【Spring源码:AOP】基于JDK动态代理和Cglib创建代理对象的原理分析

Spring 版本:version=5.1.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT

前置知识

BeanPostProcessor简介

BeanPostProcessor接口,即bean后置处理器,作用是当Bean对象在实例化和依赖注入完毕后,显示调用初始化方法的前后,添加我们自己的逻辑。注意是Bean实例化完毕后及依赖注入完成后触发的。

简单的讲就是在Bean初始化的前后做一些事情,里面有两个方法,一个是postProcessBeforeInitialization,实例化、依赖注入完毕,在调用显示的初始化之前完成一些定制的初始化任务。另一个是postProcessAfterInitialization,实例化、依赖注入、初始化完毕时执行。

public interface BeanPostProcessor {

    // bean的自定义初始化方法之前执行
	@Nullable
	default Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
		return bean;
	}

    //bean的自定义初始化方法之后执行
	@Nullable
	default Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
		return bean;
	}

}

InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor简介

InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor接口是BeanPostProcessor接口的子接口,Instantiation翻译是实例化的意思,也就是说这个接口是在Bean实例化的前后做一些事情。主要作用:为特殊定制目标bean的实例化过程,如给目标对象创建代理对象。所以该接口的实现类需要实现5个方法。

public interface InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor extends BeanPostProcessor {

    // 实例化前
	@Nullable
	default Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) throws BeansException {
		return null;
	}

    // 实例化之后,属性填充之前执行
	default boolean postProcessAfterInstantiation(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
		return true;
	}

    // 属性填充之前,修改Bean中属性的内容
    // 在这里可以修改即将要填充属性的值,自动注入是在这里进行的。
	@Nullable
	default PropertyValues postProcessProperties(PropertyValues pvs, Object bean, String beanName)
			throws BeansException {

		return null;
	}

    // spring5.1之后,该方法被抛弃,使用postProcessProperties代替
    @Deprecated
	@Nullable
	default PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues(
			PropertyValues pvs, PropertyDescriptor[] pds, Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {

		return pvs;
	}

}

AOP代理对象创建器:AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator

从上图的AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator的类继承体系结构图中,我们发现,它实现了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor接口,具体为在抽象父类AbstractAutoProxyCreator:同时重写了postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法的实现(它实现了上面的5个方法)。

因此,AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator 也是一个bean后置处理器,它的作用是在bean对象实例化的前后可以进行一些操作。现在需要思考的是对于AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator这个对象是什么时候生成的呢?其实它在registerBeanPostProcessors注册bean后置处理器的时候实例化的。下面先进入refesh方法:

因此,我们先进入到AbstractApplicationContext#refresh方法

	@Override
	public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
		synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
			// Prepare this context for refreshing.
			// 初始化属性配置文件、校验必要属性以及监听器
			prepareRefresh();

			// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
			// 告诉子类刷新内部bean工厂,给beanFactory设置序列化id
			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

			// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
			// 向beanFactory中注册了两个BeanPostProcessor,以及三个与环境相关的bean
			// 这两个后置处理器为ApplicationContextAwareProcessor和ApplicationListenerDetector
			// 前一个后置处理是为实现了ApplicationContextAware接口的类,回调setApplicationContext()方法,
			// 后一个处理器时用来检测ApplicationListener类的,当某个Bean实现了ApplicationListener接口的bean被创建好后,会被加入到监听器列表中
			prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

			try {
				// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
				// 空方法,由子类实现
				postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

				// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
				// 执行所有的BeanFactoryPostProcessor,包括自定义的,以及spring内置的。
				// 默认情况下,容器中只有一个BeanFactoryPostProcessor,即:Spring内置的,ConfigurationClassPostProcessor(这个类很重要)
				// 会先执行实现了BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor接口的类,然后执行BeanFactoryPostProcessor的类
				// ConfigurationClassPostProcessor类的postProcessorBeanFactory()方法进行了@Configuration类的解析,@ComponentScan的扫描,以及@Import注解的处理
				// 经过这一步以后,会将所有交由spring管理的bean所对应的BeanDefinition放入到beanFactory的beanDefinitionMap中
				// 同时ConfigurationClassPostProcessor类的postProcessorBeanFactory()方法执行完后,向容器中添加了一个后置处理器————ImportAwareBeanPostProcessor
				invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
				// 注册所有的BeanPostProcessor,因为在方法里面调用了getBean()方法,所以在这一步,实际上已经将所有的BeanPostProcessor实例化了
				// 为什么要在这一步就将BeanPostProcessor实例化呢?因为后面要实例化bean,而BeanPostProcessor是用来干预bean的创建过程的,
				// 所以必须在bean实例化之前就实例化所有的BeanPostProcessor(包括开发人员自己定义的)
				// 最后再重新注册了ApplicationListenerDetector,这样做的目的是为了将ApplicationListenerDetector放入到后置处理器的最末端
				registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				// Initialize message source for this context.
				// 初始化MessageSource,用来做消息国际化。在一般项目中不会用到消息国际化
				initMessageSource();

				// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
				// 初始化事件广播器,如果容器中存在了名字为applicationEventMulticaster的广播器,则使用该广播器
				// 如果没有,则初始化一个SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster
				// 事件广播器的用途是,发布事件,并且为所发布的时间找到对应的事件监听器。
				initApplicationEventMulticaster();

				// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
				// 执行其他的初始化操作,例如和SpringMVC整合时,需要初始化一些其他的bean,但是对于纯spring工程来说,onFresh方法是一个空方法
				onRefresh();

				// Check for listener beans and register them.
				// 这一步会将自定义的listener的bean名称放入到事件广播器中
				// 同时还会将早期的ApplicationEvent发布(对于单独的spring工程来说,在此时不会有任何ApplicationEvent发布,
				// 但是和springMVC整合时,springMVC会执行onRefresh()方法,在这里会发布事件)
				registerListeners();

				// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
				// 实例化剩余的非懒加载的单例bean(注意:剩余、非懒加载、单例)
				// 为什么说是剩余呢?如果开发人员自定义了BeanPostProcessor,而BeanPostProcessor在前面已经实例化了,所以在这里不会再实例化,因此这里使用剩余一词
				// 注:该方法十分重要,它完成了所有非懒加载的单例Bean的实例化和初始化,属性的填充以及解决了循环依赖等问题
				finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

				// Last step: publish corresponding event.
				// 结束refresh,主要干了一件事,就是发布一个事件ContextRefreshEvent,通知大家spring容器refresh初始化结束了。
				finishRefresh();
			} catch (BeansException ex) {
				if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
					logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
							"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
				}

				// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
				// 出异常后销毁bean
				destroyBeans();

				// Reset 'active' flag.
				cancelRefresh(ex);

				// Propagate exception to caller.
				throw ex;
			} finally {
				// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
				// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
				// 在bean的实例化过程中,会缓存很多信息,例如bean的注解信息,
				// 但是当单例bean实例化完成后,这些缓存信息已经不会再使用了,所以可以释放这些内存资源了
				resetCommonCaches();
			}
		}
	}

其中,registerBeanPostProcessors()就是进行所有的bean后置处理器的注册实例化

	// 注册实例化所有的bean后置处理器,放入beanFactory属性中
	public static void registerBeanPostProcessors(
			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, AbstractApplicationContext applicationContext) {

		//1、获取所有的bean后置处理器的name,再根据name去实例化对应的BeanPostProcessor
		String[] postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanPostProcessor.class, true, false);

		// Register BeanPostProcessorChecker that logs an info message when
		// a bean is created during BeanPostProcessor instantiation, i.e. when
		// a bean is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors.
		int beanProcessorTargetCount = beanFactory.getBeanPostProcessorCount() + 1 + postProcessorNames.length;
		beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new BeanPostProcessorChecker(beanFactory, beanProcessorTargetCount));

		//2、对这些后置处理器进行排序分类存储 list
		// Separate between BeanPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered,
		// Ordered, and the rest.
		List<BeanPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
		List<BeanPostProcessor> internalPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
		List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
		List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
		for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
			if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
				BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
				priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
				if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
					internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
				}
			} else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
				orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
			} else {
				nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
			}
		}

		//3、以下是根据排序的优先级将所有的BeanPostProcessors后置处理器注册实例化,并放入AbstractBeanFactory的属性中
		// -->即 List<BeanPostProcessor> beanPostProcessors

		// (1)首先,注册实现了PriorityOrdered接口的BeanPostProcessors
		// First, register the BeanPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered.
		sortPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);//排序
		registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, priorityOrderedPostProcessors);

		// (2)然后,注册实现了Ordered接口的BeanPostProcessors
		// Next, register the BeanPostProcessors that implement Ordered.
		List<BeanPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
		for (String ppName : orderedPostProcessorNames) {

			// AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator的实例化就是在这里进行的,因为它也属于BeanPostProcessor的子类
			// 那么对于其它bean实例化的时候它就可以起到后置处理器的作用--> AOP生成代理对象
			BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);

			orderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
			if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
				internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
			}
		}
		sortPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);//排序
		registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, orderedPostProcessors);

		// (3)再注册所有普通的BeanPostProcessor(未实现PriorityOrdered/Ordered接口的bean后置处理器)
		// Now, register all regular BeanPostProcessors.
		List<BeanPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
		for (String ppName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) {
			BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
			nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
			if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
				internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
			}
		}
		registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, nonOrderedPostProcessors);

