SpringBoot @Async 注解无效

开发环境
  • SpringBoot 2.1.10.RELEASE
  • JDK 1.8
场景

在一个类的方法中,调用同类的异步方法无效,例如以下示例:

package com.nobody.controller;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("demo")
public class DemoController {

    @GetMapping("test")
    public void test() {
        
        asyncTask();

        System.out.println("主线程 Thread name:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        
    }
    
    @Async
    public void asyncTask() {
        try {
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("异步方法 Thread name:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }

}

启动类也添加@EnableAsync注解

package com.nobody;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAsync
public class Application {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
	}

}

输出结果:

异步方法 Thread name:http-nio-9563-exec-1
主线程 Thread name:http-nio-9563-exec-1

从结果分析,明显是串行单线程执行。

原因分析

类内部方法调用时,直接进行内部调用,没有走Spring的代理类。Async注解的实现都是基于Spring的AOP,而AOP的实现是基于动态代理模式实现的。调用方法的是对象本身而不是代理对象,没有经过Spring容器。

解决方案

新建一个类,通过注解让Spring容器管理,然后在调用类中注入对象。

package com.nobody.domain;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class AsyncService {
    
    @Async
    public void asyncTask() {
        try {
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("异步方法 Thread name:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }


}
package com.nobody.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.nobody.domain.AsyncService;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("demo")
public class DemoController {

    @Autowired
    private AsyncService asyncService;

    @GetMapping("test")
    public void test() {

        asyncService.asyncTask();

        System.out.println("主线程 Thread name:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());

    }


}

输出结果:

主线程 Thread name:http-nio-9563-exec-1
异步方法 Thread name:task-1

如果异步方法非要写在同一个类中,可以懒加载注入本类的实例,进行调用,例如:

package com.nobody.controller;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("demo")
public class DemoController {

    @Autowired
    @Lazy // 懒加载注入,不加会报错
    private DemoController demoController;

    @GetMapping("test")
    public void test() {

        // 通过DemoController实例调用
        demoController.asyncTask();

        System.out.println("主线程 Thread name:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());

    }

	// 方法不能是private类型,不然还是串行单线程执行
    @Async
    public void asyncTask() {
        try {
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("异步方法 Thread name:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }


}

输出结果:

主线程 Thread name:http-nio-9563-exec-1
异步方法 Thread name:task-1

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转载自blog.csdn.net/chenlixiao007/article/details/106276893