Oracle12c与Oracle11g采用触发器与存储过程实现同步更新（代码+图解）

企业开发 2020-10-24 18:45:24 阅读次数: 0

一、保证两台笔记本网络互通

本文已同步到：http://www.bithachi.cn/posts/198e6f50.html

关于连接，详情见之前写的：WIFI网络，两台笔记本互联Oracle，一台是11g,一台是12c

现在测试的ip地址：

  • A: 10.65.252.84
  • B: 10.82.156.248

二、用户简单架构图及权限设计

  • A机的DBA账户是shj_dba，B机的DBA账户是c##hachi
  • 中间的为连接名，标明连接的名字，对应权限的用户使用对方跟自己权限相同的账号，通过连接名访问对方数据库。

image-20201023004617075

  • 各个用户的权限

image-20201023021653854

三、表结构

  • 这里双方都采用以下语句创建表，表就建立在各自sys创建的DBA的模式下，不建立任何外键和索引，以免发生同步触发器更新异常，初学先入个门吧！

image-20201023011006150

image-20201023011048816

/*==============================================================*/
/* Table: "part"                                                */
/*==============================================================*/
create table "part" 
(
   "p_id"               INTEGER              not null,
   "p_name"             VARCHAR2(10),
   "p_size"             VARCHAR2(10),
   "p_price"            FLOAT(10),
   "p_desc"             VARCHAR2(50),
   constraint PK_PART primary key ("p_id")
);

/*==============================================================*/
/* Table: "project"                                             */
/*==============================================================*/
create table "project" 
(
   "pj_id"              INTEGER              not null,
   "pj_money"           FLOAT(10),
   "pj_date"            DATE,
   constraint PK_PROJECT primary key ("pj_id")
);

/*==============================================================*/
/* Table: "staff"                                               */
/*==============================================================*/
create table "staff" 
(
   "sf_id"              INTEGER              not null,
   "s_id"               INTEGER,
   "sta_sf_id"          INTEGER,
   "sf_name"            VARCHAR2(10),
   "sf_age"             SMALLINT,
   "sf_xname"           VARCHAR2(10),
   constraint PK_STAFF primary key ("sf_id")
);

/*==============================================================*/
/* Table: "storage"                                             */
/*==============================================================*/
create table "storage" 
(
   "s_id"               INTEGER              not null,
   "s_area"             FLOAT(10),
   "s_phone"            VARCHAR2(11),
   constraint PK_STORAGE primary key ("s_id")
);

/*==============================================================*/
/* Table: "storage_info"                                        */
/*==============================================================*/
create table "storage_info" 
(
   "s_id"               INTEGER              not null,
   "p_id"               INTEGER              not null,
   "sf_num"             INTEGER,
   constraint PK_STORAGE_INFO primary key ("s_id", "p_id")
);

/*==============================================================*/
/* Table: "supplier"                                            */
/*==============================================================*/
create table "supplier" 
(
   "sp_id"              INTEGER              not null,
   "sp_name"            VARCHAR2(10),
   "sp_address"         VARCHAR2(30),
   "sp_phone"           VARCHAR2(11),
   "sp_acount"          VARCHAR2(15),
   constraint PK_SUPPLIER primary key ("sp_id")
);

/*==============================================================*/
/* Table: "supply_info"                                         */
/*==============================================================*/
create table "supply_info" 
(
   "p_id"               INTEGER              not null,
   "pj_id"              INTEGER              not null,
   "sp_id"              INTEGER              not null,
   "sp_num"             INTEGER,
   constraint PK_SUPPLY_INFO primary key ("p_id", "pj_id", "sp_id")
);

四、sys授予系统权限，创建DBA账户

--------------------------   一些可能用得上的查询调试语句   ------------------------------------------ 
-- 命令行查看是否有远程连接权限
select * from user_sys_privs where privilege like upper('%DATABASE LINK%'); 
-- 命令行窗口使用system管理员去grant授权远程连接
grant CREATE DATABASE LINK to public; 
-- 查看远程连接
select * from dba_db_links;  
 -- 创建同义词
create public synonym stu for student;
select * from stu;	
--删除同义词
drop  synonym remote ;
-- 删除远程连接
drop database link linkname;
-- ORACLE 查找所有同义词
SELECT * FROM SYS.ALL_SYNONYMS t WHERE t.owner in ('C##HACHI');
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

