关于分布式与单机的区别及优势我们不一一赘述了，在redis，nginx，mysql中，我都有说过。但是分布式ES的特性还是需要详细了解的，于是我在网上找到了一个不错的博文，比我讲得好，所以直接引用过来：
Elasticsearch 分布式特性（集群、节点、分片）
所以这里我们直接进行搭建分布式ES。
1.按照前面的章节安装的ES进行克隆出3台服务器，分别修改ip，主机名：
#### elasticsearch-1
eth0：10.0.0.221
eth1：172.16.1.221
#### elasticsearch-2
eth0：10.0.0.222
eth1：172.16.1.222
#### elasticsearch-3
eth0：10.0.0.223
eth1：172.16.1.223
2.当克隆以后，清空es中的data目录，这里面包含了原先的索引库数据。
[root@elasticsearch-1 ~]# cd /application/elasticsearch-7.6.1/data/
[root@elasticsearch-1 data]# ll
total 0
drwxrwxr-x 3 esuser esuser 15 Mar 26 09:19 nodes
[root@elasticsearch-1 data]# rm -rf nodes/
3.分别修改Elasticsearch.yml文件：
#### elasticsearch-1
------- Cluster -------
cluster.name: elasticsearch-cluster
node.name: es-node1 ######只有这里不一样
------- Network -------
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"
node.master: true
node.data: true
------ Discovery ------
discovery.seed_hosts: ["172.16.1.221", "172.16.1.222","172.16.1.223"]
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["es-node1"]
#### elasticsearch-2
------- Cluster -------
cluster.name: elasticsearch-cluster
node.name: es-node2 ######只有这里不一样
------- Network -------
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"
node.master: true
node.data: true
------ Discovery ------
discovery.seed_hosts: ["172.16.1.221", "172.16.1.222","172.16.1.223"]
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["es-node1"]
#### elasticsearch-3
------- Cluster -------
cluster.name: elasticsearch-cluster
node.name: es-node3 ######只有这里不一样
------- Network -------
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"
node.master: true
node.data: true
------ Discovery ------
discovery.seed_hosts: ["172.16.1.221", "172.16.1.222","172.16.1.223"]
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["es-node1"]
最后对比一下三台服务器的配置
####elasticsearch-2####
[root@elasticsearch-1 config]# more elasticsearch.yml |grep ^[^#]
cluster.name: elasticsearch-cluster
node.name: es-node1
path.data: /application/elasticsearch-7.6.1/data
path.logs: /application/elasticsearch-7.6.1/logs
network.host: 0.0.0.0
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"
node.master: true
node.data: true
discovery.seed_hosts: ["172.16.1.221", "172.16.1.222","172.16.1.223"]
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["es-node1"]
[root@elasticsearch-1 config]#
####elasticsearch-2####
[root@elasticsearch-2 config]# more elasticsearch.yml |grep ^[^#]
cluster.name: elasticsearch-cluster
node.name: es-node2
path.data: /application/elasticsearch-7.6.1/data
path.logs: /application/elasticsearch-7.6.1/logs
network.host: 0.0.0.0
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"
node.master: true
node.data: true
discovery.seed_hosts: ["172.16.1.221", "172.16.1.222","172.16.1.223"]
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["es-node1"]
[root@elasticsearch-2 config]#
####elasticsearch-3####
[root@elasticsearch-3 config]# more elasticsearch.yml |grep ^[^#]
cluster.name: elasticsearch-cluster
node.name: es-node3
path.data: /application/elasticsearch-7.6.1/data
path.logs: /application/elasticsearch-7.6.1/logs
network.host: 0.0.0.0
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"
node.master: true
node.data: true
discovery.seed_hosts: ["172.16.1.221", "172.16.1.222","172.16.1.223"]
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["es-node1"]
[root@elasticsearch-3 config]#
4.启动三台服务器（需要切换到esuser用户）
[root@elasticsearch-1 elasticsearch-7.6.1]# su esuser
[esuser@elasticsearch-1 elasticsearch-7.6.1]$ bin/elasticsearch
5.分别在浏览器上访问测试分布式集群（10.0.0.221:9200，10.0.0.222:9200，10.0.0.223:9200）