文章目录
1，一般用法: 类似scp
#centos base仓库有这个包：直接yum install rsync就行
[root@c7-docker ~]# yum info rsync
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Installed Packages
Name : rsync
Arch : x86_64
Version : 3.1.2
Release : 10.el7
Size : 815 k
Repo : installed
From repo : base
[root@test-c7 ~]# ls cdh/
cdh-packs mysql-rpms rpm-deps
####### 1，传输目录: 带/----> 远程：只传输目录里面的内容，不是传送整个目录（没有该目录）
####### 不带/ -->远程：传输完整的目录和内容
[root@test-c7 ~]# rsync -avz cdh root@docker:~/
root@docker's password:
sending incremental file list
./
cdh-packs/
cdh-packs/cloudera-manager-centos7-cm5.12.2_x86_64.tar.gz
cdh-packs/jdk-8u211-linux-x64.rpm
mysql-rpms/
mysql-rpms/MySQL-client-5.5.62-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-rpms/MySQL-devel-5.5.62-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-rpms/MySQL-embedded-5.5.62-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
...
rpm-deps/
rpm-deps/MySQL-python-1.2.5-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm-deps/apr-1.4.8-3.el7_4.1.x86_64.rpm
...
######## 2，常用参数： -avz -b --delete
#-a: -a, --archive archive mode; equals -rlptgoD (no -H,-A,-X)
# -r: 递归， -l: --links 复制软连接， -p: --perms 保留权限，
# -t: --times 保留修改时间， -g: --group, -o: --owner
# -z: --compress压缩传输 -b: --backup 如果目标文件不同，则做好备份
# --delete: 删除目录目录中的多余文件（源中不存在的文件/目录）
###### 目标目录： 有多余的目录和文件，使用--delete删除
[root@c7-docker ~]# mkdir cdh/aa
[root@c7-docker ~]# echo 123 > cdh/aa/a.txt
[root@c7-docker ~]# ls cdh/
cdh-packs mysql-rpms rpm-deps
##### 源文件处：传输参数
[root@test-c7 ~]# rsync --delete -avz cdh root@docker:~/
root@docker's password:
sending incremental file list
deleting cdh/aa/a.txt
deleting cdh/aa/
cdh/
sent 5,186 bytes received 51 bytes 2,094.80 bytes/sec
total size is 1,192,221,243 speedup is 227,653.47
2，后台运行rsync服务
a, 配置文件
查看帮助手册：man rsyncd.conf
[root@c7-docker ~]# grep -Ev '^#|^$' /etc/rsyncd.conf
uid = nobody
gid = nobody
use chroot = yes
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
hosts allow = 192.168.56.0/24
read only = false
fake super = true
max connections = 4
dont compress = *.gz *.tgz *.zip *.z *.Z *.rpm *.deb *.bz2
syslog facility = local5
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
[data1]
path = /data/rsync
comment = save rsync data
auth users = a, b
secrets file = /etc/rsyncd.secrets
#配置传输的：用户和密码
[root@c7-docker ~]# ll /etc/rsyncd.secrets
-rw-------. 1 root root 12 Aug 6 07:46 /etc/rsyncd.secrets
[root@c7-docker ~]# cat /etc/rsyncd.secrets
a:123
b:456
#文件存储目录： 需要先创建好
[root@c7-docker ~]# ll /data/rsync/ -d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 nobody nobody 19 Aug 6 08:36 /data/rsync/
[root@c7-docker ~]# ll /data/rsync/
total 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 nobody nobody 2 Aug 6 08:35 1.txt
#启动服务
[root@c7-docker ~]# ll /etc/init.d/rsyncd
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 378 Aug 6 08:58 /etc/init.d/rsyncd
[root@c7-docker ~]# cat /etc/init.d/rsyncd
#!/bin/bash
#description: self defined rsync daemon service
#chkconfig: 90 90
option=$1
case $option in
start)
pid=$(ps -ef |grep -o '.* rsync *--daemon' |awk '{print $2}')
[ ! -z $pid ] && kill $pid && sleep 1 && rsync --daemon
[ -z $pid ] && rsync --daemon
;;
stop)
[ -f /var/run/rsyncd.pid ] && kill $(cat /var/run/rsyncd.pid)
;;
status)
[ -f /var/run/rsyncd.pid ] && ps -ef |grep -o '.* rsync *--daemon'
esac
[root@c7-docker ~]# chkconfig rsyncd on
Note: Forwarding request to 'systemctl enable rsyncd.service'.
