创建数据库服务：
建议跟MySQL服务相关的操作(数据库服务启动、关闭、维护等)均在mysql用户下执行
1.创建目录
#mkdir /data
#cd /data/
#mkdir –p /data/mysqldata/{3306/{data,tmp,binlog},backup,scripts}
#chown –R mysql:mysql mysqldata
#su – mysql
$cd /usr/local/mysql
2.编辑参数文件
$vim /data/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.sock
#The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
user = mysql
socket = /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql.pid
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysqldata/3306/data
tmpdir = /data/mysqldata/3306/tmp
open_files_limit = 10240
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
#Buffer
max_allowed_packet = 256M
max_heap_table_size = 256M
net_buffer_length = 8K
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 4M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
#Log
log-bin = /data/mysqldata/3306/binlog/mysql-bin
binlog_cache_size = 32M
max_binlog_cache_size = 512M
max_binlog_size = 512M
binlog_format = mixed
log_output = FILE
log-error = /data/mysqldata/3306/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysqldata/3306/slow_query.log
general_log = 0
general_log_file = /data/mysqldata/3306/general_query.log
expire-logs-days = 14
#InnoDB
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2048M:autoextend
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
prompt = (\u@\h) [\d]>\_
default-character-set = gbk
初始化MySQL数据库：
注意修改/etc/hosts文件
位于MySQL软件安装目录下的scripts目录内mysql_install_db
$/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysqldata/3306/data
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql --user=mysql
启动数据库服务器：
配置MySQL服务自启动(support-files/mysql.server)，不建议使用
$mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf &
mysqld_safe命令行方式才是Linux/UNIX平台下被推荐的MySQL服务启动方式
检查3306端口，检查mysqld相关进程
$netstat –tlnp | grep 3306
$ps –ef | grep mysql | grep –v grep
此时MySQL数据库可以被mysql客户端连接访问
配置MySQL数据库：
MySQL数据库创建之后自动创建一个名为root的系统账户，拥有最大权限
进入mysql，默认情况下root用户是不设密码的
$mysql
(root@localhost) [(none)]> select user,host from mysql.user;
直接到数据库中操作与用户相关的字典表
保留一条允许root用户从本地连接的记录外，其他用户全部删除
(root@localhost) [(none)]> delete from mysql.user where (user,host) not in (select 'root','localhost');
修改用户名和密码
(root@localhost) [(none)]> update mysql.user set user='system',password=password('123456');
消除对test库的权限隐患
(root@localhost) [(none)]> truncate table mysql.db;
使操作生效
(root@localhost) [(none)]> flush privileges;
重新登录
[mysql@mysql1 ~]$ mysql -usystem -p123456