		// (4)最后,注册所有的 internalPostProcessors
		// Finally, re-register all internal BeanPostProcessors.
		sortPostProcessors(internalPostProcessors, beanFactory);
		registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, internalPostProcessors);

		// Re-register post-processor for detecting inner beans as ApplicationListeners,
		// moving it to the end of the processor chain (for picking up proxies etc).
		beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(applicationContext));
	}

其中,AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator实现了Ordered接口,所以它是在上面的第(2)步进行实例化的,那么对于其它bean实例化的时候它就可以起到后置处理器的作用了-->AOP,即给目标对象产生代理对象。

现在,我们已经知道AOP代理对象创建器(AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator)在哪里创建了,接下来就是寻找该bean后置处理器在什么时候给目标对象生成代理对象的。

进入AbstractApplicationContext#refresh方法中的 finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory),看过Spring Bean生命周期源码的,应该都知道,该方法十分重要,它完成了所有剩余的、非懒加载的、单例的bean实例化和初始化过程。为什么说是剩余呢?如果开发人员自定义了BeanPostProcessor,而BeanPostProcessor在上面registerBeanPostProcessors()已经实例化了,所以在这里不会再实例化,因此这里使用剩余一词。

	protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		// Initialize conversion service for this context.
		if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&
				beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {
			beanFactory.setConversionService(
					beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));
		}

		// Register a default embedded value resolver if no bean post-processor
		// (such as a PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer bean) registered any before:
		// at this point, primarily for resolution in annotation attribute values.
		if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {
			beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(strVal -> getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal));
		}

		// Initialize LoadTimeWeaverAware beans early to allow for registering their transformers early.
		String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
		for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {
			getBean(weaverAwareName);
		}

		// Stop using the temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
		beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);

		// Allow for caching all bean definition metadata, not expecting further changes.
		beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();

		// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
        // 主要看这一个方法
		beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
	}

我们进入bean工厂AbstractBeanFactory的默认实现子类 DefaultListableBeanFactory#preInstantiateSingletons()方法,从原注释也可以知道,它才是实现所有剩余的单例bean实例化的方法:

	@Override
	public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
		if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			this.logger.debug("Pre-instantiating singletons in " + this);
		}

		// Iterate over a copy to allow for init methods which in turn register new bean definitions.
		// While this may not be part of the regular factory bootstrap, it does otherwise work fine.
		//
		List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);

		// Trigger initialization of all non-lazy singleton beans...
		// 触发所有非懒加载的单例bean的初始化...
		for (String beanName : beanNames) {
			RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
			// 非抽象类、单例、非懒加载
			if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {

				// 属于FactoryBean子类的bean
				if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
					Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
					if (bean instanceof FactoryBean) {
						final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) bean;
						boolean isEagerInit;
						if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
							isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Boolean>)
											((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory)::isEagerInit,
									getAccessControlContext());
						} else {
							isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
									((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
						}
						if (isEagerInit) {
							getBean(beanName);
						}
					}
				} else {
					// 普通bean(非FactoryBean子类)
					getBean(beanName);
				}
			}
		}

		// Trigger post-initialization callback for all applicable beans...
		for (String beanName : beanNames) {
			Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
			if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
				final SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
				if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
					AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
						smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
						return null;
					}, getAccessControlContext());
				} else {
					smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
				}
			}
		}
	}

从上面源码,可以看到,这里bean的实例化,主要分为两种:

  • FactoryBean子类的实例化
  • 普通bean(非FactoryBean子类)的实例化

至于什么是FactoryBean?它可以让我们自定义Bean的创建过程,主要是通过实现FactoryBean接口的getObject()方法,具体可以看之前单独写的文章《【Spring源码:FactoryBean一】终于弄懂FactoryBean是如何自定义bean的创建过程了》。

最后,都会调用getBean(beanName)方法,我们可以继续追踪该方法源码,发现最终进入AbstractBeanFactory#doGetBean()方法:

	protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,
							  @Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {

		// beanName格式化转换,如别名、&factoryBean
		final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
		Object bean;

		// Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
		// 1、先从单例缓存池中获取
		Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
		if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
					logger.debug("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
							"' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
				} else {
					logger.debug("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
				}
			}

			// 这里为啥不直接返回该sharedInstance?? ---> FactoryBean作用:getObject()自定义bean的创建过程.
			bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);

		} else {// 2、单例缓存池获取不到

            //省略部分代码。。。。

            // Create bean instance.
				// 根据bean的作用域范围scope,创建bean实例
				if (mbd.isSingleton()) {// (1)bean作用域:单例
					sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
						try {
                            // 重点
							return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
						} 
					});
					bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);

				} else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {// (2)bean作用域:原型
					// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
					Object prototypeInstance = null;
					try {
						beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
						prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
					} finally {
						afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
					}
					bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);

				} else {// (3)非单例、非原型
                    。。。。
				}
        。。。。

其中,该方法比较长,这里只截取部分核心代码,主要分两部分功能:

  1. 通过从单例缓存池中获取bean,能获取到(不为空),说明已创建过,则继续调用getObjectForBeanInstance()方法;
  2. 后半部分else是单例池获取不到时,说明是首次创建,需要调用createBean()方法,创建好之后,同样会调用到getObjectForBeanInstance()方法。

【注意】这里为啥获取到bean之后不直接返回,还要调用getObjectForBeanInstance()方法?

