使用python实现一个记事本，实现了主要的功能。
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2020/10/13
# @Author : aurora
# @Site :
# @File : note.py
# @Version : 1.0
# @Python Version : 3.7
# @Software: PyCharm
from tkinter import *
from tkinter.filedialog import *
from tkinter.messagebox import *
from tkinter import scrolledtext
import os
filename = ''
def author(): # 定义作者函数
showinfo(title="作者", message="aurora") # tkinter.messagebox 模块中的showinfo()函数 展示一个小的图形用户界面（弹窗） 展示文本message信息
def power(): # 定义版权函数
showinfo(title="版权信息", message="版权归aurora所有")
def edition():
showinfo(title="版本号", message="version 1.0")
def new_file(*args): # 新建文件 可变长参数
global top, filename, textPad # 全局变量
top.title("未命名文件") # 界面标题由记事本改为 未命名文件
filename = None # 文件名
textPad.delete(1.0, END) # ？？？
def open_file(*args): # 打开文件
global filename # 全局变量 文件名
filename = askopenfilename(defaultextension=".txt") #
if filename == "":
filename = None
else:
top.title("" + os.path.basename(filename)) # 系统路径文件名
textPad.delete(1.0, END)
f = open(filename, 'r', encoding="utf-8") # 打开文件 新建文件对象f 利用open函数 指定文件名 操作模式r（默认） 写入 编码方式 utf—8
textPad.insert(1.0, f.read())
f.close() # 关闭文件对象
def click_open(event): # 点击打开
global filename
top.title("" + os.path.basename(filename)) # 调用系统的方法
textPad.delete(1.0, END)
f = open(filename, 'r', encoding="utf-8")
textPad.insert(1.0, f.read()) # 读入
f.close()
def save(*args): # 保存
global filename
try:
f = open(filename, 'w', encoding="utf-8")
msg = textPad.get(1.0, 'end')
f.write(msg)
f.close()
except:
save_as() # 如果不能保存，就执行另存为的函数save_as
def save_as(*args): # 另存为
global filename
f = asksaveasfilename(initialfile="未命名.txt", defaultextension=".txt")
filename = f
fh = open(f, 'w', encoding="utf-8")
msg = textPad.get(1.0, END)
fh.write(msg)
fh.close()
top.title("" + os.path.basename(f))
def rename(newname): # 系统重命名函数
global filename
name = os.path.basename(os.path.splitext(filename)[0])
oldpath = filename
newpath = os.path.dirname(oldpath) + '/' + newname + '.txt'
os.rename(oldpath, newpath)
filename = newpath
refresh() # 调用刷新函数
def rename_file(*args): # 重命名
global filename
t = Toplevel()
t.geometry("260x80+200+250")
t.title('重命名')
frame = Frame(t)
frame.pack(fill=X)
lable = Label(frame, text="文件名")
lable.pack(side=LEFT, padx=5)
var = StringVar()
e1 = Entry(frame, textvariable=var)
e1.pack(expand=YES, fill=X, side=RIGHT)
botton = Button(t, text="确定", command=lambda: rename(var.get()))
botton.pack(side=BOTTOM, pady=10)
def delete(*args): # 删除
global filename, top
choice = askokcancel('提示', '要执行此操作吗')
if choice:
if os.path.exists(filename):
os.remove(filename)
textPad.delete(1.0, END)
top.title("记事本")
filename = ''
def cut(): # 剪切函数
global textPad
textPad.event_generate("<<Cut>>")
def copy(): # 复制函数
global textPad
textPad.event_generate("<<Copy>>")
def paste(): # 粘贴函数
global textPad
textPad.event_generate("<<Paste>>")
def undo(): # 撤销
global textPad
textPad.event_generate("<<Undo>>")
def redo(): # 重做
global textPad
textPad.event_generate("<<Redo>>")
def select_all(): # 全选
global textPad
textPad.tag_add("sel", "1.0", "end")
def find(*agrs): # 查找栏上面的查找界面
global textPad
t = Toplevel(top)
t.title("查找")
t.geometry("260x60+200+250") # 图形用户界面的大小
t.transient(top)
Label(t, text="查找：").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="e")
v = StringVar()
e = Entry(t, width=20, textvariable=v)
e.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=2, pady=2, sticky="we")
e.focus_set()
c = IntVar()
Checkbutton(t, text="不区分大小写", variable=c).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky='e')
Button(t, text="查找所有", command=lambda: search(v.get(), c.get(), textPad, t, e)).grid\