------------------------------------   A机   ---------------------------------------------- 
conn sys/a123456 as sysdba; 
-- 授予所有用户连接权限
grant connect to public;
-- 授予所有用户创建远程连接权限，这样所有用户都可以创建和删除远程连接 database link
grant CREATE DATABASE LINK to public;
-- 授予所有用户创建同义词的权限,这样所有用户都可以创建和删除同义词 synonym
grant CREATE synonym to public;
-- DBA用户创建及授权
create user shj_dba IDENTIFIED by a123456;
grant dba,connect,resource to shj_dba;
commit;

 
------------------------------------   B机   ---------------------------------------------- 
conn sys/a123456 as sysdba; 
-- 授予所有用户连接权限
grant connect to public;
-- 授予所有用户创建远程连接权限，这样所有用户都可以创建和删除远程连接 database link
grant CREATE DATABASE LINK to public;
-- 授予所有用户创建同义词的权限,这样所有用户都可以创建和删除同义词 synonym
grant CREATE synonym to public;
-- DBA用户创建及授权
create user c##hachi IDENTIFIED by a123456;
grant dba,connect,resource to c##hachi;

五、双方各自创建的DBA账户再创建其他用户，以及私有同义词

------------------------------------   B机   ---------------------------------------------- 
conn c##hachi/a123456;
-- 供应商用户创建及授权
create user c##supplier IDENTIFIED by a123456 ;
grant SELECT,INSERT,DELETE,UPDATE on  "supplier" to c##supplier;
grant SELECT,INSERT,DELETE,UPDATE on "supply_info" to c##supplier;
grant SELECT on "part" to c##supplier;
grant SELECT on "project" to c##supplier;

-- 领导用户创建及授权
create user c##leader IDENTIFIED by a123456 ;
grant SELECT,INSERT,DELETE,UPDATE on "staff" to c##leader;
grant SELECT  on "supplier" to c##leader;
grant SELECT  on "supply_info" to c##leader;
grant SELECT  on "project" to c##leader;
grant SELECT,INSERT,DELETE,UPDATE  on "part" to c##leader;
grant SELECT,UPDATE  on "storage" to c##leader;
grant SELECT,INSERT,DELETE,UPDATE  on "storage_info" to c##leader;

-- 职工用户创建及授权
create user c##staff IDENTIFIED by a123456;
grant SELECT on "staff" to c##staff;
grant SELECT on "storage" to c##staff;

-- 创建4个不同用户权限的远程连接

conn c##hachi/a123456;
-- 本机DBA用户c##hachi，使用对方的DBA账户登录远程连接
create  database link  shj0dba   connect to shj_dba identified by "a123456" using '10.65.252.84/orcl';
-- 创建同义词
create  synonym remote_part for "part"@shj0dba;
create  synonym remote_project for "project"@shj0dba;
create  synonym remote_staff for "staff"@shj0dba;
create  synonym remote_storage for "storage"@shj0dba;
create  synonym remote_storage_info for "storage_info"@shj0dba;
create  synonym remote_supplier for "supplier"@shj0dba;
create  synonym remote_supply_info for "supply_info"@shj0dba;
select * from remote_supply_info;
commit;

 
conn c##leader/a123456;
-- 本机领导用户c##leader，使用对方的领导账户登录远程连接
create  database link  shj0leader   connect to shj_leader identified by "a123456" using '10.65.252.84/orcl';
create  synonym remote_part for shj_dba."part"@shj0leader;
create  synonym remote_project for shj_dba."project"@shj0leader;
create  synonym remote_staff for shj_dba."staff"@shj0leader;
create  synonym remote_storage for shj_dba."storage"@shj0leader;
create  synonym remote_storage_info for shj_dba."storage_info"@shj0leader;
create  synonym remote_supplier for shj_dba."supplier"@shj0leader;
create  synonym remote_supply_info for shj_dba."supply_info"@shj0leader;
select * from remote_supply_info;
 commit;

conn c##supplier/a123456;
-- 本机供应商用户c##supplier，使用对方的供应商账户登录远程连接
create  database link  shj0supplier   connect to shj_supplier identified by "a123456" using '10.65.252.84/orcl';
create  synonym remote_part for shj_dba."part"@shj0supplier;
create  synonym remote_project for shj_dba."project"@shj0supplier;
create  synonym remote_supplier for shj_dba."supplier"@shj0supplier;
create  synonym remote_supply_info for shj_dba."supply_info"@shj0supplier;
select * from remote_supply_info;
 commit;
 
conn c##staff/a123456;
-- 本机员工用户c##staff，使用对方的员工账户登录远程连接
create  database link  shj0staff   connect to shj_staff identified by "a123456" using '10.65.252.84/orcl';
create  synonym remote_staff for shj_dba."staff"@shj0staff ;
create  synonym remote_storage for shj_dba."storage"@shj0staff;
select * from remote_staff;
commit;

image-20201023011729623

------------------------------------   A机   ---------------------------------------------- 
conn shj_dba/a123456;
-- 供应商用户创建及授权
create user shj_supplier IDENTIFIED by a123456 ;
grant SELECT,INSERT,DELETE,UPDATE on  "supplier" to shj_supplier;
grant SELECT,INSERT,DELETE,UPDATE on "supply_info" to shj_supplier;
grant SELECT on "part" to shj_supplier;
grant SELECT on "project" to shj_supplier;

