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简述IS-IS动态路由协议
ISIS路由协议基本概念
1、链路状态协议，使用SPF算法
2、使用Hello包建立邻居关系、使用LSP交换链路状态信息，采用分层设计思想
3、有2种路由选择级别，L1和L2.
L1负责在同一个区域内传播链路状态信息（类似OSPF中的1类和2类）
L2负责在不同的区域内相互传播链路状态信息（类似OSPF的3类）
4、三种路由器：L1能获取区域内的路径信息，
L2能获取区域间的路径信息
L1-2:能同时获取区域内和区域间路径
5、连接L2路由器和L1/L2路由器的路径会形成骨干区域
6、IS-IS区域边界位于链路上，而不是路由器中，每台IS-IS路由器仅属于一个区域，
在华为路由器上，IS-IS不会自动缩放接口的度量值，接口的默认度量值是10，除非可以手动更改
邻居关系
Area1 L1 Area1
R1(L1)----------------R2(L1)
Area1 None Area1
R1(L2)----------------R2(L1)
Area1 L2 Area1
R1(L2)----------------R2(L1-2)
Area1 None Area2
R1(L1)----------------R2(L1-2)
Area1 L2 Area2
R1(L2)----------------R2(L1-2)
Area1 L1 L2 Area2
R1(L1-2)----------------R2(L1-2)
中国移动IS-IS L2路由设计，电信还是采用分层的设计
ISIS协议的NASP地址转换规则
1、NSAP地址
ISIS LSP使用NSAP地址来标识路由器并建立拓扑表，因此为IP提供路由
选择需要NSAP地址
2、NSAP地址8-20字节，用16进制标识，包含如下主要信息：
【1】区域编号
【2】系统编号（固定6个字节）
【3】NSEL位（固定1字节并置0）
例如：49.0001.0002.0002.0002.00
3、现网NET地址常见的规划方式
通过环回口32位地址补齐成48位获得
例如：221.15.23.180 ###补足3位，然后4位分割
221.015.023.180====221.015.023.180=2210.1502.3180
转换后：49.0020.2210.1502.3180.00
ISIS协议的配置思路
1、启动IS-IS进程，根据区域规划配置NET地址
2、在接口下，将口宣告到IS-IS进程中
3、根据网络结构配置IS-IS路由类型
常见命令
dis isis peer ###查看isis邻居关系
dis isis 1 brief ###查看isis接口的明细
dis isis interface g0/0/1 ###查看接口isis详情
配置举列
[Huawei] isis 1 ###isis 后面跟进程。默认不加就是1进程
[Huawei-isis-1] network-entity 49.0001.0010.0100.1001.00 ###补足三位，然后4位分割
[Huawei-isis-1] int g0/0/1 ###进接口
[Huawei-g0/0/1] isis enable ###启动ISIS
[Huawei] isis 1
[Huawei-isis-1] is-level level-1 ###根据网络结构配置IS-IS路由类型，这边有路由器类型
####l1-------l1-2分析####
1、优化链路
2、下发默认，
####cost值是路由入向接口的累加###
[Huawei-g0/0/1] isis cost 22 ####配置入向接口cost值 ，不加类型，l1和l2都加
路由重分发
isis 1
import-route rip 1 lever-1 ####引入后变成l1信息 默认值
rip 1
import-route isis 1 cost 5 ###对于rip的度量值是跳数
isis 1
import-route isis level-2 into level-1 ###华为手册这个叫路由泄露
路由汇总
汇总在ABR上做汇总
isis 1
summary 202.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 level-1-2 ####域间路由汇总
汇总在ASBR上做汇总
isis 1
summary 203.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 level-1 ####不同协议间的路由汇总
ISIS综合实验
先配置接口ip
R1接口IP配置
<Huawei>sys
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sys
[Huawei]sysname R1
[R1]int g 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 12.0.0.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 16.0.0.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loo 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 32
[R1-LoopBack0]q
[R1]
R2接口IP配置
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sys
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]int g 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 23.0.0.1 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 12.0.0.2 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int loo 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 32
[R2-LoopBack0]q
[R2]
R3接口IP配置
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sys
[Huawei]sysname R3
[R3]int g 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 23.0.0.2 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 34.0.0.1 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int loo 0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 32
[R3-LoopBack0]q
[R3]
R4接口IP配置
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sys
[Huawei]sysname R4
[R4]int g 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.1 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 34.0.0.2 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int loo 0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 32
[R4-LoopBack0]q
[R4]
R5接口IP配置
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sys
[Huawei]sysname R5
[R5]int g 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.2 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loo 0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 32
[R5-LoopBack0]int loo 1
[R5-LoopBack1]ip add 202.0.0.1 24
[R5-LoopBack1]int loo 2
[R5-LoopBack2]ip add 202.0.1.1 24
[R5-LoopBack2]q
[R5]
R6接口IP配置
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]un in en
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sys
[Huawei]sysname R6
[R6]int g 0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 16.0.0.2 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loo 0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 6.6.6.6 32
[R6-LoopBack0]int loo 1
[R6-LoopBack1]ip add 203.0.0.1 32
[R6-LoopBack1]int loo 2
[R6-LoopBack2]ip add 203.0.1.1 32
[R6-LoopBack2]q
[R6]
开始配置ISIS路由协议
R1配置参数
[R1]dis isis ?
