《SpringCloud Alibaba 微服务架构》专题(十)-Spring Cloud Alibaba之Feign调用Ribbon+Hystrix请求超时

其他 2021-03-20 08:56:00 阅读次数: 0

目录

1.什么是Feign超时

1.使用Feign调用接口分为两层，Ribbon的调用和Hystrix的调用，所以Ribbon的超时时间和Hystrix的超时时间的结合就是Feign的超时时间。

2.一般情况下 都是 Ribbon 的超时时间（<）Hystrix的超时时间（因为涉及到Ribbon 的重试机制），如果Ribbon 的超时时间大于Hystrix的超时时间，对于Ribbon 的重试是没有意义的（Hystrix超时熔断了，Ribbon 无法重试）。

提示：

  • 默认情况下，如果Ribbon没有配置重试时间和次数，默认是1S超时，默认会自动重试1次。
  • 默认情况下，如果Hystrix没有配置重试时间和次数，默认是1S超时，默认会自动重试1次。

2.Ribbon超时

问题： 在服务提供者的接口上加休眠5秒，测试Feign调用的时候是否会超时？

@GetMapping(value = "/getProductInfo/{productId}")
public String getProductInfo(@PathVariable("productId") String productId) {
    
    
    log.info("请求进来啦");
    try {
    
    
        log.info("模拟服务端超时");
        Thread.sleep(5000);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    
    
        e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
    
    
    }
    return "Hello Nacos Discovery " + productId;
}

接口提供方和接口调用方的application.yml都是如下：

server:
  port: 8716
spring:
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        #服务注册与发现地址
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
        #开启服务注册与发现功能
        enabled: true
  application:
    name: nacos-product

