黑马程序员C++提高10——map/multimap容器

#include<string>
#include<vector>	//向量容器vector
#include<map>
#include<cstdlib>	//随机数rand
#include<ctime>		//时间种子
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

#define SELE_DEPATMENT 1		//销售部门
#define DEVELOP_DEPATMENT 2		//研发部门
#define FINACIAL_DEPATMENT 3	//财务部门

void PrintMap(map<int, int> m) {
    
    
	for (map<int, int>::iterator it = m.begin(); it != m.end(); it++) {
    
    
		// *it 是一个pair
		cout << "key:" << it->first << " value:" << it->second << endl;
	}
}

void test01() {
    
    

	//初始化
	//map容器模板函数，第一个参数为key，第二个参数为value
	map<int, int> m1;		//默认构造

	//插入
	//第一种
	m1.insert(pair<int, int>(1, 19));
	//第二种
	m1.insert(make_pair(2, 21));
	//第三种
	m1.insert(map<int, int>::value_type(3, 17));

	//第四种，[]内为key值，=后边是value值
	//当key不存在，创建pair插入到map容器中
	//当key存在，那么会修改对应key的value值为=后面的数据
	m1[4] = 30;

	PrintMap(m1);

	map<int, int> m2(m1);	//拷贝构造
	map<int, int> m3;		//默认构造
	cout << "---------------------------赋值" << endl;

	//赋值
	m3 = m2;
	PrintMap(m3);
	cout << "---------------------------判断插入的成败" << endl;

	//判断插入成功或失败（用insert插入时）
	pair<map<int, int>::iterator, bool> ret = m1.insert(make_pair(5, 19));
	if (ret.second) {
    
    
		cout << "插入使value重复的数据成功！" << endl;
	}
	else {
    
    
		cout << "插入使value重复的数据失败！" << endl;
	}

	ret = m1.insert(make_pair(5, 22));
	if (ret.second) {
    
    
		cout << "插入使key重复的数据成功！" << endl;
	}
	else {
    
    
		cout << "插入使key重复的数据失败！" << endl;
	}

	cout << "---------------------------[]访问" << endl;
	//如果通过[]去访问map中的一个不存在的key，
	//那么map容器会将这个不存在的key值插入容器中，
	//并且给它赋予一个默认的value值
	cout << "访问不存在的key值前：" << endl;
	PrintMap(m1);
	cout << "m1[70]:" << m1[70] << "\n访问key=70的数据后：" << endl;
	PrintMap(m1);
}

//查找
void test02() {
    
    

	map<int, int> m;
	m.insert(make_pair(6, 20));
	m.insert(make_pair(3, 25));
	m.insert(make_pair(1, 19));
	m.insert(make_pair(9, 20));
	cout << "m：" << endl;
	PrintMap(m);
	cout << endl;

	//找key=3的元素是否存在
	map<int, int>::iterator ret = m.find(3);
	if (ret == m.end())
		cout << "key=3的元素不存在" << endl;
	else
		cout << "key=3, value=" << ret->second << endl;
	cout << endl;

	//计算key=3的元素的个数，map只有0或1，multimap可能>1
	cout << "key=6的元素的个数为：" << m.count(6) << endl << endl;

	ret = m.lower_bound(3);
	cout << "第一个key>=3的元素：key=" << ret->first
		 << " value=" << ret->second << endl << endl;

	ret = m.upper_bound(3);
	cout << "第一个key>3的元素：key=" << ret->first
		<< " value=" << ret->second << endl << endl;
	
	pair<map<int, int>::iterator, map<int, int>::iterator> myret = m.equal_range(3);

	cout << "第一个key>=3的元素：key=" << myret.first->first
		<< " value=" << myret.first->second << endl;
	cout << "第一个key>3的元素：key=" << myret.second->first
		<< " value=" << myret.second->second << endl;

