基于java的zabbix4.4 API开发

其他 2020-09-22 10:05:53 阅读次数: 0

为什么要写这篇博客呢，是因为最近做的视频结构化运维系统有集成zabbix做服务器监控，项目需要调用zabbix得api来获取服务器的指标。所以呢边学习便记录。

api开发有两种方式，一种是基于zabbix4j得jar包开发，一种是http直接调用，今天得博客就是通过http来调用，因为zabbix4j有些许毛病。

在学习api之前，建议先去zabbix官方看看文档，学习一下zabbix的api有哪些参数，数据传递格式是怎样的，还有学习一下zabbix的专业术语，否则下面别看了。

官方api文档：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/current/manual/api

api列表：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/current/manual/api/reference

1.新建了个zabbix项目，什么jar包都没导，不需要，主要学习调用zabbix的api流程

先配置一下zabbix所需的配置

#zabbix的api请求地址
zabbix.url=http://192.168.57.128
zabbix.interface=/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php
#zabbix的jsonrpc版本
zabbix.jsonrpc = 2.0
zabbix.username=Admin
zabbix.password=zabbix

2.封装个http工具类用来向zabbix发送请求，不想封装的也可以用hutool，有现成的大量的工具类，hutool安排

package com.xrj.zabbix.tools;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;

public class HttpUtils {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpUtils.class);
    /**
     * @param url 请求zabbix接口的地址
     * @param param 请求的参数
     * @param method 请求方法
     */
    public static String post(String url , String param , String method){
        HttpURLConnection connection = null;
        DataOutputStream out = null;
        BufferedReader reader = null;
        StringBuffer sb = null;
        try {
            //创建连接
            URL linkUrl = new URL(url);
            connection = (HttpURLConnection) linkUrl.openConnection();
            //默认链接设置
            connection.setDoOutput(true);
            connection.setDoInput(true);
            connection.setUseCaches(false);
            connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
            connection.setRequestMethod(method);
            connection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json"); // 设置接收数据的格式
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json"); // 设置发送数据的格式
            //链接连接
            connection.connect();

            //POST请求
            out = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
            //设置发送的编码格式
            out.write(param.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            out.flush();

            //读取响应
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));
            String lines;
            sb = new StringBuffer("");
            while ((lines = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                lines = new String(lines.getBytes(), "utf-8");
                sb.append(lines);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            logger.error("错误信息：" + e.getMessage());
        } finally {
            if (out != null) {
                try {
                    out.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    logger.error("错误信息：" + e.getMessage());
                }
            }
            if (reader != null) {
                try {
                    reader.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    logger.error("错误信息：" + e.getMessage());
                }
            }
            if (connection != null) {
                connection.disconnect();
            }
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
}

3.再封装个zabbix的请求体，因为请求zabbix接口时的请求体是这样的：

{ 
    “ jsonrpc” ： “ 2.0”，
     “ method” ： “ host.get”，
     “ params” ： { 
        “ output” ： [ 
            “ hostid”，
             “ host” 
        ]，
         “ selectInterfaces” ： [ 
            “ interfaceid”，
             “ ip” 
        ] 
    }，
     “ id” ： 2，
     “ auth” ： “ 0424bd59b807674191e7d77572075f33” 
}

其中包含了以下属性：

  • jsonrpc-API使用的JSON-RPC协议版本；Zabbix API实现JSON-RPC版本2.0；
  • method- 被调用的API方法；
  • params-将传递给API方法的参数；
  • id -请求的任意标识符；
  • auth-用户认证令牌；由于我们还没有，所以设置为null。
所以我将这5个属性封装成实体类：
  
package com.xrj.zabbix.tools;

import lombok.Data;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;

import java.io.Serializable;
@Data
@Accessors(chain = true)
public class ZabbixRequest implements Serializable {
    /**
     *
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private Integer id = 1;
    private String jsonrpc="2.0"; // 状态代码
    private String method; // 代码信息
    private Object params;
    private String auth;

    public ZabbixRequest(String method) {
        this.method = method;
    }

    public ZabbixRequest(String method, Object params) {
        this.method = method;
        this.params = params;
    }

    public ZabbixRequest(String method, Object params, String auth) {
        this.method = method;
        this.params = params;
        this.auth = auth;
    }