访问接口：http://localhost:8777/getProduct/100 控制台异常如下：
在这里插入图片描述

org.springframework.web.util.NestedServletException: Request processing failed; nested exception is feign.RetryableException: Read timed out executing GET http://nacos-product/getProductInfo/100
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1014) ~[spring-webmvc-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:898) ~[spring-webmvc-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:503) ~[jakarta.servlet-api-4.0.3.jar:4.0.3]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:883) ~[spring-webmvc-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:590) ~[jakarta.servlet-api-4.0.3.jar:4.0.3]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.ServletHandler.handleRequest(ServletHandler.java:74) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.FilterHandler$FilterChainImpl.doFilter(FilterHandler.java:129) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100) ~[spring-web-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) ~[spring-web-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at io.undertow.servlet.core.ManagedFilter.doFilter(ManagedFilter.java:61) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.FilterHandler$FilterChainImpl.doFilter(FilterHandler.java:131) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93) ~[spring-web-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) ~[spring-web-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at io.undertow.servlet.core.ManagedFilter.doFilter(ManagedFilter.java:61) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.FilterHandler$FilterChainImpl.doFilter(FilterHandler.java:131) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201) ~[spring-web-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) ~[spring-web-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at io.undertow.servlet.core.ManagedFilter.doFilter(ManagedFilter.java:61) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.FilterHandler$FilterChainImpl.doFilter(FilterHandler.java:131) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.FilterHandler.handleRequest(FilterHandler.java:84) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.security.ServletSecurityRoleHandler.handleRequest(ServletSecurityRoleHandler.java:62) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.ServletChain$1.handleRequest(ServletChain.java:68) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.ServletDispatchingHandler.handleRequest(ServletDispatchingHandler.java:36) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.RedirectDirHandler.handleRequest(RedirectDirHandler.java:68) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.security.SSLInformationAssociationHandler.handleRequest(SSLInformationAssociationHandler.java:132) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.security.ServletAuthenticationCallHandler.handleRequest(ServletAuthenticationCallHandler.java:57) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.server.handlers.PredicateHandler.handleRequest(PredicateHandler.java:43) ~[undertow-core-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.security.handlers.AbstractConfidentialityHandler.handleRequest(AbstractConfidentialityHandler.java:46) ~[undertow-core-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.security.ServletConfidentialityConstraintHandler.handleRequest(ServletConfidentialityConstraintHandler.java:64) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.security.handlers.AuthenticationMechanismsHandler.handleRequest(AuthenticationMechanismsHandler.java:60) ~[undertow-core-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.security.CachedAuthenticatedSessionHandler.handleRequest(CachedAuthenticatedSessionHandler.java:77) ~[undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.security.handlers.AbstractSecurityContextAssociationHandler.handleRequest(AbstractSecurityContextAssociationHandler.java:43) ~[undertow-core-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.server.handlers.PredicateHandler.handleRequest(PredicateHandler.java:43) ~[undertow-core-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.server.handlers.PredicateHandler.handleRequest(PredicateHandler.java:43) ~[undertow-core-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.ServletInitialHandler.handleFirstRequest(ServletInitialHandler.java:269) [undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.ServletInitialHandler.access$100(ServletInitialHandler.java:78) [undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.ServletInitialHandler$2.call(ServletInitialHandler.java:133) [undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.ServletInitialHandler$2.call(ServletInitialHandler.java:130) [undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.core.ServletRequestContextThreadSetupAction$1.call(ServletRequestContextThreadSetupAction.java:48) [undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.core.ContextClassLoaderSetupAction$1.call(ContextClassLoaderSetupAction.java:43) [undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.ServletInitialHandler.dispatchRequest(ServletInitialHandler.java:249) [undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.ServletInitialHandler.access$000(ServletInitialHandler.java:78) [undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.servlet.handlers.ServletInitialHandler$1.handleRequest(ServletInitialHandler.java:99) [undertow-servlet-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.server.Connectors.executeRootHandler(Connectors.java:376) [undertow-core-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at io.undertow.server.HttpServerExchange$1.run(HttpServerExchange.java:830) [undertow-core-2.0.29.Final.jar:2.0.29.Final]
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) [na:1.8.0_40]
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) [na:1.8.0_40]
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) [na:1.8.0_40]
Caused by: feign.RetryableException: Read timed out executing GET http://nacos-product/getProductInfo/100
	at feign.FeignException.errorExecuting(FeignException.java:249) ~[feign-core-10.7.4.jar:na]
	at feign.SynchronousMethodHandler.executeAndDecode(SynchronousMethodHandler.java:120) ~[feign-core-10.7.4.jar:na]
	at feign.SynchronousMethodHandler.invoke(SynchronousMethodHandler.java:80) ~[feign-core-10.7.4.jar:na]
	at feign.ReflectiveFeign$FeignInvocationHandler.invoke(ReflectiveFeign.java:100) ~[feign-core-10.7.4.jar:na]
	at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy85.getProductInfo(Unknown Source) ~[na:na]
	at com.bruce.controller.OrderController.getProduct(OrderController.java:25) ~[classes/:na]