INTEGER<1-65535> Process ID for display
bfd Bidirectional forwarding detection
brief Active configuration in brief
debug-switches Current setting of ISIS debugging switches
error Statistics of error packets
graceful-restart Graceful Restart for ISIS
interface ISIS interface
ipv6 Display IPv6 information
last-peer-change ISIS peer change information
ldp-sync Ldp-Sync
lsdb ISIS LSP database
mesh-group ISIS mesh groups
migp-routing Multicast-igp routing table
name-table ISIS name table
peer ISIS neighbour
route ISIS route table
spf-log ISIS SPF log information
spf-tree ISIS SPF-Tree
statistics Statistics information
traffic-eng Display ISIS traffic engineering information
vpn-instance VPN Routing/Forwarding instance
[R1]isis 1
[R1-isis-1]network
[R1-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0010.0100.1001.00
[R1-isis-1]q
[R1]int loo 0
[R1-LoopBack0]isis enable #每个区域内的接口都添加这个配置
[R1-LoopBack0]q
先不设置路由类型为L1或者L2等
R2配置参数
[R2]isis
[R2-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0020.0200.2002.00
[R2-isis-1]q
[R2]int loo 0
[R2-LoopBack0]isis enabl
[R2-LoopBack0]isis enable
[R2-LoopBack0]q
查看邻居关系，发现默认是L1L2
[R2]dis isis peer
Peer information for ISIS(1)
System Id Interface Circuit Id State HoldTime Type PRI
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0010.0100.1001 GE0/0/1 0020.0200.2002.01 Up 25s L1(L1L2) 64
0010.0100.1001 GE0/0/1 0020.0200.2002.01 Up 21s L2(L1L2) 64
Total Peer(s): 2
[R2]dis isis 1 brief
ISIS Protocol Information for ISIS(1)
-------------------------------------
SystemId: 0020.0200.2002 System Level: L12
Area-Authentication-mode: NULL
Domain-Authentication-mode: NULL
Ipv6 is not enabled
ISIS Graceful Restart is not configured
ISIS is in protocol hot standby state: Real-Time Backup
Interface: 12.0.0.2(GE0/0/1)
Cost: L1 10 L2 10 Ipv6 Cost: L1 10 L2 10
State: IPV4 Up IPV6 Down
Type: BROADCAST MTU: 1497
Priority: L1 64 L2 64
Timers: Csnp: L1 10 L2 10 ,Retransmit: L12 5 , Hello: L1 10 L2 10 ,
Hello Multiplier: L1 3 L2 3 , LSP-Throttle Timer: L12 50
优化网络结构，设置R1类型为L1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R1]isis
[R1-isis-1]is-level level-1
Info: IS Level Changed, Resetting ISIS...
R2查看
[R2]dis isis 1 brief
ISIS Protocol Information for ISIS(1)
-------------------------------------
SystemId: 0020.0200.2002 System Level: L12
Area-Authentication-mode: NULL
Domain-Authentication-mode: NULL
Ipv6 is not enabled
ISIS Graceful Restart is not configured
ISIS is in protocol hot standby state: Real-Time Backup
Interface: 12.0.0.2(GE0/0/1)
Cost: L1 10 L2 10 Ipv6 Cost: L1 10 L2 10
State: IPV4 Up IPV6 Down
Type: BROADCAST MTU: 1497
Priority: L1 64 L2 64
Timers: Csnp: L1 10 L2 10 ,Retransmit: L12 5 , Hello: L1 10 L2 10 ,
Hello Multiplier: L1 3 L2 3 , LSP-Throttle Timer: L12 50
[R2]dis isis peer
Peer information for ISIS(1)
System Id Interface Circuit Id State HoldTime Type PRI
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0010.0100.1001 GE0/0/1 0020.0200.2002.01 Up 26s L1 64
R2路由表
[R2]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 8 Routes : 8
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
2.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
12.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
23.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 23.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
每个ISIS区域内接口都要开启ISIS
[R2]int g 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isis enable
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable
R3配置参数
[R3]isis
[R3-isis-1]network-entity 49.0000.0030.0300.3003.00
[R3-isis-1]is-level level-2
Info: IS Level Changed, Resetting ISIS...