因为getObjectForBeanInstance()方法中还要进行判断该bean是FactoryBean子类,还是普通bean,如果是FactoryBean子类,并且name含有前缀&,则返回FactoryBean子类对象本身, 否则,返回FactoryBean子类的getObject()方法中自定义的对象,具体可看下面源码解释(这里也涉及到FactoryBean的知识):

小插曲:AbstractBeanFactory#getObjectForBeanInstance()

	protected Object getObjectForBeanInstance(
			Object beanInstance, String name, String beanName, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {

		// Don't let calling code try to dereference the factory if the bean isn't a factory.
		// 1、如果这是一个FactoryBean子类,并且name含有前缀&,说明需要获取的是FactoryBean子类本身,直接返回即可
		if (BeanFactoryUtils.isFactoryDereference(name)) {
			if (beanInstance instanceof NullBean) {
				return beanInstance;
			}
			if (!(beanInstance instanceof FactoryBean)) {
				throw new BeanIsNotAFactoryException(transformedBeanName(name), beanInstance.getClass());
			}
		}

		// Now we have the bean instance, which may be a normal bean or a FactoryBean.
		// If it's a FactoryBean, we use it to create a bean instance, unless the
		// caller actually wants a reference to the factory.
		// 2、如果这是一个普通bean,则直接返回该bean
		if (!(beanInstance instanceof FactoryBean) || BeanFactoryUtils.isFactoryDereference(name)) {
			return beanInstance;
		}

		// 3、能执行到这一步,说明它是一个FactoryBean子类,并且name不含&前缀
		// 注意:如果是FactoryBean子类,name含有前缀&,则返回FactoryBean子类对象本身,
		// 否则,返回FactoryBean子类的getObject()方法中自定义的对象
		Object object = null;
		if (mbd == null) {
			object = getCachedObjectForFactoryBean(beanName);//先从缓存中获取
		}
		if (object == null) {
			// Return bean instance from factory.
			FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) beanInstance;
			// Caches object obtained from FactoryBean if it is a singleton.

			if (mbd == null && containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
				mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
			}
			boolean synthetic = (mbd != null && mbd.isSynthetic());
            // 从FactoryBean中获取对象
			object = getObjectFromFactoryBean(factory, beanName, !synthetic);
		}
		return object;
	}

其中,getObjectFromFactoryBean()方法,我们从名字就可以大概知道它是从FactoryBean中获取对象,由于篇幅原因,这里不详细分析,具体可看《【Spring源码:FactoryBean二】终于弄懂FactoryBean是如何自定义bean的创建过程了》

【重点】

下面,我们继续回到主流程,createBean()方法,它属于AbstractBeanFactory中定义的方法,在AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory抽象子类中有默认实现,如下:

	@Override
	protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {

		RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;

		// 对给定的bean进行类加载
		// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point, and
		// clone the bean definition in case of a dynamically resolved Class
		// which cannot be stored in the shared merged bean definition.
		Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
		if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
			mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
			mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
		}

		// Prepare method overrides.
		try {
			mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
		}
		// 1、代理bean对象创建--AOP
		try {
			// 调用InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor的postProcessBeforeInstantiation
			// (如果创建了bean,则还要调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization)

			// 调用用于生成AOP的代理对象的BeanPostProcessor,如果bean不为null,则说明产生代理对象了,可以直接返回

			// Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
			Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
			if (bean != null) {
				// 如果bean不为null ,则直接返回,这种情况通常为AOP创建了代理对象。后面的doCreateBean不再执行
				return bean;
			}
		}

		// 2、普通bean对象创建
		try {
			// 正常的,非代理bean对象的创建
			// 包括检查是否进行了类加载(没有则进行类加载),bean对象实例创建,bean对象实例的属性赋值,init-method的调用,BeanPostProcessor的调用
			Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
			}
			return beanInstance;
		}
	}

由以上代码分析可知,代理对象的创建就是在resolveBeforeInstantiation方法实现的,它会调用InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor的postProcessBeforeInstantiation前置处理(这是在实例化Bean对象之前执行的),如果创建的bean不为空,说明产生了代理对象,则还要马上调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization后置处理,下面再具体分析。