-- 领导用户创建及授权
create user shj_leader IDENTIFIED by a123456 ;
grant SELECT,INSERT,DELETE,UPDATE on "staff" to shj_leader;
grant SELECT  on "supplier" to shj_leader;
grant SELECT  on "supply_info" to shj_leader;
grant SELECT  on "project" to shj_leader;
grant SELECT,INSERT,DELETE,UPDATE  on "part" to shj_leader;
grant SELECT,UPDATE  on "storage" to shj_leader;
grant SELECT,INSERT,DELETE,UPDATE  on "storage_info" to shj_leader;

-- 职工用户创建及授权
create user shj_staff IDENTIFIED by a123456;
grant SELECT on "staff" to shj_staff;
grant SELECT on "storage" to shj_staff;
 commit;
 
 -- 删除同名同义词与连接
DROP SYNONYM remote_part;
DROP SYNONYM remote_project;
DROP SYNONYM remote_staff;
DROP SYNONYM remote_storage;
DROP SYNONYM remote_storage_info;
DROP SYNONYM remote_supplier;
DROP SYNONYM remote_supply_info;
drop database link c##0hachi;

-- 创建4个不同用户权限的远程连接

conn shj_dba/a123456;

-- 本机DBA用户shj_dba，使用对方的DBA账户登录远程连接
create  database link  c##0hachi connect to "c##hachi" identified by "a123456" using '10.82.156.248/orcl';
-- 创建同义词
create  synonym remote_part for "part"@c##0hachi;
create  synonym remote_project for "project"@c##0hachi;
create  synonym remote_staff for "staff"@c##0hachi;
create  synonym remote_storage for "storage"@c##0hachi;
create  synonym remote_storage_info for "storage_info"@c##0hachi;
create  synonym remote_supplier for "supplier"@c##0hachi;
create  synonym remote_supply_info for "supply_info"@c##0hachi;
select * from remote_supply_info;
commit;

 
conn shj_leader/a123456;
-- 本机领导用户shj_leader，使用对方的领导账户登录远程连接
create  database link  c##0leader   connect to "c##leader" identified by "a123456" using '10.82.156.248/orcl';
create  synonym remote_part for c##hachi."part"@c##0leader;
create  synonym remote_project for c##hachi."project"@c##0leader;
create  synonym remote_staff for c##hachi."staff"@c##0leader;
create  synonym remote_storage for c##hachi."storage"@c##0leader;
create  synonym remote_storage_info for c##hachi."storage_info"@c##0leader;
create  synonym remote_supplier for c##hachi."supplier"@c##0leader;
create  synonym remote_supply_info for c##hachi."supply_info"@c##0leader;
select * from remote_supply_info;
 commit;

conn shj_supplier/a123456;
-- 本机供应商用户shj_supplier，使用对方的供应商账户登录远程连接
create  database link  c##0supplier   connect to "c##supplier" identified by "a123456" using '10.82.156.248/orcl';
create  synonym remote_part for c##hachi."part"@c##0supplier;
create  synonym remote_project for c##hachi."project"@c##0supplier;
create  synonym remote_supplier for c##hachi."supplier"@c##0supplier;
create  synonym remote_supply_info for c##hachi."supply_info"@c##0supplier;
select * from remote_supply_info;
 commit;
 
conn shj_staff/a123456;
-- 本机员工用户shj_staff，使用对方的员工账户登录远程连接
create  database link  c##0staff   connect to "c##staff" identified by "a123456" using '10.82.156.248/orcl';
create  synonym remote_staff for c##hachi."staff"@c##0staff ;
create  synonym remote_storage for c##hachi."storage"@c##0staff;
select * from remote_staff;
commit;

image-20201023011822446

因为使用的wifi网络，采用DHCP协议动态分配IP地址，所以每一次两台笔记本的IP地址是不一样的，所以连接得删了再重新建立，同义词不用删了重新建立，重新创建一下database link连接就行了。
我这里建的都是私有连接，私有同义词，只有创建该连接的用户才可以使用，其他用户没有使用权限，是透明的，所以设置同名的同义词不影响。

