Springboot 使用自定义注解结合AOP方式校验接口参数

前言

对于初学者们,对于接口的参数判空多多少少都是有些膈应,因为每次写个接口,拿那几个参,就得if else。

那么该篇教学,就可以一定程度解决这个问题。

正文

该篇文章涉及到的:

1.自定义注解 ,用于标注需要进行校验的参数

2.AOP配合自定义注解使用

3.实现公共的返回参

4.实现全局异常捕获

先看整体我们需要做的东西有什么:

 

只要完成这两个文件夹里面的,那么到了新的项目,你只需要把这两个文件夹的东西直接丢进去即可。 

接下来开始敲代码吧,

首先是pom.xml,一些相关的jar:

        <!--aop-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--fastjson-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.58</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

新建自定义注解,ParamCheck.java :

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * @Author : JCccc
 * @CreateTime : 2020/5/14
 * @Description :
 **/

@Target(ElementType.PARAMETER)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)


public @interface ParamCheck  {
    /**
     * 是否非空,默认不能为空
     */
    boolean notNull() default true;

    /**
     * 默认值
     * @return
     */
    String defaultValue() default "";
}

简单描述:  

ElementType.PARAMETER  使用于参数
boolean notNull() default true;  要求参数不为空,默认开启,可以自己传
String defaultValue() default ""; 默认值,默认设置 "",可以自己传

 接下来新建 参数校验的AOP实现类,ParamValidAop.java:

import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;


/**
 * @Author : JCccc
 * @CreateTime : 2020/5/14
 * @Description :
 **/
@Component
@Aspect
public class ParamValidAop {



    /**
     * 定义有一个切入点,范围为web包下的类
     */
    @Pointcut("execution(public * com.bsapple.vshop.controller..*.*(..))")
    public void checkParam() {
    }

    @Before("checkParam()")
    public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
    }

    /**
     * 检查参数是否为空
     */
    @Around("checkParam()")
    public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable {


        MethodSignature signature = ((MethodSignature) pjp.getSignature());
        //得到拦截的方法
        Method method = signature.getMethod();
        //获取方法参数注解,返回二维数组是因为某些参数可能存在多个注解
        Annotation[][] parameterAnnotations = method.getParameterAnnotations();
        if (parameterAnnotations == null || parameterAnnotations.length == 0) {
            return pjp.proceed();
        }
        //获取方法参数名
        String[] paramNames = signature.getParameterNames();
        //获取参数值
        Object[] paranValues = pjp.getArgs();

        //获取方法参数类型
        Class<?>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
        for (int i = 0; i < parameterAnnotations.length; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < parameterAnnotations[i].length; j++) {
                //如果该参数前面的注解不为空并且是ParamCheck的实例,并且notNull()=true,并且默认值为空,则进行非空校验
                if (parameterAnnotations[i][j] != null && parameterAnnotations[i][j] instanceof ParamCheck && ((ParamCheck) parameterAnnotations[i][j]).notNull() && StringUtils.isEmpty(((ParamCheck)parameterAnnotations[i][j]).defaultValue())) {
                    paramIsNull(paramNames[i], paranValues[i], parameterTypes[i] == null ? null : parameterTypes[i].getName());
                    break;
                }
                //如果该参数前面的注解不为空并且是ParamCheck的实例,并且默认值不为空,并且参数值为空,则进行赋默认值
                if(parameterAnnotations[i][j] != null && parameterAnnotations[i][j] instanceof ParamCheck && !StringUtils.isEmpty(((ParamCheck)parameterAnnotations[i][j]).defaultValue()) && (paranValues[i] == null || StringUtils.isEmpty(paranValues[i].toString()))){
                    paranValues[i] = putParam(((ParamCheck)parameterAnnotations[i][j]).defaultValue(), parameterTypes[i]);
                }
            }
        }
        return pjp.proceed(paranValues);

    }

    /**
     * 在切入点return内容之后切入内容(可以用来对处理返回值做一些加工处理)
     *
     * @param joinPoint
     */
    @AfterReturning("checkParam()")
    public void doAfterReturning(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
    }