}

4.再封装一个zabbixTools，内容如下，主要用于封装post请求方法：

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package com.xrj.zabbix.tools;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class ZabbixTools {

    private static String ZABBIX_URL;
    private static String ZABBIX_INTERFACE;
    @Value("${zabbix.url}")
    public void setZabbixUrl(String zabbixUrl) {
        ZabbixTools.ZABBIX_URL = zabbixUrl;
    }
    @Value("${zabbix.interface}")
    public void setZabbixInterface(String zabbixInterface) {
        ZabbixTools.ZABBIX_INTERFACE = zabbixInterface;
    }

    /**
     * 向zabbix发送post请求
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    public static String sendPost(ZabbixRequest request) {
        return HttpUtils.post(ZABBIX_URL + ZABBIX_INTERFACE, JSON.toJSONString(request), "POST");
    }

    public static String sendPost(String url, ZabbixRequest request) {
        return HttpUtils.post(url + ZABBIX_INTERFACE, JSON.toJSONString(request), "POST");
    }

    public static String sendPost(String url, String port, ZabbixRequest request) {
        return HttpUtils.post(url + ":" + port + ZABBIX_INTERFACE, JSON.toJSONString(request), "POST");
    }
}

5.测试一下接口，在调用接口时，要先模拟登录拿到令牌，像token那样，拿到令牌后才能正常获取数据（下面测试获取服务器总内存，实际972M，有点少哈哈）。

package com.xrj.zabbix;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.xrj.zabbix.tools.ZabbixRequest;
import com.xrj.zabbix.tools.ZabbixTools;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@SpringBootTest
class ZabbixApplicationTests {
    @Value("${zabbix.username}")
    private String USERNAME;

    @Value("${zabbix.password}")
    private String PASSWORD;


    @Test
    void zabbixTools(){
        //全局zabbixRequest
        ZabbixRequest zabbixRequest=null;


        //获取zabbix权限begin
        Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        params.put("user", USERNAME);

        params.put("password", PASSWORD);

        zabbixRequest=new ZabbixRequest("user.login",params,null);
        String response= ZabbixTools.sendPost(zabbixRequest);

        //拿到auth
        JSONObject json = JSON.parseObject(response);
        String auth=json.getString("result");
        System.out.println(auth);

        //获取服务器内存信息
        //1.通过ip获取服务器的唯一标识
        Map<String, Object> filter = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        filter.put("ip", "192.168.57.128");
        params.clear();
        params.put("output", "extend");
        params.put("filter", filter);
        zabbixRequest=new ZabbixRequest("host.get",params,auth);
        String response1= ZabbixTools.sendPost(zabbixRequest);

        JSONArray result = JSON.parseObject(response1).getJSONArray("result");
        String hostid=null;
        if (result.size() > 0) {
            JSONObject json1 = result.getJSONObject(0);
            hostid = json1.getString("hostid");
            System.out.println(hostid);
        }else{
            System.out.println("未获取到hostid");
        }

        //2.获取监控项唯一标识
        String key="system.swap.size[,total]";
        Map<String, Object> search = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        search.put("key_", key);
        params.clear();
        params.put("output", "extend");
        params.put("hostids", hostid);
        params.put("search", search);
        zabbixRequest=new ZabbixRequest("item.get",params,auth);
        String response2= ZabbixTools.sendPost(zabbixRequest);
        JSONArray result1=JSON.parseObject(response2).getJSONArray("result");
        String itemid=null;
        if (result1.size() > 0) {
            JSONObject json2 = result1.getJSONObject(0);
            if (json2 != null) {
                itemid=json2.getString("itemid");
                System.out.println(itemid);
            }
        }

        //3.获取当前数据
        params.clear();
        params.put("output", "extend");
        params.put("itemids", itemid);
        zabbixRequest=new ZabbixRequest("item.get",params,auth);
        String response3= ZabbixTools.sendPost(zabbixRequest);
        JSONArray result2 = JSON.parseObject(response3).getJSONArray("result");
        System.out.println(result2.getJSONObject(0).getIntValue("lastvalue"));
    }

}

打印结果如下（返回的数据是以bety为单位）：

1019580416

1019580416字节换算成M为972.347M，我们来看看监控页面的值：

数据一样，没有毛病。

6.到这里zabbix的api调用流程就写完了，接下来送一份zabbix接口开发的工具类：

package com.xrj.zabbix.tools;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.*;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
public class ZabbixUtil {

    private static String URL = "http://192.168.57.128/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php";

    private static String AUTH = null;

    private static final String USERNAME = "Admin";

    private static final String PASSWORD = "zabbix";