  • 同义词创建后就可以使用同义词去增删改查对方的表了，这里贴两张图，各自私有建的连接，不影响各自的同名同义词。

image-20201023012624628image-20201023012748914

六、创建同步触发器与存储过程

  1. 可能由于版本问题，B机12C可以创建触发器同步备份A机的上的表，而A机不行。同时B机创建存储过程，执行存储过程，会触发B机的触发器去同步更新A机上的表。
  2. A机可以使用连接更新B机的数据，同时触发触发器更新A机自己的表。

下面以图文结合方式说明以上两点。

这里触发器和存储过程都建在c##hachi用户模式下。
在这里插入图片描述

6.1 触发器

触发器代码：

------------------------------------   B机 c##hachi模式下创建   ---------------------------------------------- 
-- 增删改part
drop trigger insert_update_delete_part;

create or replace trigger insert_update_delete_part after insert or update or delete
on  "part" for each row  
begin
	if inserting then
			 insert into remote_part("p_id","p_name","p_size","p_price","p_desc") values(:new."p_id",:new."p_name",:new."p_size",:new."p_price",:new."p_desc");
	elsif updating then
			  update remote_part set  remote_part."p_name"=:new."p_name",remote_part."p_size"=:new."p_size",remote_part."p_price"=:new."p_price",remote_part."p_desc"=:new."p_desc" where remote_part."p_id"=:new."p_id";
	elsif deleting then 
			 delete from remote_part where remote_part."p_id"=:old."p_id";
	end if;
end;

insert into "part" values(9,'eeeee',22,12,'eeeeee');
update "part" set "p_name"='abc',"p_size"=11,"p_price"=11,"p_desc"='abc' where "p_id"=9;
delete from "part" where "p_id"=9;

 
-- 增删改project
drop trigger insert_update_delete_project;

create or replace trigger insert_update_delete_project after insert or update or delete
on  "project" for each row
begin
	if inserting then
			 insert into remote_project("pj_id","pj_money","pj_date") values(:new."pj_id",:new."pj_money",:new."pj_date");
	elsif updating then
			  update remote_project set  remote_project."pj_money"=:new."pj_money",remote_project."pj_date"=:new."pj_date" where remote_project."pj_id"=:new."pj_id";
	elsif deleting then 
			 delete from remote_project where remote_project."pj_id"=:old."pj_id";
	end if;
end;

insert into "project" values(1,100,null);
update "project" set "pj_money"=200,"pj_date"=null where "pj_id"=1;
delete from "project" where "pj_id"=1;


-- 增删改staff
drop trigger insert_update_delete_staff;

create or replace trigger insert_update_delete_staff after insert or update or delete
on  "staff" for each row
begin
	if inserting then
			 insert into remote_staff("sf_id","s_id","sta_sf_id","sf_name","sf_age","sf_xname") values(:new."sf_id",:new."s_id",:new."sta_sf_id",:new."sf_name",:new."sf_age",:new."sf_xname");
	elsif updating then
			  update remote_staff set  remote_staff."sf_name"=:new."sf_name",remote_staff."sf_age"=:new."sf_age",remote_staff."sf_xname"=:new."sf_xname" where remote_staff."sf_id"=:new."sf_id";
	elsif deleting then 
			 delete from remote_staff where remote_staff."sf_id"=:old."sf_id";
	end if;
end;

insert into "staff" values(1,1,1,'Hachi',10,'Bit');
update "staff" set "sf_name"='BitHachi',"sf_xname"='bithachi' where "sf_id"=1;
delete from "staff" where "sf_id"=1;

-- 增删改storage
drop trigger insert_update_delete_storage;

create or replace trigger insert_update_delete_storage after insert or update or delete
on  "storage" for each row
begin
	if inserting then
			 insert into remote_storage("s_id","s_area","s_phone") values(:new."s_id",:new."s_area",:new."s_phone");
	elsif updating then
			  update remote_storage set  remote_storage."s_area"=:new."s_area",remote_storage."s_phone"=:new."s_phone" where remote_storage."s_id"=:new."s_id";
	elsif deleting then 
			 delete from remote_storage where remote_storage."s_id"=:old."s_id";
	end if;
end;

insert into "storage" values(1,100,'17683738511');
update "storage" set "s_area"=200,"s_phone"='17683838555' where "s_id"=1;
delete from "storage" where "s_id"=1;