这里resolveBeforeInstantiation方法,假如返回了目标对象的的代理对象(bean不为空),就会跳过后面普通bean对象创建的过程,否则就继续往下执行第2步,至于普通bean对象的创建流程不是本文的重点,不过多介绍。

【重点】

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#resolveBeforeInstantiation():

	@Nullable
	protected Object resolveBeforeInstantiation(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
		Object bean = null;
		if (!Boolean.FALSE.equals(mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved)) {
			// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
			if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
				Class<?> targetType = determineTargetType(beanName, mbd);
				if (targetType != null) {

					// 调用InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor的postProcessBeforeInstantiation
					// 如果返回不是null,则一般是AOP的代理对象
					bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation(targetType, beanName);

					if (bean != null) {
						// 如果使用postProcessBeforeInstantiation创建了bean对象,则是当前bean对象的代理对象了
						// 这个方法执行完,退出则直接返回该代理bean对象了,
						// 故在这里调用一下其他BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization
						// initialization
						// 调用普通BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization
						bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(bean, beanName);
					}
				}
			}
			mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved = (bean != null);
		}
		return bean;
	}

首先调用applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation前置处理方法来创建代理对象,如果创建成功,即bean不为空,则继续调用applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization方法来调用BeanPostProcessor子类的postProcessAfterInitialization方法,因为如果创建了代理对象,该方法返回后就直接return该代理对象bean了,不再往下执行,故在这里就要马上调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization执行后置处理。

AOP相关的代理对象的创建,就在AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation():

	protected Object applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {
		// 获取所有的Bean后置处理器,然后遍历查看是否为子接口InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor,
		// 如果是则调用其postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法
		for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {

			// 查找实现了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor接口的BeanPostProcessor
			// 其中在spring-aop模块定义的AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator就实现了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor接口
			if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
				InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
				// AbstractAutoProxyCreator 子类的 postProcessBeforeInstantiation()
				Object result = ibp.postProcessBeforeInstantiation(beanClass, beanName);
				// 如果创建成功则直接返回
				if (result != null) {
					return result;
				}
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

上述源码主要作用:获取所有的BeanPostProcessors(bean后置处理器对象),然后遍历它们是否为InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor的子接口实例,如果是则调用其postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法。

看到这里,离真相不远,我们上面开篇已经分析过了,InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor接口是BeanPostProcessor接口的子接口,而AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator(AOP代理对象创建器)的抽象父类AbstractAutoProxyCreator实现了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor接口。

postProcessBeforeInstantiation

目标对象实例化之前调用,该方法返回值类型是Object,也就是说可以返回任何类型的值,此时我们可以返回原本目标的代理对象,或者返回任意的其他对象。如果该方法返回值代替了原本该生成的目标对象,那么后续的很多流程都会跳过,只执行postProcessAfterInitialization方法。

所以,当遍历到AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator的对象时,代码执行到这里,就会执行AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator的postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法,具体为在抽象父类AbstractAutoProxyCreator中定义了postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法的实现。为了直观效果,画了个简单的关系链:

AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator ---> AbstractAutoProxyCreator ---> InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor --->  BeanPostProcessor

因此,下面进入AbstractAutoProxyCreator#postProcessBeforeInstantiation前置处理方法逻辑:

	// 当bean对象实例化的创建过程中,在创建bean对象实例之前,先调用这个方法,看是否需要创建一个AOP代理对象直接返回
	@Override
	public Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) throws BeansException {
		Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(beanClass, beanName);

		// 返回null,则表示不属于AOP,不需要为目标对象创建代理对象
		if (!StringUtils.hasLength(beanName) || !this.targetSourcedBeans.contains(beanName)) {
			if (this.advisedBeans.containsKey(cacheKey)) {
				return null;
			}
			if (isInfrastructureClass(beanClass) || shouldSkip(beanClass, beanName)) {
				this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);
				return null;
			}
		}

		// Create proxy here if we have a custom TargetSource.
		// Suppresses unnecessary default instantiation of the target bean:
		// The TargetSource will handle target instances in a custom fashion.
		TargetSource targetSource = getCustomTargetSource(beanClass, beanName);
		if (targetSource != null) {
			if (StringUtils.hasLength(beanName)) {
				this.targetSourcedBeans.add(beanName);
			}

			// specificInterceptors类型为Advisor[],是当前bean需要的辅助功能列表
			// 因为Advisor集成了pointcut和advice,故可以知道当前bean是否在pointcut拦截范围内,
			// 如果在获取配置对应的advice列表,该列表作为代理对象的interceptor方法拦截器
			// getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean由子类实现
			Object[] specificInterceptors = getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(beanClass, beanName, targetSource);

			// 重点:基于以上辅助功能列表,创建该bean对应的代理对象proxy
			Object proxy = createProxy(beanClass, beanName, specificInterceptors, targetSource);
			this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass());
           
