Kafka快速入门系列(9) | Kafka的Producer API操作

  本篇博主带来的是Kafka的Producer API操作。


1. 消息发送流程

  Kafka的Producer发送消息采用的是异步发送的方式。在消息发送的过程中,涉及到了两个线程——main线程和Sender线程,以及一个线程共享变量——RecordAccumulator。main线程将消息发送给RecordAccumulator,Sender线程不断从RecordAccumulator中拉取消息发送到Kafka broker。

下图为KafkaProducer发送消息流程
1
2
相关参数
batch.size:只有数据积累到batch.size之后,sender才会发送数据。
linger.ms:如果数据迟迟未达到batch.size,sender等待linger.time之后就会发送数据。

2. 无回调参数的API

  • 1. 导入依赖
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>8</source>
                    <target>8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>

    </build>


    <dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
        <artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId>
        <version>0.11.0.2</version>
    </dependency>
    </dependencies>
  • 2. 编写代码

需要用到的类:
KafkaProducer:需要创建一个生产者对象,用来发送数据
ProducerConfig:获取所需的一系列配置参数
ProducerRecord:每条数据都要封装成一个ProducerRecord对象

  • 3. 完整代码
package com.buwenbuhuo.kafka.producer;

import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.KafkaProducer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.Producer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;

import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;


/**
 * @author 卜温不火
 * @create 2020-05-06 20:21
 * com.buwenbuhuo.kafka.producer - the name of the target package where the new class or interface will be created.
 * kafka0506 - the name of the current project.
 */
public class CustomProducer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put("bootstrap.servers", "hadoop002:9092");//kafka集群,broker-list
        props.put("acks", "all");
        props.put("retries", 1);//重试次数
        props.put("batch.size", 16384);//批次大小
        props.put("linger.ms", 1);//等待时间
        props.put("buffer.memory", 33554432);//RecordAccumulator缓冲区大小
        props.put("key.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
        props.put("value.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");

        Producer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            producer.send(new ProducerRecord<String, String>("second", i + "", "my name is bu wen bu huo -" + i));
        }
        producer.close();
    }
}

  • 4. 群起zookeeper和kafka
[bigdata@hadoop002 zookeeper-3.4.10]$ bin/start-allzk.sh 
[bigdata@hadoop002 kafka]$ bin/start-kafkaall.sh 

3

  • 5. 启动一个consumer控制台
[bigdata@hadoop002 kafka]$ bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server hadoop002:9092 --topic first
  • 6. 跑代码进行测试
    4

为什么是无序的,这是因为我们只能保证分区内有序。其他无序。

3. 带回调函数的API

  回调函数会在producer收到ack时调用,为异步调用,该方法有两个参数,分别是RecordMetadata和Exception,如果Exception为null,说明消息发送成功,如果Exception不为null,说明消息发送失败。
  注意:消息发送失败会自动重试,不需要我们在回调函数中手动重试

  • 1. 代码
package com.buwenbuhuo.kafka.producer;

import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.*;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer;

import java.util.Properties;


/**
 * @author 卜温不火
 * @create 2020-05-06 20:21
 * com.buwenbuhuo.kafka.producer - the name of the target package where the new class or interface will be created.
 * kafka0506 - the name of the current project.
 */
public class CustomProducer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, "hadoop002:9092");
        props.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class.getName());
        props.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class.getName());

        props.put(ProducerConfig.ACKS_CONFIG, "all");
        props.put(ProducerConfig.BATCH_SIZE_CONFIG, 16384);
        props.put(ProducerConfig.LINGER_MS_CONFIG, 1);


        //1.创建1个生产者对象
        KafkaProducer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);

        //2.调用send方法
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            producer.send(new ProducerRecord<String, String>("second", i + "", "message-" + i), (metadata,exception)->{

                if(exception==null){
                    System.out.println("success"+metadata.topic()+"-"+metadata.partition()+"-"+metadata.offset());
                }else{
                    exception.printStackTrace();
                }
            });
        }

        //3.关闭生产者
        producer.close();
    }
}

  • 2. 结果

5

  • 3. 大致流程图
    6

4. 同步发送API / 只是比异步多了一个.get()

  同步发送的意思就是,一条消息发送之后,会阻塞当前线程,直至返回ack。
  由于send方法返回的是一个Future对象,根据Futrue对象的特点,我们也可以实现同步发送的效果,只需在调用Future对象的get方发即可。

  • 1. 代码:
package com.buwenbuhuo.kafka.producer;

import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.*;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

/**
 * @author 卜温不火
 * @create 2020-05-06 20:21
 * com.buwenbuhuo.kafka.producer - the name of the target package where the new class or interface will be created.
 * kafka0506 - the name of the current project.
 */
public class CustomProducer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put("bootstrap.servers", "hadoop002:9092");//kafka集群,broker-list
        props.put("acks", "all");
        props.put("retries", 1);//重试次数
        props.put("batch.size", 16384);//批次大小
        props.put("linger.ms", 1);//等待时间
        props.put("buffer.memory", 33554432);//RecordAccumulator缓冲区大小
        props.put("key.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
        props.put("value.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");

        Producer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            producer.send(new ProducerRecord<String, String>("second", i + "", "my name is bu wen bu huo -" + i)).get();
        }
        producer.close();
    }
}

  • 2. 结果
    7
      本次的分享就到这里了,

11

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_16146103/article/details/105957020
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