.NET Core开发部署

前言

本文将介绍在Windows 10操作系统上，用Visual Studio 2019开发一个基于MySQL数据库的WebApi项目，并发布到银河麒麟高级服务器操作系统V10上的详细过程。

---

一、创建.NET Core 3.1 WebApi项目

1. 创建项目，选择ASP.NET Core Web应用程序

2. 确认项目名称后，选择创建

3. 选择.NET Core框架，ASP.NET Core 3.1版本，选择API项目类型，点击创建

4. 按下图，打开NuGet管理界面

5. 切换到浏览标签

6. 安装Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools 3.1.9

7. 参考上述方法，依次完成安装：

Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore 3.1.9

MySql.Data.EntityFrameworkCore 8.0.22

8. 更新NuGet数据库

按照下图程序包管理打开控制台

输入Update-Database

二、反向工程，生成EntityFramework相关类

1. 本地已准备好MySQL8数据库sbtest，其中表结果及数据如下

1. DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sbtest1`;

2. CREATE TABLE `sbtest1` (

3. `id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

4. `k` int NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',

5. `c` char(120) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

6. `pad` char(60) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

7. PRIMARY KEY (`id`),

8. KEY `k_1` (`k`)

9. ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1000003 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

10.  
11.  

12. LOCK TABLES `sbtest1` WRITE;

13. INSERT INTO `sbtest1` VALUES (1000001,1,'1','1'),(1000002,2,'2','2');

14. UNLOCK TABLES;

2. 打开cmd，切换到当前项目目录下。检查dotnet版本信息，参考如下

1. C:\Users\yidam>cd "C:\Users\yidam\source\repos\WebApplication1\WebApplication1"

2.  

3. C:\Users\yidam\source\repos\WebApplication1\WebApplication1>dotnet --info

4. .NET SDK (反映任何 global.json):

5. Version: 5.0.100

6. Commit: 5044b93829

7.  

8. 运行时环境:

9. OS Name: Windows

10. OS Version: 10.0.14393

11. OS Platform: Windows

12. RID: win10-x64

13. Base Path: C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk\5.0.100\

14.  

15. Host (useful for support):

16. Version: 5.0.0

17. Commit: cf258a14b7

18.  

19. .NET SDKs installed:

20. 2.1.518 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]

21. 3.1.403 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]

22. 5.0.100 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]

23.  

24. .NET runtimes installed:

25. Microsoft.AspNetCore.All 2.1.22 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.All]

26. Microsoft.AspNetCore.All 2.1.23 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.All]

27. Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 2.1.22 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]

28. Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 2.1.23 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]

29. Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 3.1.9 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]

30. Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 5.0.0 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]

31. Microsoft.NETCore.App 2.1.22 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]

32. Microsoft.NETCore.App 2.1.23 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]

33. Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.9 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]

34. Microsoft.NETCore.App 5.0.0 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]

35. Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 3.1.9 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]

36. Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App 5.0.0 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.WindowsDesktop.App]

37.  

38. To install additional .NET runtimes or SDKs:

39. https://aka.ms/dotnet-download

40.  

41. C:\Users\yidam\source\repos\WebApplication1\WebApplication1>

3. 执行反向工程指令

dotnet ef dbcontext scaffold "server=localhost;port=3306;database=sbtest;uid=root;pwd=abcDEF123___;CharSet=utf8mb4" Pomelo.EntityFrameworkCore.Mysql -f -o Models

结果

1. C:\Users\yidam\source\repos\WebApplication1\WebApplication1>dotnet ef dbcontext scaffold "server=localhost;port=3306;database=sbtest;uid=root;pwd=abcDEF123___;CharSet=utf8mb4" Pomelo.EntityFrameworkCore.Mysql -f -o Models

2. Build started...

3. Build succeeded.

此时项目自动生成了一个Models目录，结构如下

其中

Efmigrationshistory.cs

1. using System;

2. using System.Collections.Generic;

3.  

4. namespace WebApplication1.Models

5. {

6. public partial class Efmigrationshistory

7. {

8. public string MigrationId { get; set; }

9. public string ProductVersion { get; set; }

10. }

11. }

Sbtest1.cs

1. using System;

2. using System.Collections.Generic;

3.  

