Yum配置文件位于/etc/yum.conf和/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo目录下 使用yum时注意:必须使用root身份来执行yum;yum配置文件内的镜像站点必须能与自己进行网络连接;镜像站点越近,带宽越大越好,方便下载。 [root@localhost ~]# yum [options] COMMAND 软件 List of Commands: install:Install a package or packages on your system update:Update a package or packages on your system remove:移出某个软件,后跟软件名称 search:Search package details for the given string 搜索某个软件或重要关键字 list:List a package or groups of packages列出yum所管理的软件名称与版本,类似于rpm –qa info:Display details about a package or group of packages,类似于rpm –qai clean:Remove cached data 下载文件被放置在/var/cache/yum中,可以使用clean清除。 check-update:Check for available package updates Groupinfo:Display details about a package group groupinstall Install the packages in a group on your system grouplist:List available package groups groupremove:Remove the packages in a group from your system groupupdate:升级整个软件群组 help:Display a helpful usage message Deplist:List a package's dependencies 列出软件包的依赖关系,在使用本地源软件包进行安装时,可以查看依赖关系 Downgrade:downgrade a package Erase:Remove a package or packages from your system localinstall:Install a local RPM安装本地的rpm软件包 makecache:Generate the metadata cache 生成数据缓存 provides:Find what package provides the given value 找到包提供的给定值 reinstall:reinstall a package 重装软件包 repolist:Display the configured software repositories resolvedep:Determine which package provides the given dependency shell:Run an interactive yum shell upgrade:Update packages taking obsoletes into account options -y:answer yes for all questions当yum询问用户意见时,主动回答yes不需由键盘输入 -installroot=[path]:set install root安装在其他的路径,而不再当前目录树的架构中 -h --help:show this help message and exit -t --tolerant:be tolerant of errors -C:run entirely from cache, don't update cache -c:[config file]config file location -R [minutes] maximum command wait time -d [debug level] debugging output level -showduplicates show duplicates, in repos, in list/search commands -e [error level] error output level -q, --quiet quiet operation -v, --verbose verbose operation -version show Yum version and exit -enablerepo=[repo] enable one or more repositories (wildcards allowed) -disablerepo=[repo] disable one or more repositories (wildcards allowed) -x[package], --exclude=[package]exclude package(s) by name or glob -disableexcludes=[repo]disable exclude from main, for a repo or for everything -obsoletes:enable obsoletes processing during updates -noplugins:disable Yum plugins -nogpgcheck:disable gpg signature checking -disableplugin=[plugin] disable plugins by name -enableplugin=[plugin] enable plugins by name -skip-broken:skip packages with depsolving problems -color=COLOR: control whether color is used [root@localhost ~]# yum search gcc 查找主机上是否有gcc的相关软件,如果有,就会陈列出来。 [root@localhost ~]# yum info gcc 列出已安装的yum所管理的软件名称与版本 …………………………………………………………………… Name:gcc Arch:i386 Version: 4.1.2 Release: 48.el5 Size:9.6 M Repo:installed Summary:各类编译器(C、C++、Objective-C、Java, ...) URL:http://gcc.gnu.org License:GPL Description:The gcc package contains the GNU Compiler Collection version 4.1.You'll need this package in order to compile c code …………………………………………………………………… 显示该软件版本名称,数据大小,软件出处等信息。需要注意summary和description的信息 可以依据yum search 软件名查找此软件的信息,yum list软件名 列出此软件的版本和名称,决定是否安装此软件。 安装之前使用rpm –q 软件名,查看此软件是否安装,如没有安装,使用yum install 软件名 进行安装 使用yum可以主动处理好依赖关系,下载好的软件一般都放置在/var/cache/yum中,可以清除以节省磁盘空间。 [root@localhost ~]# yum clean packages #清除下载的软件包 [root@localhost ~]# yum -y update #手动系统更新
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