DROP TABLE idb_hierarchical; create TABLE idb_hierarchical ( id number, parent_id number, str varchar2(10) ); insert into idb_hierarchical values(1,null,'A'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(2,1,'B'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(3,2,'C'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(4,3,'D'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(5,2,'E'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(6,2,'F'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(7,3,'G'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(8,4,'H'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(9,4,'I'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(10,null,'J'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(11,10,'K'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(12,11,'L'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(13,10,'M');
DROP TABLE idb_hierarchical; create TABLE idb_hierarchical ( id number, parent_id number, str varchar2(10) ); insert into idb_hierarchical values(1,null,'A'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(2,1,'B'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(3,2,'C'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(4,3,'D'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(5,2,'E'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(6,2,'F'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(7,3,'G'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(8,4,'H'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(9,4,'I'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(10,null,'J'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(11,10,'K'); insert into idb_hierarchical values(12,11,'L');
insert into idb_hierarchical values(13,10,'M');
示例数据清单如下:
SELECT RPAD('+',LEVEL*2+1,'.')||STR STR_LEVEL,ID,PARENT_ID,LEVEL LVL FROM idb_hierarchical START WITH PARENT_ID IS NULL CONNECT BY PARENT_ID = PRIOR ID;
表1:数据清单
STR_LEVEL ID PARENT_ID LVL
+..A 1 1
+….B 2 1 2
+……C 3 2 3
+……..D 4 3 4
+……….H 8 4 5
+……….I 9 4 5
+……..G 7 3 4
+……E 5 2 3
+……F 6 2 3
+..J 10 1
+….K 11 10 2
+……L 12 11 3
+….M 13 10 2
在表1中,ID为8、9、 7、5、6、12、13都没有子节点,因此称为叶节点。
1.oracle9i 查询叶节点
只显示叶子节点SQL
SELECT RPAD('+',LEVEL*2+1,'.')||STR STR_LEVEL,ID,PARENT_ID,LEVEL LVL FROM idb_hierarchical I --在oracle 9i中显示叶节点,需要判断是否有子节点即可 WHERE NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM idb_hierarchical B WHERE I.ID=B.PARENT_ID) START WITH PARENT_ID IS NULL CONNECT BY PARENT_ID = PRIOR ID;
表2
STR_LEVEL ID PARENT_ID LVL
+……….H 8 4 5
+……….I 9 4 5
+……..G 7 3 4
+……E 5 2 3
+……F 6 2 3
+……L 12 11 3
+….M 13 10 2
显示所有节点,标明该行是否为叶节点SQL
SELECT RPAD('+',LEVEL*2+1,'.')||STR STR_LEVEL,ID,PARENT_ID,LEVEL LVL, NVL((SELECT 'N' FROM idb_hierarchical B WHERE I.ID=B.PARENT_ID AND ROWNUM < 2),'Y') IS_LEAF FROM idb_hierarchical I START WITH PARENT_ID IS NULL CONNECT BY PARENT_ID = PRIOR ID;
表3
STR_LEVEL ID PARENT_ID LVL IS_LEAF
+..A 1 1 N
+....B 2 1 2 N
+......C 3 2 3 N
+........D 4 3 4 N
+..........H 8 4 5 Y
+..........I 9 4 5 Y
+........G 7 3 4 Y
+......E 5 2 3 Y
+......F 6 2 3 Y
+..J 10 1 N
+....K 11 10 2 N
+......L 12 11 3 Y
+....M 13 10 2 Y
oracle 9i 查询根节点