}

//自定义数据类型
class MyKey {
    
    
public:
	MyKey(int index, int id):mIndex(index), mID(id){
    
    }
public:
	int mIndex;
	int mID;
};
//伪函数
class mycompare {
    
    
public:
	bool operator()(MyKey key1, MyKey key2) const {
    
    
		return key1.mIndex > key2.mIndex;
	}
};
void test03() {
    
    

	//规定好自定义排序规则mycompare
	map<MyKey, int, mycompare> mymap;
	mymap.insert(make_pair(MyKey(1, 2), 10));
	mymap.insert(make_pair(MyKey(4, 5), 20));

	for (map<MyKey, int, mycompare>::iterator it = mymap.begin(); it != mymap.end(); it++) {
    
    
		cout << "Index:" << it->first.mIndex << "  ID:" << it->first.mID
			 << "  value:" << it->second << endl;
	}
}

//员工分组案例
//公司招聘了5个新员工，5名员工进入公司之后，需要指派员工在哪个部门工作
//人员信息有：姓名  年龄  电话  工资
//通过multimap进行信息的插入  保存  显示
//分部门显示员工信息  显示全部员工信息
class Worker {
    
    
public:
	string mName;	//姓名
	string mTele;	//电话
	int mAge;		//年龄
	int mSalary;		//工资
};
//创建员工
void Create_Worker(vector<Worker>& vWorker) {
    
    

	string seedName = "ABCDE";
	srand(unsigned(time(NULL)));
	for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    
    
		Worker worker;
		worker.mName = "员工";
		worker.mName += seedName[i];

		worker.mAge = rand() % 11 + 20;
		worker.mTele = "010-888888";
		worker.mSalary = rand() % 10001 + 10000;
		//保存员工信息
		vWorker.push_back(worker);
	}
}
//员工分组
void WorkerByGroup(vector<Worker>& vWorker, multimap<int, Worker>& workerGroup) {
    
    

	srand(unsigned(time(NULL)));
	//把员工随机分配到不同部门
	for (vector<Worker>::iterator it = vWorker.begin(); it != vWorker.end(); it++) {
    
    
		int departID = rand() % 3 + 1;
		switch (departID) {
    
    
		
		case SELE_DEPATMENT:
			workerGroup.insert(make_pair(SELE_DEPATMENT, *it));
			break;
		case DEVELOP_DEPATMENT:
			workerGroup.insert(make_pair(DEVELOP_DEPATMENT, *it));
			break;
		case FINACIAL_DEPATMENT:
			workerGroup.insert(make_pair(FINACIAL_DEPATMENT, *it));
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
	}
}
//打印制定部门的员工信息
void ShowGroupWorkers(multimap<int, Worker>& workerGroup, int departID) {
    
    

	//打印指定部员工的信息
	multimap<int, Worker>::iterator it = workerGroup.find(departID);
	//找当前部门总人数
	int departCount = workerGroup.count(departID);
	//打印
	for (int i = 0; i < departCount; i++) {
    
    
		cout << "姓名：" << it->second.mName << " 年龄：" << it->second.mAge
			<< " 电话：" << it->second.mTele << " 工资：" << it->second.mSalary << endl;
		it++;
	}
}
//打印所有组员工信息
void PrintWorkerByGroup(multimap<int, Worker> & workerGroup) {
    
    

	cout << "销售部门：" << endl;
	ShowGroupWorkers(workerGroup, SELE_DEPATMENT);
	cout << "研发部门：" << endl;
	ShowGroupWorkers(workerGroup, DEVELOP_DEPATMENT);
	cout << "财务部门：" << endl;
	ShowGroupWorkers(workerGroup, FINACIAL_DEPATMENT);
}

void test04() {
    
    

	//存放新员工的信息
	vector<Worker> vWorker;
	//保存分组信息
	multimap<int, Worker> workerGroup;
	//创建员工
	Create_Worker(vWorker);
	//员工分组
	WorkerByGroup(vWorker, workerGroup);
	//打印每一组员工信息
	PrintWorkerByGroup(workerGroup);
	
}

//简单测试
int main() {
    
    

	//test01();
	//test02();
	//test03();
	test04();

	cout << endl << endl;
	return 0;
}