    /**
     * 向Zabbix发送Post请求，并返回json格式字符串
     *
     * @param map 请求参数
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String sendPost(Map map) {
        String param = JSON.toJSONString(map);
        HttpURLConnection connection = null;
        DataOutputStream out = null;
        BufferedReader reader = null;
        StringBuffer sb = null;
        try {
            //创建连接
            URL url = new URL(URL);
            connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            connection.setDoOutput(true);
            connection.setDoInput(true);
            connection.setUseCaches(false);
            connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            connection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json"); // 设置接收数据的格式
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json"); // 设置发送数据的格式

            connection.connect();

            //POST请求
            out = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
            out.writeBytes(param);
            out.flush();

            //读取响应
            connection.getInputStream();
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));
            String lines;
            sb = new StringBuffer("");
            while ((lines = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                lines = new String(lines.getBytes(), "utf-8");
                sb.append(lines);
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (out != null) {
                try {
                    out.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (reader != null) {
                try {
                    reader.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (connection != null) {
                connection.disconnect();
            }
        }
        return sb.toString();

    }


    /**
     * 通过用户名和密码设置AUTH，获得权限 @
     */
    public static void setAuth() {

        Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        params.put("user", USERNAME);

        params.put("password", PASSWORD);
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("jsonrpc", "2.0");
        map.put("method", "user.login");
        map.put("params", params);
        map.put("auth", null);
        map.put("id", 0);

        String response = sendPost(map);
        JSONObject json = JSON.parseObject(response);
        AUTH = json.getString("result");
    }


    private static String getAuth() {
        if (AUTH == null) {
            setAuth();
        }
        return AUTH;
    }


    /**
     * 获得主机hostid
     *
     * @param host Zabbix中配置的主机hosts
     * @return 返回hostid @
     */
    public static String getHostIdByHostName(String host) {
        Map<String, Object> filter = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        filter.put("host", host);
        Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        params.put("output", "hostid");
        params.put("filter", filter);
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("jsonrpc", "2.0");
        map.put("method", "host.get");
        map.put("params", params);
        map.put("auth", getAuth());
        map.put("id", 0);

        String response = sendPost(map);
        JSONArray result = JSON.parseObject(response).getJSONArray("result");
        if (result.size() > 0) {
            JSONObject json = result.getJSONObject(0);
            String hostid = json.getString("hostid");
            return hostid;
        } else {
            return null;
        }

    }


    /**
     * 获得主机hostid
     *
     * @param ip Zabbix中配置的主机ip
     * @return 返回hostid @
     */
    public static String getHostIdByIp(String ip) {
        Map<String, Object> filter = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        filter.put("ip", ip);
        Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        params.put("output", "extend");
        params.put("filter", filter);
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("jsonrpc", "2.0");
        map.put("method", "host.get");
        map.put("params", params);
        map.put("auth", getAuth());
        map.put("id", 0);

        String response = sendPost(map);
        JSONArray result = JSON.parseObject(response).getJSONArray("result");
        if (result.size() > 0) {
            JSONObject json = result.getJSONObject(0);
            String hostId = json.getString("hostid");
            return hostId;
        } else {
            return null;
        }

    }


    /**
     * 获得某主机的某个监控项id
     *
     * @param hostId 主机
     * @param key 监控项
     * @return 监控项itemid
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String getItemId(String hostId, String key) throws Exception {
        JSONArray result = getItemByHostAndKey(hostId, key);
        if (result.size() > 0) {
            JSONObject json = result.getJSONObject(0);
            if (json != null) {
                return json.getString("itemid");
            }
        }
        return null;

    }


    /**
     * 获取某主机某监控项的value_type
     *
     * @param hostId
     * @param key
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     * @author [email protected]
     * @since 创建时间：2016年8月12日 上午10:38:10
     */
    public static int getValueType(String hostId, String key) throws Exception {
        JSONArray result = getItemByHostAndKey(hostId, key);
        if (result.size() > 0) {
            JSONObject json = result.getJSONObject(0);
            if (json != null) {
                return json.getIntValue("value_type");
            }
        }
        return 3;

    }


    /**
     * 获取某主机某监控项在一段时间内的数据
     *
     * @param itemId
     * @param valueType
     * @param from
     * @param to
     * @return
     * @author [email protected]
     * @since 创建时间：2016年8月18日 上午11:42:48
     */
    public static JSONArray getHistoryDataByItemId(String itemId, int valueType, long from, long to) {
        Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        params.put("output", "extend");
        params.put("history", valueType);
        params.put("itemids", itemId);
        params.put("sortfield", "clock");
        params.put("sortorder", "DESC");//时间降序
        params.put("time_from", from / 1000);
        params.put("time_till", to / 1000);
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("jsonrpc", "2.0");
        map.put("method", "history.get");
        map.put("params", params);
        map.put("auth", getAuth());
        map.put("id", 0);

