PostgreSQL快捷命令SQL

\l+
查看所有数据库

SELECT d.datname as "Name",
       pg_catalog.pg_get_userbyid(d.datdba) as "Owner",
       pg_catalog.pg_encoding_to_char(d.encoding) as "Encoding",
       d.datcollate as "Collate",
       d.datctype as "Ctype",
       pg_catalog.array_to_string(d.datacl, E'\n') AS "Access privileges",
       CASE WHEN pg_catalog.has_database_privilege(d.datname, 'CONNECT')
            THEN pg_catalog.pg_size_pretty(pg_catalog.pg_database_size(d.datname))
            ELSE 'No Access'
       END as "Size",
       t.spcname as "Tablespace",
       pg_catalog.shobj_description(d.oid, 'pg_database') as "Description"
FROM pg_catalog.pg_database d
  JOIN pg_catalog.pg_tablespace t on d.dattablespace = t.oid
ORDER BY 1;

\d+
查看数据库表、视图、索引、序列等信息

SELECT n.nspname as "Schema",
  c.relname as "Name",
  CASE c.relkind WHEN 'r' THEN 'table' WHEN 'v' THEN 'view' WHEN 'm' THEN 'materialized view' WHEN 'i' THEN 'index' WHEN 'S' THEN 'sequence' WHEN 's' THEN 'special' WHEN 'f' THEN 'foreign table' WHEN 'p' THEN 'partitioned table' WHEN 'I' THEN 'partitioned index' END as "Type",
  pg_catalog.pg_get_userbyid(c.relowner) as "Owner",
  pg_catalog.pg_size_pretty(pg_catalog.pg_table_size(c.oid)) as "Size",
  pg_catalog.obj_description(c.oid, 'pg_class') as "Description"
FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
     LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
WHERE c.relkind IN ('r','p','v','m','S','f','')
      AND n.nspname <> 'pg_catalog'
      AND n.nspname <> 'information_schema'
      AND n.nspname !~ '^pg_toast'
  AND pg_catalog.pg_table_is_visible(c.oid)
ORDER BY 1,2;

\du+
列出所有的数据库用户和角色

SELECT r.rolname, r.rolsuper, r.rolinherit,
  r.rolcreaterole, r.rolcreatedb, r.rolcanlogin,
  r.rolconnlimit, r.rolvaliduntil,
  ARRAY(SELECT b.rolname
        FROM pg_catalog.pg_auth_members m
        JOIN pg_catalog.pg_roles b ON (m.roleid = b.oid)
        WHERE m.member = r.oid) as memberof
, pg_catalog.shobj_description(r.oid, 'pg_authid') AS description
, r.rolreplication
, r.rolbypassrls
FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles r
WHERE r.rolname !~ '^pg_'
ORDER BY 1;

\db+
表空间信息

SELECT spcname AS "Name",
  pg_catalog.pg_get_userbyid(spcowner) AS "Owner",
  pg_catalog.pg_tablespace_location(oid) AS "Location",
  pg_catalog.array_to_string(spcacl, E'\n') AS "Access privileges",
  spcoptions AS "Options",
  pg_catalog.pg_size_pretty(pg_catalog.pg_tablespace_size(oid)) AS "Size",
  pg_catalog.shobj_description(oid, 'pg_tablespace') AS "Description"
FROM pg_catalog.pg_tablespace
ORDER BY 1;

\dp+
显示表的权限分配情况

SELECT n.nspname as "Schema",
  c.relname as "Name",
  CASE c.relkind WHEN 'r' THEN 'table' WHEN 'v' THEN 'view' WHEN 'm' THEN 'materialized view' WHEN 'S' THEN 'sequence' WHEN 'f' THEN 'foreign table' WHEN 'p' THEN 'partitioned table' END as "Type",
  pg_catalog.array_to_string(c.relacl, E'\n') AS "Access privileges",
  pg_catalog.array_to_string(ARRAY(
    SELECT attname || E':\n  ' || pg_catalog.array_to_string(attacl, E'\n  ')
    FROM pg_catalog.pg_attribute a
    WHERE attrelid = c.oid AND NOT attisdropped AND attacl IS NOT NULL
  ), E'\n') AS "Column privileges",
  pg_catalog.array_to_string(ARRAY(
    SELECT polname
    || CASE WHEN NOT polpermissive THEN
       E' (RESTRICTIVE)'
       ELSE '' END
    || CASE WHEN polcmd != '*' THEN
           E' (' || polcmd || E'):'
       ELSE E':'
       END
    || CASE WHEN polqual IS NOT NULL THEN
           E'\n  (u): ' || pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(polqual, polrelid)
       ELSE E''
       END
    || CASE WHEN polwithcheck IS NOT NULL THEN
           E'\n  (c): ' || pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(polwithcheck, polrelid)
       ELSE E''
       END    || CASE WHEN polroles <> '{0}' THEN
           E'\n  to: ' || pg_catalog.array_to_string(
               ARRAY(
                   SELECT rolname
                   FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles
                   WHERE oid = ANY (polroles)
                   ORDER BY 1
               ), E', ')
       ELSE E''
       END
    FROM pg_catalog.pg_policy pol
    WHERE polrelid = c.oid), E'\n')
    AS "Policies"
FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
     LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
WHERE c.relkind IN ('r','v','m','S','f','p')
  AND n.nspname !~ '^pg_' AND pg_catalog.pg_table_is_visible(c.oid)
ORDER BY 1, 2;