简介
前段时间，研究怎么去提升数据库安全，例如禁止执行不带条件的update操作，于是就想到了去启用sql_safe_updates参数，这个参数Mysql默认是不启用的，而且还不能加入到my.cnf配置里。因此就想到了用init_connect参数，将sql_safe_updates=1放到init_connect参数里，这样每个用户会话连接的时候，就会启用sql_safe_updates参数了。
可是用普通连接数据库之后，使用某个库之后，就会报错
mysql> use information_schema;
No connection. Trying to reconnect...
Connection id: 16
Current database: *** NONE ***
ERROR 1184 (08S01): Aborted connection 16 to db: 'unconnected' user: 'jim' host: 'localhost' (init_connect command failed)
报错分析
分析报错之前，先复盘一下操作步骤
1.创建普通用户
mysql> create user 'jim'@'%' identified by 'jim';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user | host |
+------------------+-----------+
| jim | % |
| repl | % |
| root | % |
| tony | % |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session | localhost |
| mysql.sys | localhost |
| root | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
8 rows in set (0.10 sec)
2.使用root用户登录数据库，并设置init_connect参数
mysql> set global init_connect='sql_safe_updates=1';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'init_connect';
+---------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+--------------------+
| init_connect | sql_safe_updates=1 |
+---------------+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
3.使用普通用户jim连接测试
root@18374a493e56:~# mysql -ujim -pjim
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 18
Server version: 8.0.21
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use information_schema
No connection. Trying to reconnect...
Connection id: 19
Current database: *** NONE ***
ERROR 1184 (08S01): Aborted connection 19 to db: 'unconnected' user: 'jim' host: 'localhost' (init_connect command failed)
4.使用root用户连接测试
root@18374a493e56:~# mysql -uroot -proot
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 20
Server version: 8.0.21 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use information_schema;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
从上面的报错信息也能很快的判断出，是由于init_connect设置不合理导致的，可是这里很奇怪的是，普通用户会报错，root用户操作没有报错。弄不清楚为什么，于是就去看官方文档，看看官方文档是怎么描述的。
init_connect参数描述
For users that have the CONNECTION_ADMIN privilege (or the deprecated SUPER privilege), the content of init_connect is not executed. This is done so that an erroneous value for init_connect does not prevent all clients from connecting. For example, the value might contain a statement that has a syntax error, thus causing client connections to fail. Not executing init_connect for users that have the CONNECTION_ADMIN or SUPER privilege enables them to open a connection and fix the init_connect value.
这段话的大概意思是，当用户具有CONNECTION_ADMIN，SUPER权限用户登录时，是不需要执行init_connect参数的内容的，而不具备这些权限的用户登录时，需要执行init_connect参数的内容，当init_connect参数的内容语句有问题时，就会报错了，这就解释了为什么root用户没有问题，而普通用户发生了问题。
了解报错原因之后，需要修改init_connect的内容了，init_connect里的内容复制出来，如果在mysql command命令行里执行没有问题就可以了。
5.重新设置init_connect参数值
mysql> show variables like 'init_connect';
+---------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+--------------------+
| init_connect | sql_safe_updates=1 |
+---------------+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> set session sql_safe_updates=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global init_connect='set session sql_safe_updates=1';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'init_connect';
+---------------+--------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+--------------------------------+
| init_connect | set session sql_safe_updates=1 |
+---------------+--------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
6.使用普通用户jim再次连接测试
root@18374a493e56:~# mysql -ujim -pjim
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 21
Server version: 8.0.21 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use information_schema;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql>
mysql> show variables like 'sql_safe_updates';
+------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------+-------+
| sql_safe_updates | ON |
+------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
从测试结果可以看到，已经可以正常使用Mysql数据库了，而且参数sql_safe_updates也设置正确了。
总结
总之，生产操作无小事，大家在生产上执行任何操作时，一定要在测试环境充分验证之后，了解影响范围之后，方可上线操作，如文中操作，很可能会导致一次线上故障。
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/LAcSlcWPzGipZv6dgldOxw