        String response = sendPost(map);
        JSONArray result = JSON.parseObject(response).getJSONArray("result");

        return result;

    }


    /**
     * 获取某主机某监控项最近的数据
     *
     * @param hostId
     * @param key
     * @return @
     * @author [email protected]
     * @since 创建时间：2016年8月12日 上午10:31:49
     */
    public static JSONArray getItemByHostAndKey(String hostId, String key) {
        if (hostId == null) {
            return null;
        }
        Date start = new Date();

        Map<String, Object> search = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        search.put("key_", key);

        Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        params.put("output", "extend");
        params.put("hostids", hostId);
        params.put("search", search);

        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("jsonrpc", "2.0");
        map.put("method", "item.get");
        map.put("params", params);
        map.put("auth", getAuth());
        map.put("id", 0);

        String response = sendPost(map);
        JSONArray result = JSON.parseObject(response).getJSONArray("result");

        return result;
    }


    /**
     * 多个监控项的当前数据
     *
     * @param itemIds
     * @return
     * @author [email protected]
     * @since 创建时间：2016年8月18日 下午4:33:14
     */
    public static JSONArray getDataByItems(List<String> itemIds) {

        Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        params.put("output", "extend");
        params.put("itemids", itemIds);
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("jsonrpc", "2.0");
        map.put("method", "item.get");
        map.put("params", params);
        map.put("auth", getAuth());
        map.put("id", 0);
        String response = sendPost(map);
        JSONArray result = JSON.parseObject(response).getJSONArray("result");

        return result;

    }


    /**
     * 多个监控项的历史数据
     *
     * @param itemIds
     * @param valueType
     * @param from
     * @param to
     * @return
     * @author [email protected]
     * @since 创建时间：2016年8月18日 下午5:12:53
     */
    public static JSONArray getHistoryDataByItems(List<String> itemIds, int valueType, long from,
                                                  long to) {

        Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        params.put("output", "extend");
        params.put("history", valueType);
        params.put("itemids", itemIds);
        params.put("sortfield", "clock");
        params.put("sortorder", "DESC");//时间降序
        params.put("time_from", from / 1000);
        params.put("time_till", to / 1000);
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("jsonrpc", "2.0");
        map.put("method", "history.get");
        map.put("params", params);
        map.put("auth", getAuth());
        map.put("id", 0);
        String response = sendPost(map);
        JSONArray result = JSON.parseObject(response).getJSONArray("result");
        return result;

    }

    /**
     * 获得api版本
     *
     * @return 返回hostid @
     */
    public static String getApiInfoVersion() {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("jsonrpc", "2.0");
        map.put("method", "apiinfo.version");
        map.put("params", new ArrayList());
        map.put("auth", null);
        map.put("id", 0);

        String response = sendPost(map);
        JSONObject result = JSON.parseObject(response);
        String version = result.getString("result");
        return version;
    }

}

测试：

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ZabbixUtil.setAuth();
        long time_till = new Date().getTime();
        long time_from = time_till - 5 * 60000;
        String ip = "192.168.57.128";
        String key = "system.swap.size[,total]";
        String hostId = ZabbixUtil.getHostIdByIp(ip);
        String itemId = ZabbixUtil.getItemId(hostId, key);
        int valueType = ZabbixUtil.getValueType(hostId, key);
        JSONArray jsonArray=ZabbixUtil.getHistoryDataByItemId(itemId, valueType, time_from, time_till);
        System.out.println(jsonArray);


        //System.out.println(ZabbixUtil.getApiInfoVersion());
    }

打印结果（总交换空间2g，记得bety转G）：

[{"itemid":"29180","ns":"333387757","clock":"1595921480","value":"2147479552"},{"itemid":"29180","ns":"289230373","clock":"1595921420","value":"2147479552"},{"itemid":"29180","ns":"245825811","clock":"1595921360","value":"2147479552"},{"itemid":"29180","ns":"202178913","clock":"1595921300","value":"2147479552"},{"itemid":"29180","ns":"159210316","clock":"1595921240","value":"2147479552"}]

使用ZabbixUtil.getApiInfoVersion()查看目前使用的api版本：

4.4.10

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