准备
IDE：
Android Studio 4.1.1
Build #AI-201.8743.12.41.6953283, built on November 5, 2020
Runtime version: 1.8.0_242-release-1644-b01 amd64
VM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM by JetBrains s.r.o
Windows 10 10.0
Android Virtual Device：
Name: Pixel_2_API_28
CPU/ABI: Google Play Intel Atom (x86)
Path: C:\Users\86188\.android\avd\Pixel_2_API_28.avd
Target: google_apis_playstore [Google Play] (API level 28)
Skin: pixel_2
SD Card: 512M
fastboot.chosenSnapshotFile:
runtime.network.speed: full
hw.accelerometer: yes
hw.device.name: pixel_2
hw.lcd.width: 1080
hw.initialOrientation: Portrait
image.androidVersion.api: 28
tag.id: google_apis_playstore
hw.mainKeys: no
hw.camera.front: emulated
avd.ini.displayname: Pixel 2 API 28
hw.gpu.mode: auto
hw.ramSize: 1536
PlayStore.enabled: true
fastboot.forceColdBoot: no
hw.cpu.ncore: 4
hw.keyboard: yes
hw.sensors.proximity: yes
hw.dPad: no
hw.lcd.height: 1920
vm.heapSize: 256
skin.dynamic: yes
hw.device.manufacturer: Google
hw.gps: yes
hw.audioInput: yes
image.sysdir.1: system-images\android-28\google_apis_playstore\x86\
showDeviceFrame: yes
hw.camera.back: virtualscene
AvdId: Pixel_2_API_28
hw.lcd.density: 420
hw.arc: false
hw.device.hash2: MD5:55acbc835978f326788ed66a5cd4c9a7
fastboot.forceChosenSnapshotBoot: no
fastboot.forceFastBoot: yes
hw.trackBall: no
hw.battery: yes
hw.sdCard: yes
tag.display: Google Play
runtime.network.latency: none
disk.dataPartition.size: 6442450944
hw.sensors.orientation: yes
avd.ini.encoding: UTF-8
hw.gpu.enabled: yes
注意：以下示例仅在安卓虚拟设备上运行测试，并没有在真实的设备上运行测试。
请求应用权限
新建项目，选择 Empty Activity，在配置项目时，我选择的 Minimum SDK 是 API 23: Android 6.0 (Marshmallow)。
build.gradle 文件（默认）：
plugins {
id 'com.android.application'
}
android {
compileSdkVersion 30
buildToolsVersion "30.0.3"
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.mk"
minSdkVersion 23
targetSdkVersion 30
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
compileOptions {
sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
}
}
dependencies {
implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0'
implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.1.0'
implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.+'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.1'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.2.0'
}
编辑 src\main\AndroidManifest.xml 应用清单，列出应用需要的权限（第 3 ~ 4 行）：
<manifest ...>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
...
</manifest>
编辑 src\main\res\layout\activity_main.xml 布局文件，删除原有的 TextView 元素，新增 Button 元素（第 9 ~ 19）：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<Button
android:id="@+id/button"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="16dp"
android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="16dp"
android:text="Request App Permissions"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
MainActivity 文件：
package com.mk;
import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private static final int REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS = 1;
private Context context;
private Activity activity;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
context = getApplicationContext();
activity = this;
String[] permissions = new String[] {
Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE }; // 应用需要的权限
Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
for (String permission : permissions) {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, permission) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity, permissions, REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS); // 请求权限
// requestPermissions(permissions, REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS); // Call requires API level 23
break;
}
}
}
});
}
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
// super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
Log.d("MainActivity", "onRequestPermissionsResult: " + Arrays.toString(permissions));
Log.d("MainActivity", "onRequestPermissionsResult: " + Arrays.toString(grantResults));
if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS) {
for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++) {
if (grantResults[i] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// 用户授予的权限
switch (permissions[i]) {
case Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO:
Log.d("MainActivity", "onRequestPermissionsResult: " + Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO + " is granted");
break;
case Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE:
Log.d("MainActivity", "onRequestPermissionsResult: " + Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE + " is granted");
break;
}
} else {
// 用户拒绝的权限
switch (permissions[i]) {
case Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO:
Log.d("MainActivity", "onRequestPermissionsResult: " + Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO + " is denied");
break;
case Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE:
Log.d("MainActivity", "onRequestPermissionsResult: " + Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE + " is denied");
break;
}
}
}
}
}
}
运行效果，以及日志输出：
