springboot(18)——Shiro

1 Shiro的快速入门

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1f2CfqSB2FqKBf3uDW0XPRg
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1.Shiro简介
什么是权限管理？
权限管理属于系统安全的范畴，权限管理实现对用户访问系统的控制。权限管理包括身份认证和授权两部分。对于需要访问控制资源的用户首先经过身份认证，认证通过后用户具有该资源的访问权限才可访问。

什么是Shiro?
Shiro是一个Java的安全（权限）框架，相对简单，对比Spring Security,没有Spring Security的功能强大。但是实际工作中可能不需要那么复杂 的东西，所以使用小而简单的Shiro就够了。其不仅适用于JavaSE环境，也适用于JavaEE环境。Shiro可以完成认证，授权，加密，会话管理，web集成，缓存等。

三大核心组件
Shiro有三大核心组件，即Subject、SecurityManager和Realm

Subject: 为认证主体。应用代码直接交互的对象是Subject,Subject代表了当前的用户。包含Principals和Credentials两个信息。
Pricipals:代表身份。可以是用户名、邮件、手机号码等等，用来标识一个登陆主题的身份。
Credentials:代表凭证。常见的有密码、数字证书等等。
也就是说两者代表了认证的内容，最常见就是用户名密码了。用Shiro进行身份认证，其中就包括主体认证。

SecurityManager:为安全管理员。是Shiro架构的核心。与Subject的所有交互都会委托给SecurityManager, Subject相当于是一个门面，而SecurityManager才是真正的执行者。Shiro通过SecurityManager来管理内部组件实例，并通过它来提供安全管理的各种服务。

Realm提供待验证数据的比对值，即安全数据源,可以理解为数据的源头，可以是数据库，文件等。Shiro从Realm获取安全数据（如用户、角色、权限），就是说SecurityManager要验证用户身份，那么它需要从Realm获取相应的用户进行比较以确定用户身份是否合法；也需要从Realm得到用户相应的角色/权限进行验证用户是否能进行操作。

git源码：https://github.com/apache/shiro
1 依赖导入

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-shrio</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.example</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>hello-shrio</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- configure logging -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

2 配置文件

log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m %n

# General Apache libraries
log4j.logger.org.apache=WARN

# Spring
log4j.logger.org.springframework=WARN

# Default Shiro logging
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro=INFO

# Disable verbose logging
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.util.ThreadContext=WARN
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCache=WARN

shiro.ini

[users]
# user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' role
root = secret, admin
# user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' role
guest = guest, guest
# user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on
# my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'
presidentskroob = 12345, president
# user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'
darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz
# user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'
lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Roles with assigned permissions
#
# Each line conforms to the format defined in the
# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[roles]
# 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'
admin = *
# The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:
schwartz = lightsaber:*
# The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with
# license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)
goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5

Quickstart.java

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;

import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;

import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;


/**
 * Simple Quickstart application showing how to use Shiro's API.
 *
 * @since 0.9 RC2
 */
public class Quickstart {
    
    

    private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);


    public static void main(String[] args) {
    
    

        // The easiest way to create a Shiro SecurityManager with configured
        // realms, users, roles and permissions is to use the simple INI config.
        // We'll do that by using a factory that can ingest a .ini file and
        // return a SecurityManager instance:

        // Use the shiro.ini file at the root of the classpath
        // (file: and url: prefixes load from files and urls respectively):
        Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
        SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();

        // for this simple example quickstart, make the SecurityManager
        // accessible as a JVM singleton.  Most applications wouldn't do this
        // and instead rely on their container configuration or web.xml for
        // webapps.  That is outside the scope of this simple quickstart, so
        // we'll just do the bare minimum so you can continue to get a feel
        // for things.
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);

        // Now that a simple Shiro environment is set up, let's see what you can do:

        // get the currently executing user:
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();

        // Do some stuff with a Session (no need for a web or EJB container!!!)
        Session session = currentUser.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
        String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
        if (value.equals("aValue")) {
    
    
            log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");
        }

        // let's login the current user so we can check against roles and permissions:
        // 当前的用户是否被认证 ：身份认证
        if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
    
    
            // Token : 令牌 没有获取 随机
            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
            token.setRememberMe(true); // 设置记住我
            try {
    
    
                // 执行登录操作~
                currentUser.login(token);
            } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
    
      //
                log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
            } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
    
    
                log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
            } catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
    
    
                log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +
                        "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
            }
            // ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?
            catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
    
     // 认证异常
                //unexpected condition?  error?
            }
        }

        //say who they are:
        //print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):
        log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");

        //test a role:
        if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
    
    
            log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
        } else {
    
    
            log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
        }

        //test a typed permission (not instance-level)
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {
    
    
            log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");
        } else {
    
    
            log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
        }

        //a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
    
    
            log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +
                    "Here are the keys - have fun!");
        } else {
    
    
            log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
        }

        //all done - log out!
        currentUser.logout();

        System.exit(0);
    }
}

其中特别注意：

2 Springboot集成shiro

1 环境的搭建

依赖导入

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.2</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.zs</groupId>
    <artifactId>shiro-springboot</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>shiro-springboot</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

<!--        subject 用户
            SecurityManager 管理所有用户
            Realm 连接数据
-->
<!--           shiro 整合spring包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8time</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

配置文件
ShiroConfig.java

package com.zs.config;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.StdKeySerializers;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

@Controller
public class ShiroConfig {
    
    

    // shiroFilterFactoryBean 第三步
    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("getDefaultWebSecurityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager) {
    
    
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        // 设置安全管理器
        bean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        return bean;
    }

    // DefaultWebSecurityManager 第二步
    @Bean
    public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm) {
    