			// 只有创建了proxy,才不返回null
			return proxy;
		}

		return null;
	}

通过在spring-aop配置解析时创建的advisors来为该目标bean查找对应的辅助方法advices,其中advisor为集成了pointcut和advice。这些辅助方法advices作为代理对象的方法拦截器列表specificInterceptors,即代理对象拦截目标对象的方法执行,然后在方法执行前后可以执行该方法拦截器列表对应的方法,从而为目标对象的方法添加这些辅助功能。

创建代理对象:createProxy

createProxy的源码如下:代理对象可以基于JDK的动态代理或者基于Cglib来创建,在Spring中默认为基于JDK的动态代理(在SpringBoot2.x中默认是Cglib,具体可看《SpringBoot2.x中为何默认使用Cglib》),如果ProxyConfig配置类的proxy-target-class属性为true或者目标类没有实现接口,则使用Cglib来创建代理对象。

	protected Object createProxy(Class<?> beanClass, @Nullable String beanName,
								 @Nullable Object[] specificInterceptors, TargetSource targetSource) {

		if (this.beanFactory instanceof ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) {
			AutoProxyUtils.exposeTargetClass((ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) this.beanFactory, beanName, beanClass);
		}

		// 每个bean对象都new一个单例的ProxyFactory来创建代理对象,因为每个bean需要的辅助方法不一样,
		// 然后将该ProxyFactory对象引用作为构造函数参数创建对应的代理对象
		ProxyFactory proxyFactory = new ProxyFactory();
		proxyFactory.copyFrom(this);

		// // 检查是否配置了<aop:config />节点的proxy-target-class属性为true-->cglib
		if (!proxyFactory.isProxyTargetClass()) {
			if (shouldProxyTargetClass(beanClass, beanName)) {
				proxyFactory.setProxyTargetClass(true);
			} else {
				evaluateProxyInterfaces(beanClass, proxyFactory);
			}
		}


		Advisor[] advisors = buildAdvisors(beanName, specificInterceptors);

		// 为该代理工厂添加辅助功能包装器Advisors,结合Advisors来生成代理对象的方法拦截器
		proxyFactory.addAdvisors(advisors);

		// 目标类
		proxyFactory.setTargetSource(targetSource);
		customizeProxyFactory(proxyFactory);

		proxyFactory.setFrozen(this.freezeProxy);
		if (advisorsPreFiltered()) {
			proxyFactory.setPreFiltered(true);
		}

		// 为目标类创建代理对象,如果配置了aop:config的proxy-target-class为true,则使用CGLIB
		// 否则如果目标类为接口则使用JDK代理,否则使用CGLIB
		return proxyFactory.getProxy(getProxyClassLoader());
	}

上面源码注释已经写得很清楚,下面进入proxyFactory.getProxy方法,由于ProxyFactory继承ProxyCreatorSupport类,所以进入该方法后可知,真正的实现在ProxyCreatorSupport类中,调用的方法是ProxyCreatorSupport类中的方法,而ProxyFactory只是做了一层封装,

    public Object getProxy(ClassLoader classLoader) {
        // 下面的createAopProxy()方法是ProxyCreatorSupport类中的方法
        return createAopProxy().getProxy(classLoader);
    }

重点来了,下面将浮现jdk和cglib代理的真正面目

createAopProxy()方法返回的是AopProxy接口类型,它有两个实现类,分别是:

  1. CglibAopProxy(通过cglib方式生成代理对象)
  2. JdkDynamicAopProxy(通过JDK动态代理方式生成对象)

AopProxy的作用是用于生成代理对象,稍后将会分析这两种不同的实现方式。

那么,CglibAopProxy或者JdkDynamicAopProxy又是如何生成的呢?进入createAopProxy方法,该方法就是获取AopProxy的地方,由方法可知,这里使用了AopProxyFactory来创建AopProxy,而AopProxyFactory使用的是DefaultAopProxyFactory默认的代理工厂类。

public class DefaultAopProxyFactory implements AopProxyFactory, Serializable {

	@Override
	public AopProxy createAopProxy(AdvisedSupport config) throws AopConfigException {
		// 选择jdk动态代理 或 cglib 代理
		if (config.isOptimize() || config.isProxyTargetClass() || hasNoUserSuppliedProxyInterfaces(config)) {
			Class<?> targetClass = config.getTargetClass();
			if (targetClass == null) {
				throw new AopConfigException("TargetSource cannot determine target class: " +
						"Either an interface or a target is required for proxy creation.");
			}
			// 如果targetClass是接口类,那么使用JDK来生成代理对象,返回JdkDynamicAopProxy类型的对象
			if (targetClass.isInterface() || Proxy.isProxyClass(targetClass)) {
				return new JdkDynamicAopProxy(config);
			}
			// 否则,返回ObjenesisCglibAopProxy类型的对象,它是使用cglib的方式生成代理对象
			return new ObjenesisCglibAopProxy(config);
		} else {
			return new JdkDynamicAopProxy(config);
		}
	}