(row=0, column=2, sticky="e" + "w", padx=2, pady=2) # 图形界面中的按钮
def close_search(): # 函数内部定义函数 关闭查找
textPad.tag_remove("match", "1.0", END)
t.destroy()
t.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", close_search)
def mypopup(event): # 弹出菜单
global editmenu
editmenu.tk_popup(event.x_root, event.y_root)
def search(needle, cssnstv, textPad, t, e): # 文章内部进行查找 匹配的函数
textPad.tag_remove("match", "1.0", END)
count = 0
if needle:
start = 1.0
while True:
pos = textPad.search(needle, start, nocase=cssnstv, stopindex=END)
if not pos:
break
strlist = pos.split('.') # 分割字符串
left = strlist[0]
right = str(int(strlist[1]) + len(needle))
lastpos = left + '.' + right
textPad.tag_add("match", pos, lastpos)
count += 1
start = lastpos
textPad.tag_config('match', background="yellow") # 查找到的元素变为高亮的黄色 突出显示
e.focus_set()
t.title(str(count) + "个被匹配") #
def refresh(): # 刷新函数
global top, filename
if filename:
top.title(os.path.basename(filename))
else:
top.title("记事本")
top = Tk() # 新建图形用户界面（主界面）
top.title("记事本") # 顶层标题
top.geometry("640x480+500+200") # 界面大小
menubar = Menu(top)
# 文件功能
# Menu类控件用来实现顶层/下拉/弹出菜单
filemenu = Menu(top) # 创建一个顶级菜单
# 通过add_command函数添加一个下拉的子菜单
filemenu.add_command(label="新建", accelerator="Ctrl+N", command=new_file) # 创建一个下拉菜单“新建”，然后将它添加到顶级菜单中 command绑定点击后调用的函数
filemenu.add_command(label="打开", accelerator="Ctrl+O", command=open_file)
filemenu.add_command(label="保存", accelerator="Ctrl+S", command=save)
filemenu.add_command(label="另存为", accelerator="Ctrl+shift+s", command=save_as)
filemenu.add_command(label="重命名", accelerator="Ctrl+R", command=rename_file)
filemenu.add_command(label="删除", accelerator="Ctrl+D", command=delete)
menubar.add_cascade(label="文件(F)", menu=filemenu) # 文件
# 编辑功能
editmenu = Menu(top)
editmenu.add_command(label="撤销", accelerator="Ctrl+Z", command=undo)
editmenu.add_command(label="重做", accelerator="Ctrl+Y", command=redo)
editmenu.add_separator() # 分割线
editmenu.add_command(label="剪切", accelerator="Ctrl+X", command=cut)
editmenu.add_command(label="复制", accelerator="Ctrl+C", command=copy)
editmenu.add_command(label="粘贴", accelerator="Ctrl+V", command=paste)
editmenu.add_separator()
editmenu.add_command(label="查找", accelerator="Ctrl+F", command=find)
editmenu.add_command(label="全选", accelerator="Ctrl+A", command=select_all)
menubar.add_cascade(label="编辑(E)", menu=editmenu) # 编辑
# 关于 功能
aboutmenu = Menu(top)
aboutmenu.add_command(label="作者", command=author)
aboutmenu.add_command(label="版权", command=power)
aboutmenu.add_command(label="版本", command=edition) #
menubar.add_cascade(label="关于(A)", menu=aboutmenu) # 关于
top['menu'] = menubar
shortcutbar = Frame(top, height=25, bg='Silver')
shortcutbar.pack(expand=NO, fill=X)
textPad = Text(top, undo=True)
textPad.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH)
scroll = Scrollbar(textPad)
textPad.config(yscrollcommand=scroll.set)
scroll.config(command=textPad.yview)
scroll.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y)
# 热键绑定 考虑大小写
textPad.bind("<Control-N>", new_file)
textPad.bind("<Control-n>", new_file)
textPad.bind("<Control-O>", open_file)
textPad.bind("<Control-o>", open_file)
textPad.bind("<Control-S>", save)
textPad.bind("<Control-s>", save)
textPad.bind("<Control-D>", delete)
textPad.bind("<Control-d>", delete)
textPad.bind("<Control-R>", rename_file)
textPad.bind("<Control-r>", rename_file)
textPad.bind("<Control-A>", select_all)
textPad.bind("<Control-a>", select_all)
textPad.bind("<Control-F>", find)
textPad.bind("<Control-f>", find)
textPad.bind("<Button-3>", mypopup) #
top.mainloop() # 进入主循环
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