SELECT RPAD('+',LEVEL*2+1,'.')||STR STR_LEVEL,ID,PARENT_ID,LEVEL LVL FROM idb_hierarchical I START WITH id =2 CONNECT BY PARENT_ID = PRIOR ID;
表4
STR_LEVEL ID PARENT_ID LVL
+..B 2 1 1
+....C 3 2 2
+......D 4 3 3
+........H 8 4 4
+........I 9 4 4
+......G 7 3 3
+....E 5 2 2
+....F 6 2 2
根节点ID应该为3、5、6,即lvl为1即可
查询根节点,只显示根节点SQL
SELECT RPAD('+', LEVEL * 2 + 1, '.') || STR STR_LEVEL, ID, PARENT_ID, LEVEL LVL, (select b.str from idb_hierarchical b where level = 1 start with b.id = 2 connect by prior b.id = b.parent_id ) root_str FROM idb_hierarchical I where level = 1 START WITH id = 2 CONNECT BY PARENT_ID = PRIOR ID;
表5
STR_LEVEL ID PARENT_ID LVL ROOT_STR
+..B 2 1 1 B
标明根节点SQL
SELECT RPAD('+', LEVEL * 2 + 1, '.') || STR STR_LEVEL, ID, PARENT_ID, DECODE(LEVEL, 1, 'Y', 'N') is_root, LEVEL LVL, (select b.str from idb_hierarchical b where level = 1 start with b.id = 2 connect by prior b.id = b.parent_id) root_str FROM idb_hierarchical I START WITH id = 2 CONNECT BY PARENT_ID = PRIOR ID;
表6
STR_LEVEL ID PARENT_ID IS_ROOT LVL ROOT_STR
+..B 2 1 Y 1 B
+....C 3 2 N 2 B
+......D 4 3 N 3 B
+........H 8 4 N 4 B
+........I 9 4 N 4 B
+......G 7 3 N 3 B
+....E 5 2 N 2 B
+....F 6 2 N 2 B
在oracle 10g提供了connect_by_isleaf和connect_by_root
oracle 10g用connect_by_isleaf判断叶节点
SELECT RPAD('+',LEVEL*2+1,'.')||STR STR_LEVEL,ID,PARENT_ID,LEVEL LVL FROM idb_hierarchical I where connect_by_isleaf=1 START WITH PARENT_ID IS NULL CONNECT BY PARENT_ID = PRIOR ID;
表7
STR_LEVEL ID PARENT_ID LVL
+..........H 8 4 5
+..........I 9 4 5
+........G 7 3 4
+......E 5 2 3
+......F 6 2 3
+......L 12 11 3
+....M 13 10 2
SELECT RPAD('+',LEVEL*2+1,'.')||STR STR_LEVEL,ID,PARENT_ID,LEVEL LVL, decode(connect_by_isleaf,1,'Y','N') IS_LEAF FROM idb_hierarchical I START WITH PARENT_ID IS NULL CONNECT BY PARENT_ID = PRIOR ID;
表8
STR_LEVEL ID PARENT_ID LVL IS_LEAF
+..A 1 1 N
+....B 2 1 2 N
+......C 3 2 3 N
+........D 4 3 4 N
+..........H 8 4 5 Y
+..........I 9 4 5 Y
+........G 7 3 4 Y
+......E 5 2 3 Y
+......F 6 2 3 Y
+..J 10 1 N
+....K 11 10 2 N
+......L 12 11 3 Y
+....M 13 10 2 Y
oracle 10g用connect_by_root判断根节点
SELECT RPAD('+', LEVEL * 2 + 1, '.') || STR STR_LEVEL, ID, PARENT_ID, LEVEL LVL, connect_by_root STR ROOT_STR FROM idb_hierarchical I START WITH id = 2 CONNECT BY PARENT_ID = PRIOR ID;
表9
STR_LEVEL ID PARENT_ID LVL ROOT_STR
+..B 2 1 1 B
+....C 3 2 2 B
+......D 4 3 3 B
+........H 8 4 4 B
+........I 9 4 4 B
+......G 7 3 3 B
+....E 5 2 2 B
+....F 6 2 2 B
SELECT RPAD('+', LEVEL * 2 + 1, '.') || STR STR_LEVEL, ID, PARENT_ID, DECODE(LEVEL, 1, 'Y', 'N') is_root, LEVEL LVL, connect_by_root STR ROOT_STR FROM idb_hierarchical I START WITH id = 3 CONNECT BY PARENT_ID = PRIOR ID;
表10
STR_LEVEL ID PARENT_ID IS_ROOT LVL ROOT_STR
+..C 3 2 Y 1 C
+....D 4 3 N 2 C
+......H 8 4 N 3 C
+......I 9 4 N 3 C
+....G 7 3 N 2 C
SELECT RPAD('+', LEVEL * 2 + 1, '.') || STR STR_LEVEL, ID, PARENT_ID, DECODE(LEVEL, 1, 'Y', 'N') is_root, LEVEL LVL, connect_by_root STR ROOT_STR FROM idb_hierarchical I START WITH PARENT_ID = 2 CONNECT BY PARENT_ID = PRIOR ID;
表11
STR_LEVEL ID PARENT_ID IS_ROOT LVL ROOT_STR
+..C 3 2 Y 1 C
+....D 4 3 N 2 C
+......H 8 4 N 3 C
+......I 9 4 N 3 C
+....G 7 3 N 2 C
+..E 5 2 Y 1 E
+..F 6 2 Y 1 F