扩展:Cglib代理,原理是生成目标类的子类(即这个子类对象就是代理对象),它是在内存中构件一个子类对象,从而实现对目标对象的功能拓展。不管有没有实现接口都可以使用Cglib代理, 而不是只有在无接口的情况下才能使用。具体可以查看《【Java必备】Java代理模式(静态代理、JDK/Cglib动态代理)》

到这里,我们已经基本清楚AopProxy对象是如何生成的了,接下来我们介绍CglibAopProxy和JdkDynamicAopProxy又是如何生成代理对象的?

JDK动态代理

基于接口实现,通过实现目标类所包含的接口的方法来实现代理,即返回的代理对象为接口的实现类。由于是基于JDK的动态代理实现,即实现了JDK提供的InvocationHandler接口,故在运行时在invoke方法拦截目标类对应被代理的接口的所有方法的执行:获取当前执行的方法对应的方法拦截器链,然后通过反射执行该方法时,在方法执行前后执行对应的方法拦截器

JdkDynamicAopProxy#getProxy

	@Override
	public Object getProxy(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			logger.debug("Creating JDK dynamic proxy: target source is " + this.advised.getTargetSource());
		}
		Class<?>[] proxiedInterfaces = AopProxyUtils.completeProxiedInterfaces(this.advised, true);
		findDefinedEqualsAndHashCodeMethods(proxiedInterfaces);
		return Proxy.newProxyInstance(classLoader, proxiedInterfaces, this);
	}

JdkDynamicAopProxy#getProxy

// JDK的动态代理是基于接口的,故只能代理接口中定义的方法。
// 该类需要通过代理工厂,具体为继承了AdvisedSupport的代理工厂来创建,而不是直接创建,
// 因为AdvisedSupport提供了AOP的相关配置信息,如Advisors列表等。
final class JdkDynamicAopProxy implements AopProxy, InvocationHandler, Serializable {

    // 重写InvocationHandler接口的invoke方法
	public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
		MethodInvocation invocation;
		Object oldProxy = null;
		boolean setProxyContext = false;

		TargetSource targetSource = this.advised.targetSource;
		Object target = null;

		try {
			if (!this.equalsDefined && AopUtils.isEqualsMethod(method)) {
				// The target does not implement the equals(Object) method itself.
				return equals(args[0]);
			} else if (!this.hashCodeDefined && AopUtils.isHashCodeMethod(method)) {
				// The target does not implement the hashCode() method itself.
				return hashCode();
			} else if (method.getDeclaringClass() == DecoratingProxy.class) {
				// There is only getDecoratedClass() declared -> dispatch to proxy config.
				return AopProxyUtils.ultimateTargetClass(this.advised);
			} else if (!this.advised.opaque && method.getDeclaringClass().isInterface() &&
					method.getDeclaringClass().isAssignableFrom(Advised.class)) {
				// Service invocations on ProxyConfig with the proxy config...
				return AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(this.advised, method, args);
			}

			Object retVal;

			if (this.advised.exposeProxy) {
				// Make invocation available if necessary.
				oldProxy = AopContext.setCurrentProxy(proxy);
				setProxyContext = true;
			}

			// Get as late as possible to minimize the time we "own" the target,
			// in case it comes from a pool.
			target = targetSource.getTarget();
			Class<?> targetClass = (target != null ? target.getClass() : null);

			// 获取该方法对应的方法拦截器列表
			// 实现:通过该方法所在类对应的Advisors,获取该方法的辅助功能Advices列表,即方法拦截器列表。这里的实现为懒加载,
			// 即当方法第一次调用的时候才创建该方法拦截器列表,然后使用一个ConcurrentHashMap缓存起来,之后的方法调用直接使用。

			// 其中advised就是该方法的所在bean对应的ProxyFactory对象引用,通过ProxyFactory来创建AopProxy,即当前类对象实例。
			// Get the interception chain for this method.
			List<Object> chain = this.advised.getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice(method, targetClass);

			// Check whether we have any advice. If we don't, we can fallback on direct
			// reflective invocation of the target, and avoid creating a MethodInvocation.
			// 当前执行的方法不包括方法拦截器,即不需要额外的辅助功能,则可以直接执行
			if (chain.isEmpty()) {
				// We can skip creating a MethodInvocation: just invoke the target directly
				// Note that the final invoker must be an InvokerInterceptor so we know it does
				// nothing but a reflective operation on the target, and no hot swapping or fancy proxying.
				Object[] argsToUse = AopProxyUtils.adaptArgumentsIfNecessary(method, args);
				retVal = AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(target, method, argsToUse);
			} else {
				// 如果当前方法包括方法拦截器,即在执行时需要其他额外的辅助功能,则创建ReflectiveMethodInvocation
				// We need to create a method invocation...
				invocation = new ReflectiveMethodInvocation(proxy, target, method, args, targetClass, chain);
				// Proceed to the joinpoint through the interceptor chain.
				retVal = invocation.proceed();
			}