4. namespace WebApplication1.Models

5. {

6. public partial class Sbtest1

7. {

8. public int Id { get; set; }

9. public int K { get; set; }

10. public string C { get; set; }

11. public string Pad { get; set; }

12. }

13. }

sbtestContext.cs

1. using System;

2. using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;

3. using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Metadata;

4.  

5. namespace WebApplication1.Models

6. {

7. public partial class sbtestContext : DbContext

8. {

9. public sbtestContext()

10. {

11. }

12.  

13. public sbtestContext(DbContextOptions<sbtestContext> options)

14. : base(options)

15. {

16. }

17.  

18. public virtual DbSet<Efmigrationshistory> Efmigrationshistory { get; set; }

19. public virtual DbSet<Sbtest1> Sbtest1 { get; set; }

20.  

21. protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)

22. {

23. if (!optionsBuilder.IsConfigured)

24. {

25. #warning To protect potentially sensitive information in your connection string, you should move it out of source code. See http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=723263 for guidance on storing connection strings.

26. optionsBuilder.UseMySql("server=localhost;port=3306;database=sbtest;uid=root;pwd=abcDEF123___;charset=utf8mb4", x => x.ServerVersion("8.0.22-mysql"));

27. }

28. }

29.  

30. protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)

31. {

32. modelBuilder.Entity<Efmigrationshistory>(entity =>

33. {

34. entity.HasKey(e => e.MigrationId)

35. .HasName("PRIMARY");

36.  

37. entity.ToTable("__efmigrationshistory");

38.  

39. entity.Property(e => e.MigrationId)

40. .HasColumnType("varchar(150)")

41. .HasCharSet("utf8mb4")

42. .HasCollation("utf8mb4_bin");

43.  

44. entity.Property(e => e.ProductVersion)

45. .IsRequired()

46. .HasColumnType("varchar(32)")

47. .HasCharSet("utf8mb4")

48. .HasCollation("utf8mb4_bin");

49. });

50.  

51. modelBuilder.Entity<Sbtest1>(entity =>

52. {

53. entity.ToTable("sbtest1");

54.  

55. entity.HasIndex(e => e.K)

56. .HasName("k_1");

57.  

58. entity.Property(e => e.Id).HasColumnName("id");

59.  

60. entity.Property(e => e.C)

61. .IsRequired()

62. .HasColumnName("c")

63. .HasColumnType("char(120)")

64. .HasDefaultValueSql("''")

65. .HasCharSet("utf8mb4")

66. .HasCollation("utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci");

67.  

68. entity.Property(e => e.K).HasColumnName("k");

69.  

70. entity.Property(e => e.Pad)

71. .IsRequired()

72. .HasColumnName("pad")

73. .HasColumnType("char(60)")

74. .HasDefaultValueSql("''")

75. .HasCharSet("utf8mb4")

76. .HasCollation("utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci");

77. });

78.  

79. OnModelCreatingPartial(modelBuilder);

80. }

81.  

82. partial void OnModelCreatingPartial(ModelBuilder modelBuilder);

83. }

84. }

三、添加控制器

1. 右键Controllers目录，添加一个控制器

2. 选择“MVC 控制器 - 空”

选择“API 控制器 - 空”

3. 编辑ValuesController.cs内容如下

1. using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;

2. using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

3. using System;

4. using System.Collections.Generic;

5. using System.Linq;

6. using System.Threading.Tasks;

7. using WebApplication1.Models;

8.  

9. namespace WebApplication1.Controllers

10. {

11. [Route("api/[controller]")]

12. [ApiController]

13. public class ValuesController : ControllerBase

14. {

15.  

16. private readonly sbtestContext context = new sbtestContext();

17.  

18. // GET api/values

19. [HttpGet]

20. public ActionResult<IEnumerable<Sbtest1>> Get()

21. {

22. return context.Sbtest1.ToList();

23. }

24.  

25. // GET api/values/5

26. [HttpGet("{id}")]

27. public ActionResult<Sbtest1> Get(int id)

28. {

29. var item = context.Sbtest1.Where(c => c.Id == id).SingleOrDefault();

30. return item;

31. }

32.  

33. // POST api/values

34. [HttpPost]

35. public void Post([FromBody] Sbtest1 value)

36. {

37. context.Sbtest1.Add(value);

38. }

39.  