    /**
     * 参数非空校验,如果参数为空,则抛出ParamIsNullException异常
     * @param paramName
     * @param value
     * @param parameterType
     */
    private void paramIsNull(String paramName, Object value, String parameterType) {
        if (value == null || "".equals(value.toString().trim())) {
            throw new ParamIsNullException(paramName, parameterType,"参数为空");
        }
    }


    private Object putParam(Object value, Class<?> parameterType) {
        return CastValueTypeUtil.parseValue(parameterType, value.toString());
    }

}

需要注意,这个路径是你准备添加校验的controller的路径,改成你自己的:

然后是校验参数里面使用到的参数转换工具类,CastValueTypeUtil.java:

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

/**
  *转换object类型
 **/
public class CastValueTypeUtil {

    public static Object parseValue(Class<?> parameterTypes, String value) {

        if(value==null || value.trim().length()==0){
            return null;
        }
        value = value.trim();

        if (Byte.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Byte.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return parseByte(value);
        } else if (Boolean.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Boolean.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return parseBoolean(value);
        }/* else if (Character.class.equals(fieldType) || Character.TYPE.equals(fieldType)) {
			 return value.toCharArray()[0];
		}*/ else if (String.class.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return value;
        } else if (Short.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Short.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return parseShort(value);
        } else if (Integer.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Integer.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return parseInt(value);
        } else if (Long.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Long.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return parseLong(value);
        } else if (Float.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Float.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return parseFloat(value);
        } else if (Double.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Double.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return parseDouble(value);
        } else if (Date.class.equals(parameterTypes)) {
            return parseDate(value);
        } else {
            throw new RuntimeException("request illeagal type, type must be Integer not int Long not long etc, type=" + parameterTypes);
        }
    }

    public static Byte parseByte(String value) {
        try {
            value = value.replaceAll(" ", "");
            return Byte.valueOf(value);
        } catch(NumberFormatException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("parseByte but input illegal input=" + value, e);
        }
    }

    public static Boolean parseBoolean(String value) {
        value = value.replaceAll(" ", "");
        if (Boolean.TRUE.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(value)) {
            return Boolean.TRUE;
        } else if (Boolean.FALSE.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(value)) {
            return Boolean.FALSE;
        } else {
            throw new RuntimeException("parseBoolean but input illegal input=" + value);
        }
    }

    public static Integer parseInt(String value) {
        try {
            value = value.replaceAll(" ", "");
            return Integer.valueOf(value);
        } catch(NumberFormatException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("parseInt but input illegal input=" + value, e);
        }
    }

    public static Short parseShort(String value) {
        try {
            value = value.replaceAll(" ", "");
            return Short.valueOf(value);
        } catch(NumberFormatException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("parseShort but input illegal input=" + value, e);
        }
    }

    public static Long parseLong(String value) {
        try {
            value = value.replaceAll(" ", "");
            return Long.valueOf(value);
        } catch(NumberFormatException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("parseLong but input illegal input=" + value, e);
        }
    }

    public static Float parseFloat(String value) {
        try {
            value = value.replaceAll(" ", "");
            return Float.valueOf(value);
        } catch(NumberFormatException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("parseFloat but input illegal input=" + value, e);
        }
    }

    public static Double parseDouble(String value) {
        try {
            value = value.replaceAll(" ", "");
            return Double.valueOf(value);
        } catch(NumberFormatException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("parseDouble but input illegal input=" + value, e);
        }
    }

    public static Date parseDate(String value) {
        try {
            String datePattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
            SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(datePattern);
            return dateFormat.parse(value);
        } catch(ParseException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("parseDate but input illegal input=" + value, e);
        }
    }

}

然后是新建一个自定义异常,专门用于校验参数为空的时候抛出,ParamIsNullException.java:

/**
 * @Author : JCccc
 * @CreateTime : 2020/5/14
 * @Description :
 **/
public class ParamIsNullException extends RuntimeException {
    private final String parameterName;
    private final String parameterType;
    private final String message;

    public ParamIsNullException(String parameterName, String parameterType, String message) {
        super();
        this.parameterName = parameterName;
        this.parameterType = parameterType;
        this.message = message;
    }

