【引言】
今天接到一小活，Linux 7.X上的一套RAC环境，因某种原因，节点1 RAC1需要重启服务器，业务还不能中断。
业务不中断？这不正是RAC应该干的事吗！！！解决方案为：将节点1上的监听、实例停掉后，再关闭节点1的集群服务即可。
好长时间没有操作集群，主要是RAC环境太稳定，没发挥机会，很多命令记得不是很熟悉，一路下来基本靠-help。好记性步入烂笔头，本文将操作步骤记录下来，以备后续查阅。
正文如下：
这里先点一下，RAC关闭的合理顺序：
停止各节点的监听服务–>>关闭数据库(实例)–>>关闭节点集群服务–>>关闭服务器
注意：
退出所有的客户端连接，如SQLplus …
因本文是关闭单节点，故操作步骤如下：
停止节点1的监听服务–>>关闭数据库(实例)–>>关闭节点集群服务CRS–>>关闭服务器
注意：本案例中crsctl命令在root的path中做了声明，故crsctl命令均使用root执行，
[root@dbts-rac1 ~]# which crsctl
/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl
1.先检查集群运行状态（root用户或者grid用户），命令为crs_stat -t -v或者crsctl stat res -t
root@dbts-rac1 ~]#crs_stat -t -v
Name Type R/RA F/FT Target State Host
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type 0/5 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora....VOTE.dg ora....up.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora....ARCH.dg ora....up.type 1/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora....ATA1.dg ora....up.type 1/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora....ATA2.dg ora....up.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora.asm ora.asm.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora....dbdb.db ora....se.type 0/2 0/1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora....sdbt.db ora....se.type 0/2 0/1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora....SM1.asm application 0/5 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora....C1.lsnr application 0/5 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora....ac1.gsd application 0/5 0/0 OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....ac1.ons application 0/3 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora....ac1.vip ora....t1.type 0/0 1/0 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora....SM2.asm application 0/5 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora....C2.lsnr application 0/5 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora....ac2.gsd application 0/5 0/0 OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....ac2.ons application 0/3 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora....ac2.vip ora....t1.type 0/0 1/0 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.dbts.db ora....se.type 0/2 0/1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora....atbi.db ora....se.type 0/2 1/1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora....tetl.db ora....se.type 0/2 1/1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora.cvu ora.cvu.type 0/5 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora.gsd ora.gsd.type 0/5 0/ OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....network ora....rk.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora.oc4j ora.oc4j.type 0/1 0/2 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora.ons ora.ons.type 0/3 0/ ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora.scan1.vip ora....ip.type 0/0 0/0 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
[root@dbts-rac1 ~]# crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.OCR_VOTE.dg
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.ORA_ARCH.dg
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.ORA_DATA1.dg
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.ORA_DATA2.dg
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1 Started
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2 Started
ora.gsd
OFFLINE OFFLINE dbts-rac1
OFFLINE OFFLINE dbts-rac2
ora.net1.network
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.ons
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora.dbts-rac1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora.dbts-rac2.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.dbts.db
1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1 Open
2 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2 Open
ora.cvu
1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora.oc4j
1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
ora.scan1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac1
[root@dbts-rac1 ~]#
注意：
个人比较喜欢使用crsctl stat res -t，原因是显示结果清晰明了，不像crs_stat -t -v 显示结果挤在一起，结果显示不友好。
2.停节点1的监听服务（oracle用户操作）
[oracle@dbts-rac2 ~]$ srvctl stop listener -n dbts-rac1
停止后状态查看
[oracle@dbts-rac1 ~]$ srvctl status listener -n dbts-rac1
Listener LISTENER is enabled on node(s): dbts-rac1
Listener LISTENER is not running on node(s): dbts-rac1
- 检查实例运行状态，以实例dbts为例
本案例中db_unique_name为dbts，检查方式为：
SYS@dbts2> show parameter unique
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_unique_name string dbts
查看两节点上数据库实例运行状态
[oracle@dbts-rac1 ~]$ srvctl status database -d dbts
Instance dbts1 is running on node dbts-rac1
Instance dbts2 is running on node dbts-rac2
关闭节点1上的实例，两种方式：
方式1: 指定实例名称dbts1
[oracle@dbts-rac1 ~]$ srvctl stop instance -d dbts -i dbts1 -o immediate
方式2: 指定节点名称
[oracle@dbts-rac1 ~]$ srvctl stop instance -d dbts -n dbts-rac1 -o immediate
查看实例状态，发现节点1上的实例已经关闭
[oracle@dbts-rac2 dbs]$ srvctl status database -d dbts
Instance dbts1 is not running on node dbts-rac1
Instance dbts2 is running on node dbts-rac2
- 检查集群运行状态
方式1：检查本节点集群运行状态
[root@dbts-rac1 ~]# crsctl check crs
CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
方式2：crsctl check cluster -all
[root@dbts-rac1 ~]# crsctl check cluster -all
**************************************************************
dbts-rac1:
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
**************************************************************
dbts-rac2:
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
**************************************************************
- 停止节点1的集群服务
[root@dbts-rac1 ~]# crsctl stop crs
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.crsd' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2790: Starting shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.oc4j' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.OCR_VOTE.dg' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.ORA_DATA2.dg' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.ORA_ARCH.dg' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.ORA_DATA1.dg' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cvu' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.dbts-rac1.vip' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cvu' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cvu' on 'dbts-rac2'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.scan1.vip' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.ORA_ARCH.dg' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cvu' on 'dbts-rac2' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.ORA_DATA2.dg' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.ORA_DATA1.dg' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.dbts-rac1.vip' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.dbts-rac1.vip' on 'dbts-rac2'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.scan1.vip' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.scan1.vip' on 'dbts-rac2'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.dbts-rac1.vip' on 'dbts-rac2' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.oc4j' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.oc4j' on 'dbts-rac2'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.scan1.vip' on 'dbts-rac2' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr' on 'dbts-rac2'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr' on 'dbts-rac2' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.OCR_VOTE.dg' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.asm' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.asm' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.oc4j' on 'dbts-rac2' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.ons' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.ons' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.net1.network' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.net1.network' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2792: Shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources on 'dbts-rac1' has completed
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.crsd' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.crf' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.ctssd' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.evmd' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.asm' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.mdnsd' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.ctssd' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.mdnsd' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.evmd' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.asm' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cssd' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cssd' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.crf' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gipcd' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gipcd' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gpnpd' on 'dbts-rac1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gpnpd' on 'dbts-rac1' succeeded
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'dbts-rac1' has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped
[root@dbts-rac1 ~]# crsctl check has
CRS-4639: Could not contact Oracle High Availability Services
[root@dbts-rac1 ~]# crsctl config has
CRS-4622: Oracle High Availability Services autostart is enabled.
