MYSQL,组合的唯一索引中,处理NULL值的问题

最近碰到个问题,用下面的测试表来描述,
create table TEST
(
  col_1   INT,
  col_2   INT,
  col_3   VARCHAR(128) not null,
  col_4   VARCHAR(128) not null,
  UNIQUE KEY (col_1, col_2, col_3),
  CONSTRAINT FOREIGN KEY (col_1) REFERENCES T2(ID) ON DELETE CASCADE,
  CONSTRAINT FOREIGN KEY (col_2) REFERENCES T3(ID) ON DELETE CASCADE

)
  comment='测试表'
  ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARACTER SET=utf8;

本意是要求如下:
INSERT INTO TEST (col_1, col_2, col_3, col_4) VALUES (1, NULL, 'TEST', 'VALID'); //OK
INSERT INTO TEST (col_1, col_2, col_3, col_4) VALUES (1, NULL, 'TEST', 'VALID'); //ERROR

但是实际上MYSQL却可以插入数据,没有提示违反了UNIQUE KEY (col_1, col_2, col_3),这个是MYSQL对NULL处理的方法引起的。虽然很多用户在给MYSQL提了N个关于这个的BUG,但是MYSQL死抱着SQL specs不放,就是不改或者提供可选的解决方案。

那究竟有没方法可以满足我的本意呢?有人提供了这样的一个方法:
create table TEST
(
  ID      INT not null AUTO_INCREMENT,
  col_1   INT,
  col_2   INT,
  col_3   VARCHAR(128) not null,
  col_4   VARCHAR(128) not null,
  PRIMARY KEY (ID),
  CONSTRAINT FOREIGN KEY (col_1) REFERENCES T2(ID) ON DELETE CASCADE,
  CONSTRAINT FOREIGN KEY (col_2) REFERENCES T3(ID) ON DELETE CASCADE
)
  comment='测试表'
  ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARACTER SET=utf8;

首先,去掉了组合的唯一索引,而是加入了一个自增长PK:ID
其次,为此表创建一个triigger:
CREATE TRIGGER `TEST_BEFORE_INS` 
BEFORE INSERT ON `TEST` FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
SET NEW.id=(SELECT id FROM TEST WHERE col_1<=>NEW.col_1 AND col_2<=>NEW.col_2 AND col_3<=>NEW.col_3);
END

再来测试下:
INSERT INTO TEST (col_1, col_2, col_3, col_4) VALUES (1, NULL, 'TEST', 'VALID'); //OK
INSERT INTO TEST (col_1, col_2, col_3, col_4) VALUES (1, NULL, 'TEST', 'VALID'); //ERROR:Duplicate entry '1' for key 'PRIMARY'

报主键重复错误,看来,基本满足了我的本意需求。

猜你喜欢

转载自bglmmz.iteye.com/blog/2130300
今日推荐