LINQ to Entities 查询二

其他 2020-10-19 10:54:42 阅读次数: 0

5、分区

本主题中的示例演示如何使用 Skip<TSource> 和 Take<TSource> 方法，通过使用查询表达式语法来查询 AdventureWorks 销售模型。 这些示例中使用的 AdventureWorks 销售模型从 AdventureWorks 示例数据库中的 Contact、Address、Product、SalesOrderHeader 和 SalesOrderDetail 等表生成。


以下示例使用 Skip<TSource> 方法以获取 Contact 表中除前五个联系人之外的所有联系人。

using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    // LINQ to Entities only supports Skip on ordered collections.
    IOrderedQueryable<Product> products = context.Products
            .OrderBy(p => p.ListPrice);

    IQueryable<Product> allButFirst3Products = products.Skip(3);

    Console.WriteLine("All but first 3 products:");
    foreach (Product product in allButFirst3Products)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Name: {0} \t ID: {1}",
            product.Name,
            product.ProductID);
    }
}

以下示例使用  Skip<TSource>  方法以获取 Seattle 的前两个地址之外的所有地址。 

using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    ObjectSet<Address> addresses = context.Addresses;
    ObjectSet<SalesOrderHeader> orders = context.SalesOrderHeaders;

    //LINQ to Entities only supports Skip on ordered collections.
    var query = (
        from address in addresses
        from order in orders
        where address.AddressID == order.Address.AddressID
             && address.City == "Seattle"
        orderby order.SalesOrderID
        select new
        {
            City = address.City,
            OrderID = order.SalesOrderID,
            OrderDate = order.OrderDate
        }).Skip(2);

    Console.WriteLine("All but first 2 orders in Seattle:");
    foreach (var order in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("City: {0} Order ID: {1} Total Due: {2:d}",
            order.City, order.OrderID, order.OrderDate);
    }

以下示例使用  Take<TSource>  方法以只从 Contact 表中获取前五个联系人。 

using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    IQueryable<Contact> first5Contacts = context.Contacts.Take(5);

    Console.WriteLine("First 5 contacts:");
    foreach (Contact contact in first5Contacts)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Title = {0} \t FirstName = {1} \t Lastname = {2}",
            contact.Title,
            contact.FirstName,
            contact.LastName);
    }
}

以下示例使用  Take<TSource>  方法以获取 Seattle 的前三个地址。 

String city = "Seattle";
using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    ObjectSet<Address> addresses = context.Addresses;
    ObjectSet<SalesOrderHeader> orders = context.SalesOrderHeaders;

    var query = (
        from address in addresses
        from order in orders
        where address.AddressID == order.Address.AddressID
             && address.City == city
        select new
        {
            City = address.City,
            OrderID = order.SalesOrderID,
            OrderDate = order.OrderDate
        }).Take(3);
    Console.WriteLine("First 3 orders in Seattle:");
    foreach (var order in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("City: {0} Order ID: {1} Total Due: {2:d}",
            order.City, order.OrderID, order.OrderDate);
    }
}


6、转换

下面的示例使用 ToArray<TSource> 方法立即将序列计算为数组。

using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    ObjectSet<Product> products = context.Products;

    Product[] prodArray = (
        from product in products
        orderby product.ListPrice descending
        select product).ToArray();

    Console.WriteLine("Every price from highest to lowest:");
    foreach (Product product in prodArray)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(product.ListPrice);
    }
}

以下示例使用  ToDictionary  方法以立即将序列和相关的键表达式转换为字典。 
using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    ObjectSet<Product> products = context.Products;

    Dictionary<String, Product> scoreRecordsDict = products.
            ToDictionary(record => record.Name);

    Console.WriteLine("Top Tube's ProductID: {0}",
            scoreRecordsDict["Top Tube"].ProductID);
}

以下示例使用  ToList<TSource>  方法以立即将序列转换为  List<T> ，其中， T  属于类型  DataRow 。 
using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    ObjectSet<Product> products = context.Products;