    @Override
    public String getMessage() {
        return "请求参数类型:" + this.parameterType + ",参数名: \'" + this.parameterName + message;
    }

    public final String getParameterName() {
        return this.parameterName;
    }

    public final String getParameterType() {
        return this.parameterType;
    }
}

到这里,其实可以看到自定义注解以及AOP已经实现完毕。

接下来是做一下,统一的返回参以及全局异常捕获,

新建接口BaseErrorInfoInterface.java:

/**
 * @Author:JCccc
 * @Description:此接口用于返回码枚举使用
 * @Date: created in 15:11 2019/5/3
 */

public interface BaseErrorInfoInterface {
    /** 错误码*/
    String getResultCode();

    /** 错误描述*/
    String getResultMsg();
}

返回码的枚举类,CommonEnum.java:

/**
 * @Author:JCccc
 * @Description:
 * @Date: created in 15:13 2019/5/3
 */
public enum CommonEnum implements BaseErrorInfoInterface {

    // 数据操作错误定义
    SUCCESS("200", "成功!"),
    BODY_NOT_MATCH("400", "请求的数据格式不符!"),
    SIGNATURE_NOT_MATCH("401", "请求的数字签名不匹配!"),
    NOT_FOUND("404", "未找到该资源!"),
    INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR("500", "服务器内部错误!"),
    SERVER_BUSY("503", "服务器正忙,请稍后再试!"),
    REQUEST_METHOD_SUPPORT_ERROR("40001","当前请求方法不支持");
    /**
     * 错误码
     */
    private String resultCode;
    /**
     * 错误描述
     */
    private String resultMsg;

    CommonEnum(String resultCode, String resultMsg) {
        this.resultCode = resultCode;
        this.resultMsg = resultMsg;
    }

    @Override
    public String getResultCode() {
        return resultCode;
    }

    @Override
    public String getResultMsg() {
        return resultMsg;
    }
}

然后是一个简单的返回体专用类,ResultBody.java:

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;

/**
 * @Author:JCccc
 * @Description:
 * @Date: created in 15:19 2019/5/3
 */

public class ResultBody {
    /**
     * 响应代码
     */
    private String code;

    /**
     * 响应消息
     */
    private String message;

    /**
     * 响应结果
     */
    private Object result;

    public ResultBody() {
    }

    public ResultBody(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfo) {
        this.code = errorInfo.getResultCode();
        this.message = errorInfo.getResultMsg();
    }

    public String getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(String code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    public void setMessage(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }

    public Object getResult() {
        return result;
    }

    public void setResult(Object result) {
        this.result = result;
    }

    /**
     * 成功
     *
     * @return
     */
    public static ResultBody success() {
        return success(null);
    }

    /**
     * 成功
     * @param data
     * @return
     */
    public static ResultBody success(Object data) {
        ResultBody rb = new ResultBody();
        rb.setCode(CommonEnum.SUCCESS.getResultCode());
        rb.setMessage(CommonEnum.SUCCESS.getResultMsg());
        rb.setResult(data);
        return rb;
    }





    /**
     * 失败
     */
    public static ResultBody error(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfo) {
        ResultBody rb = new ResultBody();
        rb.setCode(errorInfo.getResultCode());
        rb.setMessage(errorInfo.getResultMsg());
        rb.setResult(null);
        return rb;
    }

    /**
     * 失败
     */
    public static ResultBody error(String code, String message) {
        ResultBody rb = new ResultBody();
        rb.setCode(code);
        rb.setMessage(message);
        rb.setResult(null);
        return rb;
    }

    /**
     * 失败
     */
    public static ResultBody error( String message) {
        ResultBody rb = new ResultBody();
        rb.setCode("-1");
        rb.setMessage(message);
        rb.setResult(null);
        return rb;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return JSONObject.toJSONString(this);
    }

