JAVA中TreeMap类两种常用构造方法

JAVA的JDK文档中,TreeMap类有四种构造方法,下面我们讲述最常见的两类:

第一种:

 第一种构造方法,创建对象时如果没有传入比较器,那么就按元素的自然顺序排序;

这里,元素的"自然顺序"是什么?其实答案就是,比较对象要实现 Comparable 接口,   自然比较的规则就是对象在实现Comparable 接口中,重写CompareTo()函数时定义的规则;

我们第一个Student类,实现Comparable接口,并重写CompareTo方法

public class Student implements Comparable<Student> {
//public class Student{
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Student s1) {
        int cmp = name.compareTo(s1.name);
        cmp = cmp != 0 ? cmp : age - s1.age;
        return cmp;
    }
}

在定义时如下使用:

 Student s1 = new Student("Allen", 20);
        Student s2 = new Student("Beyonce", 20);
        Student s3 = new Student("Catalina", 20);
        Student s4 = new Student("Diana", 20);
        // 无参的构造方法
        TreeMap<String, Student> map = new TreeMap<>();
        map.put("Allen", s1);
        map.put("Beyonce", s2);
        map.put("Catalina", s3);
        map.put("Diana", s4);

第二种方法,就是在定义时传入比较器了,Student类不需要实现Comparable接口了

public class Student{
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }

 
}

但是在定义时,需要传入一个比较器,如下:

 TreeMap<Student, String> map = new TreeMap<>(new Comparator<Student>() {
            @Override
            public int compare(Student s1, Student s2) {
                int cmp = s1.getName().compareTo(s2.getName());
                cmp = cmp != 0 ? cmp : s1.getAge() - s2.getAge();
                return cmp;
            }
        });

两种方法相比较,第二种灵活性更好;

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/debug-the-heart/p/13369706.html
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