    List<Product> query =
        (from product in products
         orderby product.Name
         select product).ToList();

    Console.WriteLine("The product list, ordered by product name:");
    foreach (Product product in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(product.Name.ToLower(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));
    }
}

7、连接运算符

以下示例针对 SalesOrderHeader 表和 SalesOrderDetail 表执行 GroupJoin 以查找每个客户的订单数。 组联接等效于左外部联接，它返回第一个（左侧）数据源的每个元素（即使其他数据源中没有关联元素）。

using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    ObjectSet<SalesOrderHeader> orders = context.SalesOrderHeaders;
    ObjectSet<SalesOrderDetail> details = context.SalesOrderDetails;

    var query = orders.GroupJoin(details, 
        order => order.SalesOrderID,
        detail => detail.SalesOrderID,
        (order, orderGroup) => new
        {
            CustomerID = order.SalesOrderID,
            OrderCount = orderGroup.Count()
        });

    foreach (var order in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("CustomerID: {0}  Orders Count: {1}",
            order.CustomerID,
            order.OrderCount);
    }

}

下面的示例对 Contact 和 SalesOrderHeader 表执行 GroupJoin 以查找每个联系人的订单数。   将显示每个联系人的订单数和 ID。 
using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    ObjectSet<Contact> contacts = context.Contacts;
    ObjectSet<SalesOrderHeader> orders = context.SalesOrderHeaders;

    var query = contacts.GroupJoin(orders, 
        contact => contact.ContactID,
        order => order.Contact.ContactID,
        (contact, contactGroup) => new
        {
            ContactID = contact.ContactID,
            OrderCount = contactGroup.Count(),
            Orders = contactGroup
        });

    foreach (var group in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("ContactID: {0}", group.ContactID);
        Console.WriteLine("Order count: {0}", group.OrderCount);
        foreach (var orderInfo in group.Orders)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("   Sale ID: {0}", orderInfo.SalesOrderID);
        }
        Console.WriteLine("");
    }
    }

以下示例针对 Contact 表和 SalesOrderHeader 表执行联接。 
using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    ObjectSet<Contact> contacts = context.Contacts;
    ObjectSet<SalesOrderHeader> orders = context.SalesOrderHeaders;

    var query =
        contacts.Join(
            orders,
            order => order.ContactID,
            contact => contact.Contact.ContactID,
            (contact, order) => new
            {
                ContactID = contact.ContactID,
                SalesOrderID = order.SalesOrderID,
                FirstName = contact.FirstName,
                Lastname = contact.LastName,
                TotalDue = order.TotalDue
            });

    foreach (var contact_order in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("ContactID: {0} "
                        + "SalesOrderID: {1} "
                        + "FirstName: {2} "
                        + "Lastname: {3} "
                        + "TotalDue: {4}",
            contact_order.ContactID,
            contact_order.SalesOrderID,
            contact_order.FirstName,
            contact_order.Lastname,
            contact_order.TotalDue);
    }
}

以下示例针对 Contact 表和 SalesOrderHeader 表执行联接，同时按联系人 ID 对结果分组。 
using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    ObjectSet<Contact> contacts = context.Contacts;
    ObjectSet<SalesOrderHeader> orders = context.SalesOrderHeaders;

    var query = contacts.Join(
        orders,
        order => order.ContactID,
        contact => contact.Contact.ContactID,
        (contact, order) => new
        {
            ContactID = contact.ContactID,
            SalesOrderID = order.SalesOrderID,
            FirstName = contact.FirstName,
            Lastname = contact.LastName,
            TotalDue = order.TotalDue
        })
            .GroupBy(record => record.ContactID);

    foreach (var group in query)
    {
        foreach (var contact_order in group)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("ContactID: {0} "
                            + "SalesOrderID: {1} "
                            + "FirstName: {2} "
                            + "Lastname: {3} "
                            + "TotalDue: {4}",
                contact_order.ContactID,
                contact_order.SalesOrderID,
                contact_order.FirstName,
                contact_order.Lastname,
                contact_order.TotalDue);
        }
    }
}