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_40]
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_40]
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_40]
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497) ~[na:1.8.0_40]
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:190) ~[spring-web-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:138) ~[spring-web-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:106) ~[spring-webmvc-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:879) ~[spring-webmvc-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:793) ~[spring-webmvc-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87) ~[spring-webmvc-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1040) ~[spring-webmvc-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:943) ~[spring-webmvc-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1006) ~[spring-webmvc-5.2.4.RELEASE.jar:5.2.4.RELEASE]
	... 47 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.net.SocketTimeoutException: Read timed out
	at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_40]
	at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead(SocketInputStream.java:116) ~[na:1.8.0_40]
	at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:170) ~[na:1.8.0_40]
	at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:141) ~[na:1.8.0_40]
	at java.io.BufferedInputStream.fill(BufferedInputStream.java:246) ~[na:1.8.0_40]
	at java.io.BufferedInputStream.read1(BufferedInputStream.java:286) ~[na:1.8.0_40]
	at java.io.BufferedInputStream.read(BufferedInputStream.java:345) ~[na:1.8.0_40]
	at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.parseHTTPHeader(HttpClient.java:704) ~[na:1.8.0_40]
	at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.parseHTTP(HttpClient.java:647) ~[na:1.8.0_40]
	at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream0(HttpURLConnection.java:1535) ~[na:1.8.0_40]
	at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1440) ~[na:1.8.0_40]
	at java.net.HttpURLConnection.getResponseCode(HttpURLConnection.java:480) ~[na:1.8.0_40]
	at feign.Client$Default.convertResponse(Client.java:78) ~[feign-core-10.7.4.jar:na]
	at feign.Client$Default.execute(Client.java:74) ~[feign-core-10.7.4.jar:na]
	at org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.ribbon.FeignLoadBalancer.execute(FeignLoadBalancer.java:93) ~[spring-cloud-openfeign-core-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar:2.2.2.RELEASE]
	at org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.ribbon.FeignLoadBalancer.execute(FeignLoadBalancer.java:56) ~[spring-cloud-openfeign-core-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar:2.2.2.RELEASE]
	at com.netflix.client.AbstractLoadBalancerAwareClient$1.call(AbstractLoadBalancerAwareClient.java:104) ~[ribbon-loadbalancer-2.3.0.jar:2.3.0]
	at com.netflix.loadbalancer.reactive.LoadBalancerCommand$3$1.call(LoadBalancerCommand.java:303) ~[ribbon-loadbalancer-2.3.0.jar:2.3.0]
	at com.netflix.loadbalancer.reactive.LoadBalancerCommand$3$1.call(LoadBalancerCommand.java:287) ~[ribbon-loadbalancer-2.3.0.jar:2.3.0]
	at rx.internal.util.ScalarSynchronousObservable$3.call(ScalarSynchronousObservable.java:231) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.util.ScalarSynchronousObservable$3.call(ScalarSynchronousObservable.java:228) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10327) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeConcatMap$ConcatMapSubscriber.drain(OnSubscribeConcatMap.java:286) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeConcatMap$ConcatMapSubscriber.onNext(OnSubscribeConcatMap.java:144) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at com.netflix.loadbalancer.reactive.LoadBalancerCommand$1.call(LoadBalancerCommand.java:185) ~[ribbon-loadbalancer-2.3.0.jar:2.3.0]
	at com.netflix.loadbalancer.reactive.LoadBalancerCommand$1.call(LoadBalancerCommand.java:180) ~[ribbon-loadbalancer-2.3.0.jar:2.3.0]
	at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10327) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeConcatMap.call(OnSubscribeConcatMap.java:94) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeConcatMap.call(OnSubscribeConcatMap.java:42) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10327) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.operators.OperatorRetryWithPredicate$SourceSubscriber$1.call(OperatorRetryWithPredicate.java:127) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.schedulers.TrampolineScheduler$InnerCurrentThreadScheduler.enqueue(TrampolineScheduler.java:73) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.schedulers.TrampolineScheduler$InnerCurrentThreadScheduler.schedule(TrampolineScheduler.java:52) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.operators.OperatorRetryWithPredicate$SourceSubscriber.onNext(OperatorRetryWithPredicate.java:79) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.operators.OperatorRetryWithPredicate$SourceSubscriber.onNext(OperatorRetryWithPredicate.java:45) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.util.ScalarSynchronousObservable$WeakSingleProducer.request(ScalarSynchronousObservable.java:276) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.Subscriber.setProducer(Subscriber.java:209) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.util.ScalarSynchronousObservable$JustOnSubscribe.call(ScalarSynchronousObservable.java:138) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.util.ScalarSynchronousObservable$JustOnSubscribe.call(ScalarSynchronousObservable.java:129) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.Observable.subscribe(Observable.java:10423) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.Observable.subscribe(Observable.java:10390) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.observables.BlockingObservable.blockForSingle(BlockingObservable.java:443) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at rx.observables.BlockingObservable.single(BlockingObservable.java:340) ~[rxjava-1.3.8.jar:1.3.8]
	at com.netflix.client.AbstractLoadBalancerAwareClient.executeWithLoadBalancer(AbstractLoadBalancerAwareClient.java:112) ~[ribbon-loadbalancer-2.3.0.jar:2.3.0]
	at org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.ribbon.LoadBalancerFeignClient.execute(LoadBalancerFeignClient.java:83) ~[spring-cloud-openfeign-core-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar:2.2.2.RELEASE]
	at feign.SynchronousMethodHandler.executeAndDecode(SynchronousMethodHandler.java:110) ~[feign-core-10.7.4.jar:na]
	... 64 common frames omitted