40. // PUT api/values/5

41. [HttpPut("{id}")]

42. public void Put(int id, [FromBody] Sbtest1 value)

43. {

44. if (value.Id != id)

45. {

46. throw new Exception("id not equeal");

47. }

48. context.Sbtest1.Update(value);

49. context.SaveChanges();

50. }

51.  

52. // DELETE api/values/5

53. [HttpDelete("{id}")]

54. public void Delete(int id)

55. {

56. var item = context.Sbtest1.FirstOrDefault(c => c.Id == id);

57. context.Sbtest1.Remove(item);

58. context.SaveChanges();

59. }

60. }

61.  

62. }

四、运行测试

1. VS启动项目

2. 访问/api/values/

五、发布到银河麒麟高级服务器操作系统V10上

1. VS2019发布项目

得到发布输出

1. 已启动生成…

2. 1>------ 已启动生成: 项目: WebApplication1, 配置: Release Any CPU ------

3. 1>C:\Users\yidam\source\repos\WebApplication1\WebApplication1\Models\sbtestContext.cs(25,10,25,214): warning CS1030: #警告:“To protect potentially sensitive information in your connection string, you should move it out of source code. See http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=723263 for guidance on storing connection strings.”

4. 1>WebApplication1 -> C:\Users\yidam\source\repos\WebApplication1\WebApplication1\bin\Release\netcoreapp3.1\WebApplication1.dll

5. 1>已完成生成项目“WebApplication1.csproj”的操作。

6. 2>------ 发布已启动: 项目: WebApplication1, 配置: Release Any CPU ------

7. 正在连接到 C:\Users\yidam\source\repos\WebApplication1\WebApplication1\bin\Release\netcoreapp3.1\publish\...

8. WebApplication1 -> C:\Users\yidam\source\repos\WebApplication1\WebApplication1\bin\Release\netcoreapp3.1\WebApplication1.dll

9. WebApplication1 -> C:\Users\yidam\source\repos\WebApplication1\WebApplication1\obj\Release\netcoreapp3.1\PubTmp\Out\

10. Web 应用已成功发布 file:///C:/Users/yidam/source/repos/WebApplication1/WebApplication1/bin/Release/netcoreapp3.1/publish/

11.  

12. ========== 生成: 成功 1 个，失败 0 个，最新 0 个，跳过 0 个 ==========

13. ========== 发布: 成功 1 个，失败 0 个，跳过 0 个 ==========

2. 通过FileZilla将publish目录上传到服务器/root/下

3. ssh登陆服务器，进入/root/publish目录，启动web服务

1. [root@localhost ~]# cd /root/publish/

2. [root@localhost publish]# dotnet WebApplication1.dll

3. info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]

4. Now listening on: http://localhost:5000

5. info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]

6. Now listening on: https://localhost:5001

7. info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]

8. Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.

9. info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]

10. Hosting environment: Production

11. info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0]

12. Content root path: /root/publish

4. 在服务器本地用curl检测接口

1. [root@localhost ~]# curl https://localhost:5001/api/values -k

2. [{"id":1000001,"k":1,"c":"1","pad":"1"},{"id":1000002,"k":2,"c":"2","pad":"2"}]

附：

服务器系统信息

1. [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/kylin-release

2. Kylin Linux Advanced Server release V10 (Azalea)

3. [root@localhost ~]# dotnet --info

4. .NET Core SDK (reflecting any global.json):

5. Version: 3.1.402

6. Commit: 9b5de826fd

7.  

8. Runtime Environment:

9. OS Name: kylin

10. OS Version: V10

11. OS Platform: Linux

12. RID: linux-arm64

13. Base Path: /root/dotnet/sdk/3.1.402/

14.  

15. Host (useful for support):

16. Version: 3.1.8

17. Commit: 9c1330dedd

18.  

19. .NET Core SDKs installed:

20. 3.1.402 [/root/dotnet/sdk]

21.  

22. .NET Core runtimes installed:

23. Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 3.1.8 [/root/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]

24. Microsoft.NETCore.App 3.1.8 [/root/dotnet/shared/Microsoft.NETCore.App]

25.  

26. To install additional .NET Core runtimes or SDKs:

27. https://aka.ms/dotnet-download

---

总结

采用.NET Core 框架，可以轻松完成ASP.NET C# Web项目迁移到国产银河麒麟高级服务器操作系统V10上。

作者：叶强