8、元素运算符

以下示例使用 First 方法查找以“caroline”开头的第一个电子邮件地址。

string name = "caroline";
using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    ObjectSet<Contact> contacts = context.Contacts;

    Contact query = contacts.First(contact =>
        contact.EmailAddress.StartsWith(name));

    Console.WriteLine("An email address starting with 'caroline': {0}",
        query.EmailAddress);
}

9、分组

下面的示例使用 GroupBy 方法来返回按邮政编码分组的 Address 对象。 这些结果将投影到一个匿名类型。

using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    var query = context.Addresses
        .GroupBy( address => address.PostalCode);                     

    foreach (IGrouping<string, Address> addressGroup in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Postal Code: {0}", addressGroup.Key);
        foreach (Address address in addressGroup)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("\t" + address.AddressLine1 +
                address.AddressLine2);
        }
    }
}

下面的示例使用 GroupBy 方法来返回按联系人姓氏的首字母分组的 Contact 对象。   这些结果还按姓氏的首字母进行排序，并投影到一个匿名类型。 
using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    var query = context.Contacts
        .GroupBy(c => c.LastName.Substring(0,1))
        .OrderBy(c => c.Key);

    foreach (IGrouping<string, Contact> group in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Last names that start with the letter '{0}':",
            group.Key);
        foreach (Contact contact in group)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(contact.LastName);
        }

    }
}

下面的示例使用 GroupBy 方法来返回按客户 ID 分组的 SalesOrderHeader 对象。   同时还返回每个客户的销售数量。 
using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    var query = context.SalesOrderHeaders
        .GroupBy(order => order.CustomerID);

    foreach (IGrouping<int, SalesOrderHeader> group in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Customer ID: {0}", group.Key);
        Console.WriteLine("Order count: {0}", group.Count());

        foreach (SalesOrderHeader sale in group)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("   Sale ID: {0}", sale.SalesOrderID);
        }
        Console.WriteLine("");                    
    }
}

10、导航关系

实体框架中的导航属性是快捷方式属性，用于定位位于关联各端的实体。 导航属性允许用户通过关联集从一个实体导航到另一个实体或从一个实体导航到多个相关的实体。 本主题以基于方法的查询语法提供相关的示例，以介绍如何通过 LINQ to Entities 查询中的导航属性来导航关系。


以下示例采用基于方法的查询语法，使用 SelectMany 方法以获取其姓氏为“Zhou”的联系人的所有订单。 Contact.SalesOrderHeader 导航属性用于获取每个联系人的SalesOrderHeader 对象的集合。

string lastName = "Zhou";
using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    IQueryable<SalesOrderHeader> ordersQuery = context.Contacts
        .Where(c => c.LastName == lastName)
        .SelectMany(c => c.SalesOrderHeaders);

    foreach (var order in ordersQuery)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Order ID: {0}, Order date: {1}, Total Due: {2}",
            order.SalesOrderID, order.OrderDate, order.TotalDue);
    }
}

采用基于方法的查询语法的以下示例使用 Select 方法以获取所有联系人 ID 和姓氏为“Zhou”的每个联系人的应付款总计。   Contact.SalesOrderHeader 导航属性用于获取每个联系人的 SalesOrderHeader 对象的集合。   Sum 方法使用 Contact.SalesOrderHeader 导航属性以汇总每个联系人的所有订单的应付款总计。 
string lastName = "Zhou";
using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    var ordersQuery = context.Contacts
        .Where(c => c.LastName == lastName)
        .Select(c => new
        {
            ContactID = c.ContactID,
            Total = c.SalesOrderHeaders.Sum(o => o.TotalDue)
        });

    foreach (var contact in ordersQuery)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Contact ID: {0} Orders total: {1}", contact.ContactID, contact.Total);
    }
}