[R3-isis-1]q
[R3]int loo 0
[R3-LoopBack0]isis enable
[R3]int g 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis en
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R3]dis isi peer
Peer information for ISIS(1)
System Id Interface Circuit Id State HoldTime Type PRI
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0020.0200.2002 GE0/0/0 --- Up 9s L2 64
Total Peer(s): 1
[R3]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 10 Routes : 10
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 23.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
2.2.2.2/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 23.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
3.3.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
12.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 23.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
34.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
34.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
1.1.1.1的cost值为20，因为是有两个链路的存在
可以手动更改cost值，在所在方向的接口内声明
[R3]int g 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis cost 8
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R3]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 10 Routes : 10
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 ISIS-L2 15 18 D 23.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
2.2.2.2/32 ISIS-L2 15 8 D 23.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
3.3.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
12.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 18 D 23.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
34.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
34.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
继续配置R3
[R3]int g 0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dis this
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 34.0.0.1 255.255.255.252
#
return
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isis enabl
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isis enable
R4配置参数
[R4]isis
[R4-isis-1]network-entity 49.0002.0040.0400.4004.00
[R4-isis-1]is-level level-1-2
[R4-isis-1]q
[R4]int g 0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isi en
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]is en
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loo 0
[R4-LoopBack0]is en
[R4-LoopBack0]q
[R4]dis ip rout
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 ISIS-L2 15 28 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
2.2.2.2/32 ISIS-L2 15 18 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
3.3.3.3/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
4.4.4.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
12.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 28 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
23.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 18 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
34.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 34.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
34.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
45.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
查看R1（L1）和R2（L1-2）的路由条目
[R1]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 10 Routes : 10
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
2.2.2.2/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
16.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
16.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
[R2]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
2.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
3.3.3.3/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
4.4.4.4/32 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
12.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
23.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 23.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
34.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
发现R1的路由条目不全，出现了一条默认路由，此时暂且记下，继续往下配置R5
[R5]isis
[R5-isis-1]network-entity 49.0002.0050.0500.5005.00
[R5-isis-1]q
[R5]int g 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis enable
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R5]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 9 Routes : 9
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
5.5.5.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
45.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 45.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 202.0.0.1 LoopBack1
202.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
202.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 202.0.1.1 LoopBack2
202.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack2
//等一下
[R5]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 16 Routes : 16
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 ISIS-L2 15 38 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
2.2.2.2/32 ISIS-L2 15 28 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
3.3.3.3/32 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
4.4.4.4/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
5.5.5.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
12.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 38 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 28 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
34.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 45.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 202.0.0.1 LoopBack1
202.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
202.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 202.0.1.1 LoopBack2
202.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack2
此时没有给R5设置等级，默认是L1-2，将R5设为L1
[R5]isis
[R5-isis-1]is-l
[R5-isis-1]is-level l
[R5-isis-1]is-level level-1
Info: IS Level Changed, Resetting ISIS...
[R5-isis-1]q
[R5]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
4.4.4.4/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
5.5.5.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
34.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 45.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 202.0.0.1 LoopBack1
202.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
202.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 202.0.1.1 LoopBack2
202.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack2
可以发现路由其中部分路由被汇总成默认路由继续配置
[R5]int loo 0
[R5-LoopBack0]isi en
[R5-LoopBack0]int loo 1
[R5-LoopBack1]is en
[R5-LoopBack1]int loo 2
[R5-LoopBack2]is en
[R5-LoopBack2]q
查看R2路由
[R2]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 15 Routes : 15
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
2.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
3.3.3.3/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
4.4.4.4/32 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
5.5.5.5/32 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
12.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
23.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 23.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
34.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
202.0.1.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
查看R1路由
[R1]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 10 Routes : 10
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
2.2.2.2/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
16.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
16.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
配置R1的rip
```css
[R1]rip 1
[R1-rip-1]v 2
[R1-rip-1]network 16.0.0.0
[R1-rip-1]un sum
[R1-rip-1]
R6的RIP
[R6]rip 1
[R6-rip-1]v 2
[R6-rip-1]un sum
[R6-rip-1]network 16.0.0.0
[R6-rip-1]network 6.0.0.0
[R6-rip-1]network 203.0.0.0
[R6-rip-1]network 203.0.1.0
在R1处路由重发布
[R1-rip-1]import-route isis ?
