高可用负载均衡部署方案---适用中小应用

1:使用Nginx做两个负载均衡器。其中一个作为备份
2:负载均衡器绑定一个虚拟IP。用户通过虚拟IP访问应用,由负载均衡器进行代理。如果其中一个应用节点失效,Nginx会从负载均衡器中去掉,等到再次可用时,再加入其中。
3:如果负载均衡器1宕机,负载均衡器2接手工作,通过有一个后台作业,不停运行监测,如果载均衡器1不可到达。就给本机添加同一虚拟IP。这样用户访问就被负载均衡器2接手工作,用户使用不需换IP,同样如果负载均衡器2宕机,相同过程被负载均衡器1接手工作
4:如果有域名,可以使用两个VIP,DNS绑定这两个VIP,如果其中一个负载均衡失效,其vip添加到一台负载均衡所在的机子。等失效负载均衡恢复以后,再添加到本机。
5:该方案可以保证任何点,都有一个备份。保持高可用

测试主机:192.168.20.14 和 193.168.20.16
虚拟IP:192.168.20.23

主机环境:
  linux 2.6.9-78.EL
  apache-tomcat-6.0.26
  jdk1.6.0_20
  nginx-0.7.67
 

添加VIP
/sbin/ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.20.23 broadcast 192.168.20.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 up


切换VIP shell脚本:
主负载均衡运行脚本:nginx_master_ha.sh

#!/bin/sh
LANG=C
date=$(date -d "today" +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

function_bind_vip() {
	/sbin/ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.20.23 broadcast 192.168.20.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
}

function_restart_nginx() {
	kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`
}

function_remove_vip() {
	/sbin/ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.20.23 broadcast 192.168.20.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 down
}

bind_vip="N";

#主负载均衡。如果发现自己不可用,去掉绑定VIP,这时候备负载均衡会接管
while true
do
	httpcode_local_rip=`/usr/bin/curl -o /dev/null -s -w %{http_code} http://192.168.20.15`
	
	if [ "x$httpcode_local_rip" == 'x200' ]
	then
		if [ "$bind_vip" == "N" ]
		then
			function_bind_vip
			function_restart_nginx
			bind_vip="Y"
		fi
	else
		if [ "$bind_vip" == "Y" ]
		then
			function_remove_vip
			bind_vip="N"
		fi
	fi
	
	sleep 5
done



备负载均衡运行脚本:nginx_slave_ha.sh

#!/bin/sh
LANG=C
date=$(date -d "today" +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

function_bind_vip() {
	/sbin/ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.20.23 broadcast 192.168.20.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
}

function_restart_nginx() {
	kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`
}

function_remove_vip() {
	/sbin/ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.20.23 broadcast 192.168.20.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 down
}

bind_vip="N";

#备负载均衡。如果发现主负载均衡不可用,由自己接管,当主负载均衡可用时,交由主负载均衡接管
while true
do
	httpcode_remote_rip=`/usr/bin/curl -o /dev/null -s -w %{http_code} http://192.168.20.15`
	
	if [ "x$httpcode_remote_rip" != 'x200' ]
	then
		if [ "$bind_vip" == "N"]
		then
			function_bind_vip
			function_restart_nginx
			bind_vip="Y"
		fi
	else
		if [ "$bind_vip" == "Y" ]
		then
			function_remove_vip
			bind_vip="N"
		fi
	fi
	
	sleep 5
done


ngnix.conf配置:


#user  nobody;
worker_processes  2;
#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

worker_rlimit_nofile 1024;
events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    upstream backend { 
	server 192.168.20.14:8080 weight=10; 
	server 192.168.20.16:8080 weight=10; 
    } 
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  192.168.20.14;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.jsp index.html index.htm;
	    proxy_set_header       Host $host;
            proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_pass  http://backend; 
        }


        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
        
    }



}



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转载自melin.iteye.com/blog/698521