-- 增删改storage_info
drop trigger insert_update_delete_storage_info;

create or replace trigger insert_update_delete_storage_info after insert or update or delete
on  "storage_info" for each row
begin
	if inserting then
			 insert into remote_storage_info("s_id","p_id","sf_num") values(:new."s_id",:new."p_id",:new."sf_num");
	elsif updating then
			  update remote_storage_info set  remote_storage_info."sf_num"=:new."sf_num"  where remote_storage_info."s_id"=:new."s_id" and remote_storage_info."p_id"=:new."p_id";
	elsif deleting then 
			 delete from remote_storage_info where remote_storage_info."s_id"=:old."s_id" and remote_storage_info."p_id"=:old."p_id";
	end if;
end;

insert into "storage_info" values(1,1,100);
update "storage_info" set "sf_num"=200  where "s_id"=1 and "p_id"=1;
delete from "storage_info" where "s_id"=1 and "p_id"=1;


-- 增删改supplier
drop trigger insert_update_delete_supplier;

create or replace trigger insert_update_delete_supplier after insert or update or delete
on  "supplier" for each row
begin
	if inserting then
			 insert into remote_supplier("sp_id","sp_name","sp_address","sp_phone","sp_acount") values(:new."sp_id",:new."sp_name",:new."sp_address",:new."sp_phone",:new."sp_acount");
	elsif updating then
			  update remote_supplier set  remote_supplier."sp_name"=:new."sp_name"  where remote_supplier."sp_id"=:new."sp_id";
	elsif deleting then 
			 delete from remote_supplier where remote_supplier."sp_id"=:old."sp_id" ;
	end if;
end;

insert into "supplier" values(1,'BitHachi','中国湖北','17683738511','1000001');
update "supplier" set "sp_name"='Hachi'  where "sp_id"=1  ;
delete from "supplier" where  "sp_id"=1;


-- 增删改supply_info
drop trigger insert_update_delete_supply_info;

create or replace trigger insert_update_delete_supply_info after insert or update or delete
on  "supply_info" for each row
begin
	if inserting then
			 insert into remote_supply_info("p_id","pj_id","sp_id","sp_num") values(:new."p_id",:new."pj_id",:new."sp_id",:new."sp_num");
	elsif updating then
			  update remote_supply_info set  remote_supply_info."sp_num"=:new."sp_num"  where remote_supply_info."p_id"=:new."p_id" and remote_supply_info."pj_id"=:new."pj_id" and remote_supply_info."sp_id"=:new."sp_id";
	elsif deleting then 
			 delete from remote_supply_info where remote_supply_info."p_id"=:old."p_id" and remote_supply_info."pj_id"=:old."pj_id" and remote_supply_info."sp_id"=:old."sp_id";
	end if;
end;

insert into "supply_info" values(1,1,1,100);
update "supply_info" set "sp_num"=200  where "p_id"=1 and "pj_id"=1 and "sp_id"=1 ;
delete from "supply_info" where "p_id"=1 and "pj_id"=1 and "sp_id"=1 ;

  • 这里触发器很多，我就演示一个。见下图：

    这张图是B机创建一个触发器实现remote_part同义词表示的A机的part表的同步更新。

image-20201023014536530

现在我们在A机上使用同义词进行插入、修改、删除，会触发B机的触发器同步更新B机和A机的表数据。

img

6.3 存储过程

这里B机创建了一个存储过程，B机调用存储过程可以实现B机和A机的同步更新。

先贴代码再放截图流程

-- 查询数据
drop procedure select_data;
create procedure select_data 
(var_datas out sys_refcursor) AS  
begin 
	OPEN var_datas for select * from "part"; 
end select_data;
var datas refcursor;
exec select_data(:datas);
print:datas;

-- 增加数据
drop procedure insert_data;
create procedure insert_data
(var_id "part"."p_id"%TYPE,var_name "part"."p_name"%TYPE,var_size "part"."p_size"%TYPE,var_price "part"."p_price"%TYPE,var_desc "part"."p_desc"%TYPE) 
AS   
begin  
	INSERT INTO "part" values(var_id,var_name,var_size,var_price,var_desc);
end insert_data;
exec insert_data(2,'ANIVJO',22,15,'DFGDG');

-- 修改数据
drop procedure update_data;
create procedure update_data
(var_id "part"."p_id"%TYPE,var_name "part"."p_name"%TYPE)  
AS  
begin  
	UPDATE "part" SET "p_name"=var_name  WHERE "p_id"=var_id;
end update_data;
exec update_data(2,'BitHachi');


-- 删除数据
drop procedure delete_data;
create procedure delete_data
(var_id "part"."p_id"%TYPE)  
AS  
begin  
	DELETE FROM "part" WHERE "p_id"=var_id;
end delete_data;
exec delete_data(2);

image-20201023020723206

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