    
        DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        // 关联realm
        securityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
        return securityManager;
    }
    // 创建realm 对象，需要自定义 第一步
    @Bean
    public UserRealm userRealm() {
    
    
        return new UserRealm();
    }
}

UserRealm.java

package com.zs.config;

import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;

// 自定义UserRealm
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
    
    

    // 授权:限获取（getAuthorizationInfo 方法） 获取指定身份的权限，并返回相关信息
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
    
    
        System.out.println("执行了=>授权doGetAuthorizationInfo");
        return null;
    }

    // 认证:身份验证（getAuthenticationInfo 方法）验证账户和密码，并返回相关信息
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
    
    
        System.out.println("执行了=>认证doGetAuthenticationInfo");
        return null;
    }
}

MyController.java

package com.zs.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class MyController {
    
    
    @RequestMapping({
    
    "/","/index"})
    public String toIndex(Model model) {
    
    
        model.addAttribute("msg","hello,shiro");
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/add")
    public String add() {
    
    
        return "user/add";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/update")
    public String update() {
    
    
        return "user/update";
    }

}

环境测试

3 登录拦截

ShiroConfig.java

package com.zs.config;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.StdKeySerializers;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;

@Controller
public class ShiroConfig {
    
    

    // shiroFilterFactoryBean 第三步
    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("getDefaultWebSecurityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager) {
    
    
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        // 设置安全管理器
        bean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);

        // 添加shiro的内置过滤器
        // anon:无需认证就可以访问
        // authc:必须认证才能访问
        // user:必须拥有记住我 才能访问
        // perms：拥有对某个资源的权限才能访问
        // role:拥有某个角色权限才能访问

        HashMap<String, String> filterChainDefinitionMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/user/*","authc");
        bean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterChainDefinitionMap);

        // 设置登录的请求
        bean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
        return bean;
    }

    // DefaultWebSecurityManager 第二步
    @Bean
    public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm) {
    
    
        DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        // 关联realm
        securityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
        return securityManager;
    }
    // 创建realm 对象，需要自定义 第一步
    @Bean
    public UserRealm userRealm() {
    
    
        return new UserRealm();
    }
}

MyController.class

    @RequestMapping("/toLogin")
    public String toLogin() {
    
    
        return "login";
    }

login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录</h1>
<form action="">
    <p>用户名：<input type="text" name="username"> </p>
    <p>密码：<input type="text" name="password"></p>
    <p><input type="submit"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

登录拦截流程

实现用户认证

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<p th:text="${msg}"></p>
<a th:href="@{/user/add}">add</a>
<a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
</body>
</html>

login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录</h1>
<p th:text="${msg}"></p>
<form th:action="@{/login}">
    <p>用户名：<input type="text" name="username"> </p>
    <p>密码：<input type="text" name="password"></p>
    <p><input type="submit"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

MyController.java

package com.zs.controller;

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class MyController {
    
    
    @RequestMapping({
    
    "/","/index"})
    public String toIndex(Model model) {
    
    
        model.addAttribute("msg","hello,shiro");
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/add")
    public String add() {
    
    
        return "user/add";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/update")
    public String update() {
    
    
        return "user/update";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/toLogin")
    public String toLogin() {
    
    
        return "login";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/login")
    public String login(String username , String password , Model model) {
    
    
        // 获取当前用户
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        // 封装用户的登录数据
        UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username,password);
        // 执行登录的方法，如果没有异常就说明ok
        try {
    
    
            subject.login(token);
            return "index";
        }catch (UnknownAccountException e) {
    
     //用户名不存在
            model.addAttribute("msg","用户名错误");
            return "login";
        }catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e) {
    
    
            model.addAttribute("msg","密码错误");
            return "login";
        }

    }

}

UserRealm.java

package com.zs.config;

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;

// 自定义UserRealm
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
    
    

    // 授权
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
    
    
        System.out.println("执行了=>授权doGetAuthorizationInfo");
        return null;
    }

    // 认证
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
    
    
        System.out.println("执行了=>doGetAuthenticationInfo");
        // 用户名，密码~ 数据库中取
        String name="root";
        String password = "123456";
        UsernamePasswordToken userToken= (UsernamePasswordToken)token;
        if (!userToken.getUsername().equals(name)) {
    
    
            return null; //抛出异常 UnknownAccountException
        }
        // 密码认证 shiro做
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",password,"");
    }
}

流程

整合mybatis
依赖注入

<dependency>
   <groupId>mysql</groupId>
   <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
   <version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
   <groupId>log4j</groupId>
   <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
   <version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
   <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
   <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
   <version>1.1.21</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
   <version>2.1.1</version>
</dependency>

application.yaml

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: root
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    #Spring Boot 默认是不注入这些属性值的，需要自己绑定
    #druid 数据源专有配置
    initialSize: 5
    minIdle: 5
    maxActive: 20
    maxWait: 60000
    timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
    minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
    validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
    testWhileIdle: true
    testOnBorrow: false
    testOnReturn: false
    poolPreparedStatements: true

    #配置监控统计拦截的filters，stat:监控统计、log4j：日志记录、wall：防御sql注入
    #如果允许时报错  java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Priority
    #则导入 log4j 依赖即可，Maven 地址：https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j
    filters: stat,wall,log4j
    maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20
    useGlobalDataSourceStat: true
    connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.zs.pojo
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml

结构

4 请求授权

授权

流程


其中 执行了=>doGetAuthenticationInfo


补充

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
                xmlns:shiro="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-shiro">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<div th:if="${session.loginUser==null}">
    <a th:href="@{/toLogin}">登录</a>
</div>
<p th:text="${msg}"></p>
<div shiro:hasPermission="user:add">
    <a th:href="@{/user/add}">add</a>
</div>

<div shiro:hasPermission="user:update">
    <a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
</div>

</body>
</html>