}

最后是自定义的业务异常类,和全局异常捕获类,

BizException.java

/**
 * @Author:JCccc
 * @Description:
 * @Date: created in 15:18 2019/5/3
 */

public class BizException extends RuntimeException {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    /**
     * 错误码
     */
    protected String errorCode;
    /**
     * 错误信息
     */
    protected String errorMsg;

    public BizException() {
        super();
    }

    public BizException(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfoInterface) {
        super(errorInfoInterface.getResultCode());
        this.errorCode = errorInfoInterface.getResultCode();
        this.errorMsg = errorInfoInterface.getResultMsg();
    }

    public BizException(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfoInterface, Throwable cause) {
        super(errorInfoInterface.getResultCode(), cause);
        this.errorCode = errorInfoInterface.getResultCode();
        this.errorMsg = errorInfoInterface.getResultMsg();
    }

    public BizException(String errorMsg) {
        super(errorMsg);
        this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
    }

    public BizException(String errorCode, String errorMsg) {
        super(errorCode);
        this.errorCode = errorCode;
        this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
    }

    public BizException(String errorCode, String errorMsg, Throwable cause) {
        super(errorCode, cause);
        this.errorCode = errorCode;
        this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
    }


    public String getErrorCode() {
        return errorCode;
    }

    public void setErrorCode(String errorCode) {
        this.errorCode = errorCode;
    }

    public String getErrorMsg() {
        return errorMsg;
    }

    public void setErrorMsg(String errorMsg) {
        this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
    }

    public String getMessage() {
        return errorMsg;
    }

    @Override
    public Throwable fillInStackTrace() {
        return this;
    }

}


 GlobalExceptionHandler.java:


import com.bsapple.vshop.wholeConfig.paramCheck.ParamIsNullException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.web.HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MissingServletRequestParameterException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

/**
 * @Author:JCccc
 * @Description:
 * @Date: created in 15:29 2019/5/3
 */

@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GlobalExceptionHandler.class);

    /**
     * 处理自定义的业务异常
     * @param req
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = BizException.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public ResultBody bizExceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, BizException e){
        logger.error("发生业务异常!原因是:{}",e.getErrorMsg());
        return ResultBody.error(e.getErrorCode(),e.getErrorMsg());
    }


    /**
     * 处理空指针的异常
     * @param req
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value =NullPointerException.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public ResultBody exceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, NullPointerException e){
        logger.error("发生空指针异常!原因是:",e);
        return ResultBody.error(CommonEnum.BODY_NOT_MATCH);
    }

    /**
     * 处理请求方法不支持的异常
     * @param req
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public ResultBody exceptionHandler2(HttpServletRequest req, HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException e){
        logger.error("发生请求方法不支持异常!原因是:",e);
        return ResultBody.error(CommonEnum.REQUEST_METHOD_SUPPORT_ERROR);
    }


    /**
     * 处理请求方法不支持的异常
     * @param req
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value = {ParamIsNullException.class,MissingServletRequestParameterException.class})
    @ResponseBody
    public ResultBody exceptionHandler3(HttpServletRequest req, Exception  e){
        logger.error("参数为空!原因是:",e);
        return ResultBody.error(CommonEnum.SIGNATURE_NOT_MATCH.getResultCode(),e.getMessage());
    }




    /**
     * 处理其他异常
     * @param req
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(value =Exception.class)
    @ResponseBody
    public ResultBody exceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, Exception e){
        logger.error("未知异常!原因是:",e);
        return ResultBody.error(CommonEnum.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
    }



}

好了,接下来看看这套实现的东西,效果如何:

给需要的校验的参数加上我们的自定义注解即可,如:

    @GetMapping("/hello1")
    public ResultBody hello1(@ParamCheck  String name) {

        return ResultBody.success();
    }

正常访问该接口,

那么我们试试不传参数name:

那么我再试试,自定义注解里面默认值的使用:

然后再调用接口,不传name,可以看到默认值赋予成功:

最后再试试,同时用上注解   @RequestParam("userName")  给参数name起了个别名,然后也用上我们的自定义参数校验注解,如:

 调用接口,正常访问:

可以回顾看下我们AOP实现类里面的代码,没错,就是二维数组可以接受这个参数的多个注解:

简单的测试效果就到此吧,自己打个debug断点看一看就ok,该篇就到此吧。

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_35387940/article/details/106232146