515872

  2. 修改配置文件 registry.conf、file.conf、conf.txt

    1. 修改registry.conf，使用的是Nacos作配置中心和注册中心

      registry {
  # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
  type = "nacos"
  loadBalance = "RandomLoadBalance"
  loadBalanceVirtualNodes = 10
  nacos {
    application = "seata-server"
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    namespace = "public"
    cluster = "default"
    username = "nacos"
    password = "nacos"
  }
}
​
config {
  # file、nacos 、apollo、zk、consul、etcd3
  type = "nacos"
  nacos {
    serverAddr = "127.0.0.1:8848"
    namespace = "public"
    group = "SEATA_GROUP"
    username = "nacos"
    password = "nacos"
  }
}

    1. 修改 file.conf

      ## transaction log store, only used in seata-server
store {
  ## store mode: file、db、redis
  mode = "db"
  ## database store property
  db {
    ## the implement of javax.sql.DataSource, such as DruidDataSource(druid)/BasicDataSource(dbcp)/HikariDataSource(hikari) etc.
    datasource = "druid"
    ## mysql/oracle/postgresql/h2/oceanbase etc.
    dbType = "mysql"
    driverClassName = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"
    url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata?characterEncoding=UTF8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"
    user = "root"
    password = "123456"
    minConn = 5
    maxConn = 100
    globalTable = "global_table"
    branchTable = "branch_table"
    lockTable = "lock_table"
    queryLimit = 100
    maxWait = 5000
  }
}

    2. 修改config.txt (位于源码包中\seata-1.4.1-source\script\config-center\config.txt)

      service.vgroupMapping.my_test_tx_group=default
service.default.grouplist=127.0.0.1:8091
service.enableDegrade=false
service.disableGlobalTransaction=false
store.mode=db
store.db.datasource=druid 
store.db.dbType=mysql 
store.db.driverClassName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
store.db.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata?characterEncoding=UTF8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
store.db.user=root 
store.db.password=123456 
store.db.minConn=5 
store.db.maxConn=30 
store.db.globalTable=global_table 
store.db.branchTable=branch_table 
store.db.queryLimit=100 
store.db.lockTable=lock_table 
store.db.maxWait=5000

  3. 初始化数据库脚本（源码包中路径）

    1. 在路径\seata-1.4.1-source\script\server\db\mysql.sql,执行下面的脚本，记住是seata模式下

      -- -------------------------------- The script used when storeMode is 'db' --------------------------------
-- the table to store GlobalSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `global_table`
(
    `xid`                       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `transaction_id`            BIGINT,
    `status`                    TINYINT      NOT NULL,
    `application_id`            VARCHAR(32),
    `transaction_service_group` VARCHAR(32),
    `transaction_name`          VARCHAR(128),
    `timeout`                   INT,
    `begin_time`                BIGINT,
    `application_data`          VARCHAR(2000),
    `gmt_create`                DATETIME,
    `gmt_modified`              DATETIME,
    PRIMARY KEY (`xid`),
    KEY `idx_gmt_modified_status` (`gmt_modified`, `status`),
    KEY `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;
​
-- the table to store BranchSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `branch_table`
(
    `branch_id`         BIGINT       NOT NULL,
    `xid`               VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `transaction_id`    BIGINT,
    `resource_group_id` VARCHAR(32),
    `resource_id`       VARCHAR(256),
    `branch_type`       VARCHAR(8),
    `status`            TINYINT,
    `client_id`         VARCHAR(64),
    `application_data`  VARCHAR(2000),
    `gmt_create`        DATETIME(6),
    `gmt_modified`      DATETIME(6),
    PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`),
    KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;
​
-- the table to store lock data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `lock_table`
(
    `row_key`        VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `xid`            VARCHAR(96),
    `transaction_id` BIGINT,
    `branch_id`      BIGINT       NOT NULL,
    `resource_id`    VARCHAR(256),
    `table_name`     VARCHAR(32),
    `pk`             VARCHAR(36),
    `gmt_create`     DATETIME,
    `gmt_modified`   DATETIME,
    PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`),
    KEY `idx_branch_id` (`branch_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;

    1. 在路径\seata-1.4.1-source\script\client\at\db\mysql.sql,初始化客户端SQL脚本，这里是 test模式下

      -- for AT mode you must to init this sql for you business database. the seata server not need it.
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `undo_log`
(
    `branch_id`     BIGINT(20)   NOT NULL COMMENT 'branch transaction id',
    `xid`           VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT 'global transaction id',
    `context`       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL COMMENT 'undo_log context,such as serialization',
    `rollback_info` LONGBLOB     NOT NULL COMMENT 'rollback info',
    `log_status`    INT(11)      NOT NULL COMMENT '0:normal status,1:defense status',
    `log_created`   DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'create datetime',
    `log_modified`  DATETIME(6)  NOT NULL COMMENT 'modify datetime',
    UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`, `branch_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  AUTO_INCREMENT = 1
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8 COMMENT ='AT transaction mode undo table';

  4. 上传配置到Nacos并启动Seata-Server

    1. 上传配置

      启动Nacos，然后在\seata-1.4.1-source\script\config-center\nacos路径下，执行nacos-config.sh，打开Git Bash，然后输入sh nacos-config.sh

      image-20210408222345416

      image-20210408222734149

    2. 启动Seata-Server，在下载好的直接运行的 Seata包中，路径为D:\Software\seata\bin，直接双击seata-server.bat.