分析： 出现这个异常的时候，起初我不知道究竟是Hystrix断路器走熔断了还是Ribbon处理请求超时了，通过观察日志和做测试，我发现了错误日志是由： org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.ribbon.FeignLoadBalancer包打印出来的，那么我就很确定这是Ribbon处理请求超时了，因为我设置了接口提供方休眠5秒，而Ribbon的默认超时是1秒，而默认情况下在使用Feign时，Hystrix默认是未开启的，这样就更加肯定这是Ribbon超时，那么如何处理呢，见后文。

org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.ribbon.FeignLoadBalancer.execute(FeignLoadBalancer.java:93) ~[spring-cloud-openfeign-core-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar:2.1.2.RELEASE]

解决： 服务调用方application.yml加入Ribbon请求处理超时和连接超时，这里需要注意一下，我们在服务提供方的接口里设置休眠的时间是5秒，所以这里在设置Ribbon的超时时间时，需要大于5秒，不然起不到作用。

server:
  port: 8777
spring:
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
        enabled: true
  application:
    name: nacos-order
# 调用端匹配值
ribbon:
  ReadTimeout: 6000
  ConnectTimeout: 5000

再次请求：http://localhost:8777/getProduct/100
在这里插入图片描述
正如我们初步的判断，上述异常在Feign消费服务，Feign中的Hystrix默认是未开启的，所以这个问题是由Ribbon超时引起的。

3.Hystrix超时

问题： 在服务提供者的接口上加休眠5秒，测试Feign调用的时候是否会超时？

@GetMapping(value = "/getProductInfo/{productId}")
public String getProductInfo(@PathVariable("productId") String productId) {
    
    
    log.info("请求进来啦");
    try {
    
    
        log.info("模拟服务端超时");
        Thread.sleep(5000);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    
    
        e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
    
    
    }
    return "Hello Nacos Discovery " + productId;
}

接口提供方的application.yml配置改成如下，为了探究Hystrix我们去掉Ribbon的超时配置，开启Feign中的Hystrix：
在这里插入图片描述
访问接口：http://localhost:8777/getProduct/100 控制台异常如下：

2021-02-20 10:44:54.878 ERROR 8012 --- [ HystrixTimer-1] c.b.client.OrderFeignFallbackFactory     : 调用异常：com.netflix.hystrix.exception.HystrixTimeoutException
2021-02-20 10:44:54.881  INFO 8012 --- [  XNIO-1 task-1] com.bruce.controller.OrderController     : 调用服务结束： 开启断路-fallback; reason was: com.netflix.hystrix.exception.HystrixTimeoutException
2021-02-20 10:44:55.075  INFO 8012 --- [erListUpdater-0] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty  : Flipping property: nacos-product.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647

在这里插入图片描述
控制台打印日志：
在这里插入图片描述
分析： 从异常的日志来看，服务调用超时了，超时后Hystrix立即进行了服务的熔断，走了回调方法OrderFeignFallbackFactory，输出了服务熔断后我们定制的Msg，那么如何解决这个超时问题呢？

package com.bruce.client;

import feign.hystrix.FallbackFactory;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @BelongsProject: springcloud-alibaba-nacos
 * @BelongsPackage: com.bruce.client
 * @CreateTime: 2021-02-20 10:42
 * @Description: TODO
 */
@Component
@Slf4j
public class OrderFeignFallbackFactory implements FallbackFactory<OrderFeign> {
    
    
    @Override
    public OrderFeign create(final Throwable throwable) {
    
    
        log.error("调用异常：" + throwable.toString());
        return new OrderFeign() {
    
    
            @Override
            public String getProductInfo(String string) {
    
    
                return "开启断路-fallback; reason was: " + throwable.toString();
            }
        };
    }
}

解决： 在接口调用方application.yml加入Hystrix超时配置，同样这里需要注意的是，Hystrix默认的超时时间是1秒，而我们在服务提供方的接口里设置休眠的时间是5秒，所以这里在设置Hystrix的超时时间时，需要大于5秒，不然起不到作用防止超时的作用。

server:
  port: 8777
spring:
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
        enabled: true
  application:
    name: nacos-order

feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true

hystrix:
  command:
    default:
      execution:
        timeout:
          enabled: true
        isolation:
          thread:
            timeoutInMilliseconds: 60000