INTEGER<1-65535> Process ID
cost Cost of the import route
route-policy Apply the specified route policy to filter route
[R1-rip-1]import-route isis 1 ?
cost Cost of the import route
route-policy Apply the specified route policy to filter route
[R1-rip-1]import-route isis 1 cos
[R1-rip-1]import-route isis 1 cost 5
在R6查看
```css
[R6]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 11 Routes : 11
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
2.2.2.2/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
6.6.6.6/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
12.0.0.0/30 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
16.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 16.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
16.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.0/30 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
203.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
203.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack2
查看R1路由
[R1]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 13 Routes : 13
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
2.2.2.2/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
6.6.6.6/32 RIP 100 1 D 16.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
12.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
16.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
16.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
203.0.0.1/32 RIP 100 1 D 16.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
203.0.1.1/32 RIP 100 1 D 16.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
可以发现，自动汇总的默认路由并没有被注入
[R1]isis
[R1-isis-1]import-route rip 1 ?
cost Set the cost value
cost-type Cost type for exterior imported routes
inherit-cost Import the routes with the original cost
level-1 Level-1
level-1-2 Level-1-2
level-2 Level-2
route-policy Apply the specified route policy to filter route
tag Specify the value of the tag
<cr>
[R1-isis-1]import-route rip 1 l
[R1-isis-1]import-route rip 1 level-1
查看R5，R4的路由条目
[R5]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
4.4.4.4/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
5.5.5.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
34.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 45.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 202.0.0.1 LoopBack1
202.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
202.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 202.0.1.1 LoopBack2
202.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack2
R5没有改变
[R4]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 19 Routes : 19
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 ISIS-L2 15 28 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
2.2.2.2/32 ISIS-L2 15 18 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
3.3.3.3/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
4.4.4.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
5.5.5.5/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 45.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
6.6.6.6/32 ISIS-L2 15 92 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 28 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
16.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 92 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
23.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 18 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
34.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 34.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
34.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
45.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 45.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
202.0.1.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 45.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
203.0.0.1/32 ISIS-L2 15 92 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
203.0.1.1/32 ISIS-L2 15 92 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
R4增加RIP中的条目信息
现在解决R6学不到R5，R4,R3路由的问题
1.最简单的方法就是把R1的路由类型设置为L1-2即可
2.或者在rip 中注入默认路由
[R1-rip-1]default-route originate
3.这里详细介绍另外一个方法，路由泄露
在R2的L1-2的位置想R1的L1路由器去泄露LI-1和L2信息
[R2-isis-1]import-route isis level-2 into level-1
继续查看R1路由
[R1]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 20 Routes : 20
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
2.2.2.2/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
3.3.3.3/32 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
4.4.4.4/32 ISIS-L1 15 30 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
5.5.5.5/32 ISIS-L1 15 40 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
6.6.6.6/32 RIP 100 1 D 16.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
12.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
16.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
16.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
34.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 30 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
45.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 40 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 40 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
202.0.1.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 40 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
203.0.0.1/32 RIP 100 1 D 16.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
203.0.1.1/32 RIP 100 1 D 16.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
路由条目被记录其中
查看R6路由条目
[R6]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 18 Routes : 18
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
2.2.2.2/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
3.3.3.3/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
4.4.4.4/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
5.5.5.5/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
6.6.6.6/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
12.0.0.0/30 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
16.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 16.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
16.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.0/30 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
34.0.0.0/30 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.0/30 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/24 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
202.0.1.0/24 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
203.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
203.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack2
接下来做isis区域间路由汇总
R4（L1-2）可以把R5（L1）中的202.0.0.0/24和202.0.1.0/24进行路由汇总，汇总信息是L1-2类型
[R4]isis
[R4-isis-1]summary 202.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 ?
avoid-feedback Avoid learning this summary route through SPF
generate_null0_route Generate the discard route for preventing route loops
level-1 Level-1
level-1-2 Level-1-2
level-2 Level-2
tag Specify the value of the tag
<cr>
[R4-isis-1]summary 202.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 level-1-2
R6处验证
[R6]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 17 Routes : 17
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
2.2.2.2/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
3.3.3.3/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
4.4.4.4/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
5.5.5.5/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
6.6.6.6/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
12.0.0.0/30 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
16.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 16.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
16.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.0/30 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
34.0.0.0/30 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.0/30 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/23 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
203.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
203.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack2
出现202.0.0.0/23汇总网段
也可以在R1中把203.0.0.0/24和203.0.1.0/24汇总
[R1]isis
[R1-isis-1]summary 203.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 level-1-2
[R1-isis-1]dis this
#
isis 1
is-level level-1
network-entity 49.0001.0010.0100.1001.00
import-route rip 1 level-1
summary 203.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 level-1-2
#
return
在R4处验证
[R4]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 18 Routes : 18
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 ISIS-L2 15 28 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
2.2.2.2/32 ISIS-L2 15 18 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
3.3.3.3/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
4.4.4.4/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
5.5.5.5/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 45.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
6.6.6.6/32 ISIS-L2 15 92 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 28 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
16.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 92 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
23.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 18 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
34.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 34.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
34.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
45.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 45.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
202.0.1.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 45.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
203.0.0.0/23 ISIS-L2 15 92 D 34.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1