Spring Cloud 集成 Seata

  1. 配置Spring Cloud 服务 application.yml

    1. 两个客户端，一个是消息生产者nacos-service-provider，一个是消息消费者nacos-service-consumer。分别配置它们的 application.yml

    2. nacos-service-provider application.yml

      server:
  port: 8081
#Seata分布式事务配置(AT模式)
seata:
  enabled: true
  application-id: nacos-service-provider
  tx-service-group: my_test_tx_group
  config:
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      username: ""
      password: ""
  registry:
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      application: seata-server
      server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
      group : "SEATA_GROUP"
      username: ""
      password: ""

    1. nacos-service-consumer application.yml

      server:
  port: 8082
seata:
  enabled: true
  application-id: nacos-service-consumer
  tx-service-group: my_test_tx_group
  config:
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      username: ""
      password: ""
  registry:
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      application: seata-server
      server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
      group : "SEATA_GROUP"
      username: ""
      password: ""

  2. 启动项目，此时在Nacos中有三个服务已经注册在上面

    image-20210408223810756

实践

前提：nacos-service-provider 发送消息告诉 nacos-service-consumer，增加用户信息。此时需要在 provider 端增加一条消息发送记录，然后再 consumer 端再增加一条用户信息。

依赖文件

Provider、Consumer 都是一样

依赖版本
<dependencyManagement>
    <!--springcloud-->
    <dependencies>
    <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>Hoxton.SR5</version>
    <type>pom</type>
    <scope>import</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--springcloud alibaba-->
    <dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
    <type>pom</type>
    <scope>import</scope>
    </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
​
​
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.rule.demo</groupId>
        <artifactId>nacos-spring-cloud-demo</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.rule</groupId>
    <artifactId>nacos-service-consumer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>nacos-service-consumer</name>
    <description>Project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!--seata-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
            <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.0</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                    <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
                    <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.13</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis-plus-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 引入Druid依赖，阿里巴巴所提供的数据源 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
​
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
​
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
​
</project>

实现 provider 端

主要是三个文件 UserClient、MessageInfo、MessageController、MessageMapper

image-20210408225202674

  1. UserClient

    /**
 * 修改用户名接口
 */
@FeignClient("nacos-service-consumer")
public interface UserClient {
​
    @PostMapping("/user")
    void updateUserInfo(@RequestParam("id") String id,
                        @RequestParam("username") String username);
​
}

  1. MessageInfo

    @Getter
@Setter
@TableName(value = "t_message")
@Builder
public class MessageInfo {
​
    /**
     * id
     */
    @TableId(value = "id", type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;
​
    /**
     * 标题
     */
    private String title;
​
    /**
     * 请求内容
     */
    private String body;
​
    /**
     * 类型
     */
    private String type;
​
}

  1. MessageController

    /**
 * 生产者服务，测试seata
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/provider")
public class MessageController {
​
    @Resource
    private MessageMapper messageMapper;
​
    @Autowired
    private UserClient userClient;
​
    /**
     * 发送消息修改用户信息
     */
    @GetMapping("/send")
    // @GlobalTransactional  配置全局的事务方案
//    @GlobalTransactional 
    public void sendMessage() {
        // 添加消息
        MessageInfo messageInfo = MessageInfo.builder().title("update user username")
                .body("{\"id\":\"1\", \"username\":\"jarry\"}")
                .type("send").build();
​
        messageMapper.insert(messageInfo);
        JSONObject body = JSON.parseObject(messageInfo.getBody());
        // 调用userClient 增加用户信息
        String username = body.getString("username") + System.currentTimeMillis();
        userClient.updateUserInfo(body.getString("id"), username);
        throw new RuntimeException("修改失败");
    }
}

  2. MessageMapper

    @Mapper
public interface MessageMapper extends BaseMapper<MessageInfo> {
}

实现 consumer 端

主要是三个文件 UserInfo、UserController、UserMapper

image-20210408225234940

  1. UserInfo

    @Data
@TableName(value = "t_user")
@Builder
public class UserInfo {
​
    @TableId(value = "ID", type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;
​
    /**
     * 用户名
     */
    private String username;
​
    /**
     * 密码
     */
    private String password;
​
    /**
     * 权限
     */
    private String authorities;
​
}

  2. UserController

    @RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
​
​
    @Resource
    private UserMapper userMapper;
​
    @PostMapping
    public void updateUserInfo(@RequestParam("id") String id,
                               @RequestParam("username") String username) {
​
        // 增加一条用户信息
        UserInfo userInfo = UserInfo.builder().username(username).password("123456").authorities("123").build();
        userMapper.insert(userInfo);
    }
}

  1. UserMapper

    @Mapper
public interface UserMapper extends BaseMapper<UserInfo> {
}

  1. 模拟正常的逻辑下，出现分布式事务

    1. 分别在两个客户端的控制层加上 @Transactional注解。模拟出现运行时异常时，让两者都不增加数据，结果却是 t_message没有增加，但是 t_user 增加一条用户

          @GetMapping("/send")
    @Transactional
    public void sendMessage() {
        ``````
        ``````
        throw new RuntimeException("修改失败");
    }
    
        @PostMapping
    @Transactional
    public void updateUserInfo(@RequestParam("id") String id,
                               @RequestParam("username") String username) {
        // 增加一条用户信息
        UserInfo userInfo = UserInfo.builder().username(username).password("123456").authorities("123").build();
        userMapper.insert(userInfo);
    }

    1. 模拟请求，查看结果

      image-20210408225834979

      image-20210408230036386

  2. 模拟使用 Seata，解决分布式事务

    1. 只需要在 MessageController 上增加 @GlobalTransactional 注解。清空下两个表，再次模拟出现运行时异常时，结果时两者都没有增加数据。

      @GetMapping("/send")
    // @GlobalTransactional  配置全局的事务方案
    @GlobalTransactional
    public void sendMessage() {
        ````
        ````
        throw new RuntimeException("修改失败");
    }

    1. 模拟请求，查看结果

      image-20210408230601241

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