QT对serialport库的应用实现串口助手的基本功能

通过QT对serialport库的应用，实现串口助手的功能，包括串口、波特率、数据位、校验方式、停止位的选择，还有数据的接收与发送。最后移植到开发板上运行。

界面效果如下图：



myserial.h

#ifndef MYSERIAL_H
#define MYSERIAL_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QSerialPortInfo>
#include <QSerialPort>

QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui {
    
     class MySerial; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class MySerial : public QWidget
{
    
    
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    MySerial(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~MySerial();

private slots:
    void on_pushButton_openclose_clicked();
    //接收串口数据槽函数
    void readData();

    void on_pushButton_send_clicked();

private:
    Ui::MySerial *ui;
    //串口类
    QSerialPort *ser;
};
#endif // MYSERIAL_H

myserial.cpp

#include "myserial.h"
#include "ui_myserial.h"
#include <QDebug>

MySerial::MySerial(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::MySerial)
{
    
    
    ui->setupUi(this);

    //获取系统所有可用的串口
    foreach(const QSerialPortInfo &info,QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts()){
    
    
        qDebug()<<info.portName()<<info.description();
        //ui->comboBox_serialport->addItem(info.portName());
        QSerialPort serial(info);
        //测试串口是否可用
        if(serial.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite)){
    
    //空闲
            //将串口名加入选项列表
            ui->comboBox_serialport->addItem(serial.portName());
            //关闭串口
            serial.close();
        }
        else{
    
    //被占用
            ui->comboBox_serialport->addItem(serial.portName()+"(被占用)");
        }
    }

    ui->pushButton_send->setEnabled(false);
}

MySerial::~MySerial()
{
    
    
    delete ui;
}

//打开/关闭串口
void MySerial::on_pushButton_openclose_clicked()
{
    
    
    if(ui->pushButton_openclose->text()=="打 开 串 口"){
    
    //打开
        ser = new QSerialPort(ui->comboBox_serialport->currentText(),this);
        //打开串口
        if(!ser->open(QIODevice::ReadWrite)){
    
    
            qDebug()<<"打开失败";
            ser->deleteLater();
            return;
        }

        //设置波特率
        switch (ui->comboBox_baudrate->currentIndex()) {
    
    
            case 0:
                ser->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud2400);
                break;
            case 1:
                ser->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud4800);
                break;
            case 2:
                ser->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud9600);
                break;
            case 3:
                ser->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud38400);
                break;
            case 4:
                ser->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud115200);
                break;
        }

        //设置数据位位数
        switch (ui->comboBox_databits->currentIndex()) {
    
    
            case 0:
                ser->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data5);
                break;
            case 1:
                ser->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data6);
                break;
            case 2:
                ser->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data7);
                break;
            case 3:
                ser->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data8);
                break;
        }

        //设置校验位
        switch (ui->comboBox_parity->currentIndex()) {
    
    
            case 0:
                ser->setParity(QSerialPort::NoParity);
                break;
            case 1:
                ser->setParity(QSerialPort::OddParity);
                break;
            case 2:
                ser->setParity(QSerialPort::EvenParity);
                break;
        }

        //设置停止位
        switch (ui->comboBox_parity->currentIndex()) {
    
    
        case 0:
            ser->setStopBits(QSerialPort::OneStop);
            break;
        case 1:
            ser->setStopBits(QSerialPort::TwoStop);
            break;
        }

        //关闭流控
        ser->setFlowControl(QSerialPort::NoFlowControl);

        //关闭选项菜单
        ui->comboBox_parity->setEnabled(false);
        ui->comboBox_baudrate->setEnabled(false);
        ui->comboBox_databits->setEnabled(false);
        ui->comboBox_stopbits->setEnabled(false);
        ui->comboBox_serialport->setEnabled(false);
        ui->pushButton_send->setEnabled(true);

        //修改按钮显示
        ui->pushButton_openclose->setText("关 闭 串 口");

        //连接信号和槽
        QObject::connect(ser,&QSerialPort::readyRead,this,&MySerial::readData);
    }
    else{
    
    //关闭
        ser->clear();
        ser->close();
        ser->deleteLater();

        ui->comboBox_parity->setEnabled(true);
        ui->comboBox_baudrate->setEnabled(true);
        ui->comboBox_databits->setEnabled(true);
        ui->comboBox_stopbits->setEnabled(true);
        ui->comboBox_serialport->setEnabled(true);
        ui->pushButton_send->setEnabled(false);

        ui->pushButton_openclose->setText("打 开 串 口");

    }
}

//接收数据
void MySerial::readData()
{
    
    
    //接收所有数据
    QByteArray data = ser->readAll();

    if(!data.isEmpty()){
    
    
        ui->textBrowser->append(QString(data));
    }

    //data.clear();
}

//发送数据
void MySerial::on_pushButton_send_clicked()
{
    
    
    //获取要发送的数据
    QByteArray data = ui->textEdit->toPlainText().toUtf8();
    ser->write(data);
}

main.cpp

#include "myserial.h"

#include <QApplication>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    
    
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    MySerial w;
    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}

完整工程代码：https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_43793181/13502395