这里可以设置has为开机不可用，后续再开启has；也可以先不用disable has
[root@dbts-rac1 ~]# crsctl disable has
CRS-4621: Oracle High Availability Services autostart is disabled.
节点1上集群成功停止
再次检查节点1 集群状态
[root@dbts-rac1 ~]# crsctl check cluster -all
CRS-4639: Could not contact Oracle High Availability Services
CRS-4000: Command Check failed, or completed with errors.
[root@dbts-rac1 ~]# crsctl check has
CRS-4639: Could not contact Oracle High Availability Services
这里看到节点1上的集群已经停止，crsctl命令已经不能使运行；此刻只能在节点2上查看集群状态
[root@dbts-rac2 ~]# crsctl check crs
CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
[root@dbts-rac2 ~]# crsctl check cluster -all
**************************************************************
dbts-rac2:
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
**************************************************************
可以看到，节点2上集群在正常运行，crsctl check cluster -all已经看不到节点1的运行信息。
使用如下命令查看节点2上的集群接管所有服务，原本节点1上的服务处于offline状态。
[root@dbts-rac2 ~]# crsctl status res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.OCR_VOTE.dg
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.ORA_ARCH.dg
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.ORA_DATA1.dg
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.ORA_DATA2.dg
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2 Started
ora.gsd
OFFLINE OFFLINE dbts-rac2
ora.net1.network
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.ons
ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.crmprdbdb.db
1 OFFLINE OFFLINE Instance Shutdown
2 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2 Open
ora.crmprdsdbt.db
1 OFFLINE OFFLINE Instance Shutdown
2 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2 Open
ora.dbts-rac1.vip
1 ONLINE INTERMEDIATE dbts-rac2 FAILED OVER
ora.dbts-rac2.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.dbts.db
1 OFFLINE OFFLINE Instance Shutdown
2 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2 Open
ora.crmuatbi.db
1 OFFLINE OFFLINE Instance Shutdown
2 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2 Open
ora.crmuatetl.db
1 OFFLINE OFFLINE Instance Shutdown
2 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2 Open
ora.cvu
1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.oc4j
1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
ora.scan1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE dbts-rac2
在节点2上查看集群服务，可以看到节点1上的相关服务也已经关闭；VIP也已经切换至节点2。
ok，上述单节点1的集群已经正常关闭；达到本文停止单节点服务的目的。
这里再抛出一个问题，节点1集群正常关闭，但是否能够正常拉起来呐？
是不是还不太确定，怎么确定，手动拉一次呗，演练一次更放心。
使用#crsctl start crs命令进行重新拉起。
节点1上root用户操作
[root@dbts-rac1 ~]# crsctl start crs
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started
执行完上述命令后，立刻通过crsctl命令来检查集群状态，会报错如下。
[root@dbts-rac1 ~]# crsctl check crs
CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online
CRS-4535: Cannot communicate with Cluster Ready Services
CRS-4530: Communications failure contacting Cluster Synchronization Services daemon
CRS-4534: Cannot communicate with Event Manager
[root@dbts-rac1 ~]# crsctl check cluster -all
**************************************************************
dbts-rac1:
CRS-4535: Cannot communicate with Cluster Ready Services
CRS-4530: Communications failure contacting Cluster Synchronization Services daemon
CRS-4534: Cannot communicate with Event Manager
**************************************************************
dbts-rac2:
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
**************************************************************
为什么会出现上述crs集群检查错误？
因为CRS集群还没有拉起来啊，集群的启动是有一个过程的，等一会即可，本案例大概等了一分钟。
这里要吐槽下：
crsctl stop crs关闭集群时，有每一步的执行过程，使用crsctl start crs 除了CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started外却没有更多提示，不友好。
一分钟后，再次检查集群状态，ok了
[root@dbts-rac1 ~]# crsctl check cluster -all
**************************************************************
dbts-rac1:
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
**************************************************************
dbts-rac2:
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
**************************************************************
至此，RAC单节点服务器停止，搞定。
【总结】
1.本文记录了一次RAC单节点关闭的操作过程，重启过程反演即可。
2.很少敲集群命令，手生了很多，还是得常敲常练。
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