#ribbon:
#  ReadTimeout: 6000
#  ConnectTimeout: 5000

再次访问接口：http://localhost:8777/getProduct/100 控制台异常如下：

在这里插入图片描述
控制台异常如下：
在这里插入图片描述
分析： 开启了Hystrix断路器并且设置了Hystrix的超时时间为6秒，但是这个时候Ribbon处理请求却超时了。分析下面这行异常日志：RetryableException 大概意思是重试异常，查阅资料得知，Ribbon在超时后会进行重试的，因为没有对Ribbon超时进行处理，但是开启了Hystirx的断路器功能和设置其超时，所以Ribbon在处理请求超时的时候，Hystirx就出来起作用了，对服务进行熔断，降级处理，进而进入回调方法OrderFeignFallbackFactory，返回友好提示起到服务保护作用。

调用异常：feign.RetryableException: Read timed out executing GET http://nacos-product/getProductInfo/1010110

总结： 通过上述分析，那么在开启Hystrix断路器功能之后就需要对Ribbon进行超时设置了，两者在碰到Feign时，需要协同作战，或者更粗暴点直接不开启Hystrix断路器功能，但是这种方式极不推荐，高并发的项目中服务保护必不可少，所以我们需要将Ribbon与Hystrix结合使用，那么接下来我们需要着重讨论Ribbon与Hystrix如何协同作战。

4.在Feign中禁用Hystrix

禁用Hystrix:

参考官网资料： https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/spring-cloud-openfeign/2.2.2.RELEASE/reference/html/#spring-cloud-feign-hystrix

要基于每个客户端禁用Hystrix支持，请创建Feign.Builder具有“原型”范围的香草，这段话摘自官网，例如：
在这里插入图片描述

package com.bruce.client;

import feign.Feign;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;

@Configuration
public class FooConfiguration {
    
    
    @Bean
    @Scope("prototype")
    public Feign.Builder feignBuilder() {
    
    
        return Feign.builder();
    }
}

5.同时设置Ribbon超时和Hystrix超时

Feign调用时同时设置Ribbon超时和Hystrix超时，application.yml配置如下

server:
  port: 8777
spring:
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
        enabled: true
  application:
    name: nacos-order

feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true
hystrix:
  command:
    default:
      execution:
        timeout:
          enabled: true
        isolation:
          thread:
            timeoutInMilliseconds: 120000
ribbon:
  ReadTimeout: 6000
  ConnectTimeout: 5000

访问接口： http://localhost:8777/getProduct/100
在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述

7.Ribbon超时值和Hystrix超时值如何设定？

注意： Ribbon超时+Hystrix超时= Feign超时

7.1.Feign超时结论

  1. 使用Feign调用接口分两层，ribbon的调用和hystrix的调用，所以ribbon的超时时间和Hystrix的超时时间的结合就是Feign的超时时间
  2. 一般情况下 都是 ribbon的超时时间（<）hystrix的超时时间（因为涉及到ribbon的重试机制），如果ribbon的超时时间大于hystrix的超时时间，对于ribbon的重试是没有意义的（hystrix超时熔断了，ribbon无法重试），默认我项目中是没有配置ribbon的重试的，但是需要注意的是无论是否需要配置ribbon超时时的重试次数，hystrix的超时都是需要大于ribbon的超时。

7.2.ribbon的重试机制

为了确保重试机制的正常运作,理论上（以实际情况为准）建议hystrix的超时时间为:(1 + MaxAutoRetries + MaxAutoRetriesNextServer) * ReadTimeout

ribbon:
  OkToRetryOnAllOperations: false #对所有操作请求都进行重试,默认false
  ReadTimeout: 5000   #负载均衡超时时间，默认值5000
  ConnectTimeout: 2000 #ribbon请求连接的超时时间，默认值2000
  MaxAutoRetries: 0     #对当前实例的重试次数，默认0
  MaxAutoRetriesNextServer: 1 #对切换实例的重试次数，默认1
hystrix:
  command:
    default:  #default全局有效，service id指定应用有效
      execution:
        timeout:
          enabled: true
        isolation:
          thread:
            timeoutInMilliseconds: 10000 #断路器超时时间，默认1000ms

如果配置ribbon的重试，hystrix的超时时间要大于ribbon的超时时间，ribbon才会重试，

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