Java设计模式【八】：过滤器模式

小知识，大挑战！本文正在参与“程序员必备小知识”创作活动。

写在前面

设计模式，其实在一定程度上代表着最优解，最佳实践，由一部分开发人员根据经验总结而出的解决方案，分别针对不同的场景的最优解决方案。

在当前环境下，设计模式也被开发人员极为推崇，并且利用其解决众多的问题，所以，学习设计模式刻不容缓。

下面我们就来看一下“过滤器模式”。

过滤器模式同样也是结构型设计模式中的一种，其核心原理就是利用多个不同的规则和标准来过滤一组对象，通过一定的逻辑将他们关联在一起。

使用场景

过滤器模式的使用场景还真是不好总结出来，如果大家有什么好的场景可以讨论一下哈，这里就不多说了。

代码实现

首先，让我们创建一个类，后面我们就会在这个类上应用我们制定的规则。

public class Person {

    private String name;
    private String gender;
    private String maritalStatus;

    public Person(String name,String gender,String maritalStatus){
        this.name = name;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.maritalStatus = maritalStatus;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }
    public String getMaritalStatus() {
        return maritalStatus;
    }
}
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创建标准规则接口。

public interface Criteria {
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons);
}
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创建标准规则的接口实现类，如下代码：

public class CriteriaMale implements Criteria {

    @Override
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
        List<Person> malePersons = new ArrayList<Person>();
        for (Person person : persons) {
            if(person.getGender().equalsIgnoreCase("MALE")){
                malePersons.add(person);
            }
        }
        return malePersons;
    }
}
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public class CriteriaFemale implements Criteria {

    @Override
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
        List<Person> femalePersons = new ArrayList<Person>();
        for (Person person : persons) {
            if(person.getGender().equalsIgnoreCase("FEMALE")){
                femalePersons.add(person);
            }
        }
        return femalePersons;
    }
}
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public class CriteriaSingle implements Criteria {

    @Override
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
        List<Person> singlePersons = new ArrayList<Person>();
        for (Person person : persons) {
            if(person.getMaritalStatus().equalsIgnoreCase("SINGLE")){
                singlePersons.add(person);
            }
        }
        return singlePersons;
    }
}
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public class AndCriteria implements Criteria {

    private Criteria criteria;
    private Criteria otherCriteria;

    public AndCriteria(Criteria criteria, Criteria otherCriteria) {
        this.criteria = criteria;
        this.otherCriteria = otherCriteria;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
        List<Person> firstCriteriaPersons = criteria.meetCriteria(persons);
        return otherCriteria.meetCriteria(firstCriteriaPersons);
    }
}
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public class OrCriteria implements Criteria {

    private Criteria criteria;
    private Criteria otherCriteria;

    public OrCriteria(Criteria criteria, Criteria otherCriteria) {
        this.criteria = criteria;
        this.otherCriteria = otherCriteria;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
        List<Person> firstCriteriaItems = criteria.meetCriteria(persons);
        List<Person> otherCriteriaItems = otherCriteria.meetCriteria(persons);

        for (Person person : otherCriteriaItems) {
            if(!firstCriteriaItems.contains(person)){
                firstCriteriaItems.add(person);
            }
        }
        return firstCriteriaItems;
    }
}
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最后我们通过不同的标准规则来过滤初始对象。

public class CriteriaPatternDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Person> persons = new ArrayList<Person>();

        persons.add(new Person("Robert","Male", "Single"));
        persons.add(new Person("John","Male", "Married"));
        persons.add(new Person("Laura","Female", "Married"));
        persons.add(new Person("Diana","Female", "Single"));
        persons.add(new Person("Mike","Male", "Single"));
        persons.add(new Person("Bobby","Male", "Single"));

        Criteria male = new CriteriaMale();
        Criteria female = new CriteriaFemale();
        Criteria single = new CriteriaSingle();
        Criteria singleMale = new AndCriteria(single, male);
        Criteria singleOrFemale = new OrCriteria(single, female);

        System.out.println("Males: ");
        printPersons(male.meetCriteria(persons));

        System.out.println("\nFemales: ");
        printPersons(female.meetCriteria(persons));

        System.out.println("\nSingle Males: ");
        printPersons(singleMale.meetCriteria(persons));

        System.out.println("\nSingle Or Females: ");
        printPersons(singleOrFemale.meetCriteria(persons));
    }

    public static void printPersons(List<Person> persons){
        for (Person person : persons) {
            System.out.println("Person : [ Name : " + person.getName()
                    +", Gender : " + person.getGender()
                    +", Marital Status : " + person.getMaritalStatus()
                    +" ]");
        }
    }
}
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