			// Massage return value if necessary.
			Class<?> returnType = method.getReturnType();
			if (retVal != null && retVal == target &&
					returnType != Object.class && returnType.isInstance(proxy) &&
					!RawTargetAccess.class.isAssignableFrom(method.getDeclaringClass())) {
				// Special case: it returned "this" and the return type of the method
				// is type-compatible. Note that we can't help if the target sets
				// a reference to itself in another returned object.
				retVal = proxy;
			} else if (retVal == null && returnType != Void.TYPE && returnType.isPrimitive()) {
				throw new AopInvocationException(
						"Null return value from advice does not match primitive return type for: " + method);
			}
			return retVal;
		} finally {
			if (target != null && !targetSource.isStatic()) {
				// Must have come from TargetSource.
				targetSource.releaseTarget(target);
			}
			if (setProxyContext) {
				// Restore old proxy.
				AopContext.setCurrentProxy(oldProxy);
			}
		}
	}
。。。。

CGLIB代理

创建目标类的子类来实现代理,代理拦截的只能是目标类的publicprotected方法,核心方法为getProxy(),即创建代理对象,在这里织入了辅助功能。

注意:基于类的代理,具体实现为通过创建目标类的子类来实现代理,即代理对象对应的类为目标类的子类。 所以目标类的需要被代理的方法不能为final,因为子类无法重写final的方法;同时被代理的方法需要是public或者protected,不能是static,private或者包可见,即不加可见修饰符。如在事务中,@Transactional注解不能对private,static,final,包可见的方法添加事务功能,只能为public方法。这个代理对象也需要通过代理工厂来创建,具体为继承了AdvisedSupport的代理工厂来创建,而不是直接创建。


class CglibAopProxy implements AopProxy, Serializable {

	// 创建代理对象
	@Override
	public Object getProxy(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			logger.debug("Creating CGLIB proxy: target source is " + this.advised.getTargetSource());
		}

		try {
			//获取目标对象
			Class<?> rootClass = this.advised.getTargetClass();
			Assert.state(rootClass != null, "Target class must be available for creating a CGLIB proxy");

			Class<?> proxySuperClass = rootClass;
			if (ClassUtils.isCglibProxyClass(rootClass)) {
				proxySuperClass = rootClass.getSuperclass();
				Class<?>[] additionalInterfaces = rootClass.getInterfaces();
				for (Class<?> additionalInterface : additionalInterfaces) {
					this.advised.addInterface(additionalInterface);
				}
			}

			// Validate the class, writing log messages as necessary.
			validateClassIfNecessary(proxySuperClass, classLoader);

			// 创建目标类的子类来实现代理,即织入辅助功能
			// 创建并配置Enhancer,它是cglib主要的操作类,用于代理对象的生成
			// Configure CGLIB Enhancer...
			Enhancer enhancer = createEnhancer();
			if (classLoader != null) {
				enhancer.setClassLoader(classLoader);
				if (classLoader instanceof SmartClassLoader &&
						((SmartClassLoader) classLoader).isClassReloadable(proxySuperClass)) {
					enhancer.setUseCache(false);
				}
			}
			// 配置enhancer对象,比如 代理接口,父类,回调方法等
			enhancer.setSuperclass(proxySuperClass);
			enhancer.setInterfaces(AopProxyUtils.completeProxiedInterfaces(this.advised));
			enhancer.setNamingPolicy(SpringNamingPolicy.INSTANCE);
			enhancer.setStrategy(new ClassLoaderAwareUndeclaredThrowableStrategy(classLoader));

			Callback[] callbacks = getCallbacks(rootClass);
			Class<?>[] types = new Class<?>[callbacks.length];
			for (int x = 0; x < types.length; x++) {
				types[x] = callbacks[x].getClass();
			}
			// fixedInterceptorMap only populated at this point, after getCallbacks call above
			enhancer.setCallbackFilter(new ProxyCallbackFilter(
					this.advised.getConfigurationOnlyCopy(), this.fixedInterceptorMap, this.fixedInterceptorOffset));
			enhancer.setCallbackTypes(types);

			// 通过enhancer来生成代理对象  
			// Generate the proxy class and create a proxy instance.
			return createProxyClassAndInstance(enhancer, callbacks);
		} 
        。。。。
	}

到此,目标对象的代理对象已经生成,并且已经设置好了拦截器(通知),当代理对象调用目标方法时,就会触发这些拦截器。

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转载自blog.csdn.net/a1036645146/article/details/112236026