在我们Linux 下MySQL 安装之yum命令安装介绍了使用yum 命令安装MySQL，本篇我们介绍使用rpm包安装MySQL，与使用yum安装一样。rpm安装之前也需要检查是否已经安装过MySQL服务器，具体步骤和用yum安装之前的检查一样。
使用RPM安装MySQL我们首先需要下载相应的RPM包，在这之前，我们需要查看自己的系统的内核，然后在镜像网站：http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/下载相应的RPM包。我们可以使用uname -a查看系统版本：
[root@192 ~]# uname -an
Linux 192.168.226.129 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Nov 22 16:42:41 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux之后，我们可以从镜像网站下载MySQL RPM包，并且上传到我们的服务器，需要下载的RPM包邮mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm和mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm。实际上只下载这两个包是不够的，因为他们有自己的依赖包，这里先不下载，我们查看执行这两个包时会出现什么问题。如下我们使用rpm命令执行RPM包时的信息:
[root@192 Downloads]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 is needed by mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64
[root@192 Downloads]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.17-1.el7 is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64通过上面的信息，我们可以看到server和client包需要依赖mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm和mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm两个包，我们需要从镜像网站下载这两个RPM包。然后我们就可以继续执行mysql的rmp包，执行过程如下：
[root@192 Downloads]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@192 Downloads]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7################################# [100%]
[root@192 Downloads]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@192 Downloads]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.e################################# [100%]然后我们启动mysql服务，通过mysql客户端，连接mysql，与用yum不同的时，使用RPM包安装之后，root用户被设置了密码，而我们此时不知道密码，无法连接到mysql服务，命令如下所示：
[root@192 ~]#/bin/systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@192 ~]# mysql -uroot
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)此时我们关闭MySQL服务，设置启动MySQL环境时跳过权限检查表，重启MySQL之后就能进入mysql，命令如下：
[root@192 ~]# /bin/systemctl stop mysqld.service
[root@192 ~]# systemctl set-environment MYSQLD_OPTS="--skip-grant-tables"
[root@192 ~]# /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@192 ~]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.更改root用户密码，此时不同的版本可能密码存储字段不同，当前版本字段为authentication_string，所以使用password字段时会报列名不存在错误，如下为修改密码的命令：
mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD('123456') where user='root';
ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'password' in 'field list'
mysql> update user set authentication_string=PASSWORD('123456') where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)到此MySQL安装就结束了。然后关闭MySQL把前面设置的环境关闭，重新进入MySQL输入自己设置的密码即可，命令如下：
[root@192 ~]# /bin/systemctl stop mysqld.service
[root@192 ~]# systemctl unset-environment MYSQLD_OPTS8
[root@192 ~]# /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@192 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.