采用基于方法的查询语法的以下示例获取其姓氏为“Zhou”的联系人的所有订单。   Contact.SalesOrderHeader 导航属性用于获取每个联系人的 SalesOrderHeader 对象的集合。   联系人的姓名和订单以匿名类型返回。 
string lastName = "Zhou";
using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    var ordersQuery = context.Contacts
        .Where(c => c.LastName == lastName)
        .Select(c => new { LastName = c.LastName, Orders = c.SalesOrderHeaders });

    foreach (var order in ordersQuery)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}", order.LastName);
        foreach (SalesOrderHeader orderInfo in order.Orders)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Order ID: {0}, Order date: {1}, Total Due: {2}",
                orderInfo.SalesOrderID, orderInfo.OrderDate, orderInfo.TotalDue);
        }
        Console.WriteLine("");
    }
}

以下示例使用 SalesOrderHeader.Address 和 SalesOrderHeader.Contact 导航属性以获取与每个订单关联的 Address 对象和 Contact 对象的集合。   Seattle 城市发生的每个订单的联系人姓氏、街道地址、销售订单号和应付款总计将以匿名类型返回。 
string city = "Seattle";
using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    var ordersQuery = context.SalesOrderHeaders
        .Where(o => o.Address.City == city)
        .Select(o => new
        {
            ContactLastName = o.Contact.LastName,
            ContactFirstName = o.Contact.FirstName,
            StreetAddress = o.Address.AddressLine1,
            OrderNumber = o.SalesOrderNumber,
            TotalDue = o.TotalDue
        });

    foreach (var orderInfo in ordersQuery)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}, {1}", orderInfo.ContactLastName, orderInfo.ContactFirstName);
        Console.WriteLine("Street address: {0}", orderInfo.StreetAddress);
        Console.WriteLine("Order number: {0}", orderInfo.OrderNumber);
        Console.WriteLine("Total Due: {0}", orderInfo.TotalDue);
        Console.WriteLine("");
    }
}

以下示例使用  Where  方法以查找在 2003 年 12 月 1 日之后生成的订单，然后使用  order.SalesOrderDetail  导航属性以获取每个订单的详细信息。 
using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    IQueryable<SalesOrderHeader> query =
        from order in context.SalesOrderHeaders
        where order.OrderDate >= new DateTime(2003, 12, 1)
        select order;


    Console.WriteLine("Orders that were made after December 1, 2003:");
    foreach (SalesOrderHeader order in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("OrderID {0} Order date: {1:d} ",
            order.SalesOrderID, order.OrderDate);
        foreach (SalesOrderDetail orderDetail in order.SalesOrderDetails)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("  Product ID: {0} Unit Price {1}",
                orderDetail.ProductID, orderDetail.UnitPrice);
        }
    }
}


猜你喜欢

转载自blog.csdn.net/xiongxyt2/article/details/8143654
今日推荐
TIOBE 5 月榜单：Fortran “复活”进入 Top 10
GCC 14.1 发布
面壁智能发布 Eurux-8x22B 开源大模型 —— 堪称「理科状元」
开源日报 | 谷歌扶持鸿蒙上位；开源Rabbit R1；Docker加持的安卓手机；微软的焦虑和野心；海尔电器把开放平台关了
中国码农的“35岁魔咒”
蘭雅 CorelDRAW 插件 2024.5.1 国际劳动节版，免费下载
Arc Browser for Windows 1.0 正式 GA
90后程序员开发视频搬运软件、不到一年获利超 700 万，结局很刑！
周排行
基本数据类型封装类比较 Java源码解读(一) 8种基本类型对应的封装类型
JS实现无缝滚动上
深入解析HashMap原理（基于JDK1.8）
mysql的连接池
关于.htc
linux下的ubuntu12.04图形界面
【数论】好推不好记的扩展欧几里德
设备树详解
cscope + tags 简单设置
xml学习
每日归档
更多
2024-05-09(35)
2024-05-08(42)
2024-05-07(14)
2024-05-06(40)
2024-05-05(0)
2024-05-04(7)
2024-05-03(19)
2024-05-02(0)
2024-05-01(4)
2024-04-30(1)

代码天地 © 2018 codetd.com

境外服务器   最新电视剧2022