[root@c7-docker ~]# systemctl is-enabled rsyncd
enabled
[root@c7-docker ~]# service rsyncd start
[root@c7-docker ~]# service rsyncd status
root 25998 1 0 08:58 ? 00:00:00 rsync --daemon
b, 查看rsync服务端: module名
[root@test-c7 test]# rsync -avz 1.txt b@docker2::
data1 save rsync data
rsync-data2 save rsync data2
c, 从源端：发送数据
##源端：发送数据
#格式1
[root@test-c7 test]# echo test4 > 4.txt
[root@test-c7 test]# rsync -avz 4.txt b@docker::data1
Password:
sending incremental file list
4.txt
sent 93 bytes received 35 bytes 36.57 bytes/sec
total size is 6 speedup is 0.05
#格式2
[root@test-c7 test]# rsync -avz 1.txt rsync://b@docker2/rsync-data2
Password:
sending incremental file list
4.txt
sent 96 bytes received 35 bytes 13.79 bytes/sec
total size is 8 speedup is 0.06
##目标端：查看
[root@c7-docker ~]# tail /var/log/rsyncd.log
2020/08/06 08:57:41 [25947] rsyncd version 3.1.2 starting, listening on port 873
2020/08/06 08:57:47 [25947] sent 0 bytes received 0 bytes total size 0
2020/08/06 08:57:48 [25974] rsyncd version 3.1.2 starting, listening on port 873
2020/08/06 08:58:57 [25974] sent 0 bytes received 0 bytes total size 0
2020/08/06 08:58:59 [25998] rsyncd version 3.1.2 starting, listening on port 873
2020/08/06 09:03:08 [26098] name lookup failed for 192.168.56.171: Name or service not known
2020/08/06 09:03:08 [26098] connect from UNKNOWN (192.168.56.171)
2020/08/06 09:03:11 [26098] rsync to data1/ from b@UNKNOWN (192.168.56.171)
2020/08/06 09:03:11 [26098] receiving file list
2020/08/06 09:03:11 [26098] sent 40 bytes received 101 bytes total size 6
[root@c7-docker ~]# ll /data/rsync/
total 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 nobody nobody 2 Aug 6 08:35 1.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 nobody nobody 6 Aug 6 09:03 4.txt
##源端：免交换发送数据 --password-file=FILE
##The file should contain just the password on the first line (all other lines are ignored). Rsync will exit with an error if FILE is world readable or if a root-run rsync command finds a non-root-owned file.
[root@test-c7 test]# echo 456 > /etc/rsyncd.secrets
[root@test-c7 test]# chmod 600 /etc/rsyncd.secrets
[root@test-c7 test]# echo test456 > 4.txt
[root@test-c7 test]# rsync -az --password-file=/etc/rsyncd.secrets 4.txt b@docker::data1
3，实时备份：inotify + rsync
参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/clsn/p/8022625.html
a, 使用inotifywait 监控文件变化
b, 在监控到文件变化时，同步该文件
man inotifywait 查看帮助
[root@test-c7 data]# cat /mysync.sh
inotifywait -mrq /data --format "%w%f" -e create,delete,moved_to,close_write|\
while read line
do
rsync -az --delete /data/ --password-file=/etc/rsyncd.secrets a@docker::data1
done
