文章目录
前言
一：单master节点用二进制部署K8S集群
calico：另一个支持BGP的网络组建
1.1：拓扑图与主机分配
| 主机名 | IP地址 | 资源分配 | 所需部署组件 |
|---|---|---|---|
| master | 192.168.233.131 | 1G+2CPU | kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manager、kube-scheduler、etcd |
| node01 | 192.168.233.132 | 2G+4CPU | kubelet、kube-proxy、docker、flannel、etcd |
| node02 | 192.168.233.133 | 2G+4CPU | kubelet、kube-proxy、docker、flannel、etcd |
1.1.1：拓扑图介绍
-
master组件介绍：
kube-apiserver：是集群的统一入口，各个组件的协调者，所有对象资源的增删改查和监听操作都交给APIserver处理，再提交给etcd存储。
kube-controller-manager：处理群集中常规的后台任务，一个资源对应一个控制器，而controller-manager就是负责管理这些控制器。
kube-scheduler：根据调度算法为新创建的pod选择一个node节点，可以任意部署，可以部署同一个节点上，也可以部署在不同节点上
-
node组件介绍：
kubelet：kube是master在node节点上的Agent，管理本机运行容器的生命周期，比如创建容器、Pod挂载数据卷、下载secret、获取容器和节点状态等工作。kubelet将每个pod转换成一组容器
kube-proxy：在node节点上实现pod网络代理，维护网络规划和四层负载均衡的工作
扫描二维码关注公众号，回复： 11172178 查看本文章
docker：Docker引擎
flannel：flannel网络
-
etcd集群介绍：etcd集群在这里分布的部署到了三个节点上
etcd是CoreOS团队于2013年6月发起的开源项目，基于go语言开发，目标是构建一个高可用的分布式键值（key-value）数据库。etcd内部采用raft协议作为一致性算法。
etcd集群数据无中心化集群，有如下特点：
1、简单：安装配置简单，而且提供了HTTP进行交互，使用也很简单
2、安全：支持SSL证书验证
3、快速：根据官方提供的benchmark数据，单实例支持每秒2k+读操作
4、可靠：采用raft算法，实现分布式数据的可用性和一致性
-
部署K8S集群中会用到的自签SSL证书
组件 使用的证书 etcd ca.pem，server.pem，server-key.pem flannel ca.pem，server.pem，server-key.pem kube-apiserver ca.pem，server.pem，server-key.pem kubelet ca.pem，ca-key.pem kube-proxy ca.pem，kube-proxy.pem，kube-proxy-key.pem kubectl ca.pem，admin-pem，admin-key.pem
1.2：开局优化
-
1、修改主机名
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname master '//相同方法修改另外两台主机' [root@localhost ~]# su [root@master ~]# -
2、关闭防火墙与核心防护，三个节点都做，此处仅展示master 的操作
[root@node02 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service. Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service. [root@node02 ~]# setenforce 0 && sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELNIUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
1.3：ETCD集群部署
-
1、master主机创建k8s文件夹并上传etcd脚本，下载cffssl官方证书生成工具
[root@master ~]# mkdir -p k8s/etcd-cert [root@master ~]# cd k8s/ [root@master k8s]# rz -E '//上传etcd脚本' rz waiting to receive. [root@master k8s]# ls etcd-cert etcd-cert.sh etcd.sh [root@master k8s]# mv etcd-cert.sh etcd-cert '//移动到相应目录' [root@master k8s]# vim cfssl.sh curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssl curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssljson curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl /usr/local/bin/cfssljson /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo [root@master k8s]# bash cfssl.sh '//运行下载工具的脚本' [root@master k8s]# ls /usr/local/bin/ cfssl cfssl-certinfo cfssljson '//cfssl：生成证书工具、cfssljson：通过传入json文件生成证书、cfssl-certinfo查看证书信息' -
2、创建证书
[root@master k8s]# cd etcd-cert/ [root@master etcd-cert]# ls etcd-cert.sh [root@master etcd-cert]# vim etcd-cert.sh [root@master etcd-cert]# cat > ca-config.json <<EOF '//定义ca证书配置文件' > { > "signing": { > "default": { > "expiry": "87600h" '//有效期10年' > }, > "profiles": { > "www": { > "expiry": "87600h", > "usages": [ > "signing", > "key encipherment", > "server auth", > "client auth" > ] > } > } > } > } > EOF [root@master etcd-cert]# ls ca-config.json etcd-cert.sh [root@master etcd-cert]# cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF '//实现证书签名' > { > "CN": "etcd CA", > "key": { > "algo": "rsa", > "size": 2048 > }, > "names": [ > { > "C": "CN", > "L": "Beijing", > "ST": "Beijing" > } > ] > } > EOF [root@master etcd-cert]# ls ca-config.json ca-csr.json etcd-cert.sh [root@master etcd-cert]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca - '//生成证书：ca-key.pem、ca.pem' 2020/04/28 17:20:04 [INFO] generating a new CA key and certificate from CSR 2020/04/28 17:20:04 [INFO] generate received request 2020/04/28 17:20:04 [INFO] received CSR 2020/04/28 17:20:04 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048 2020/04/28 17:20:04 [INFO] encoded CSR 2020/04/28 17:20:04 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 627688569501939751033650268553951663355426596234 [root@master etcd-cert]# ls ca-config.json ca.csr ca-csr.json ca-key.pem ca.pem etcd-cert.sh -
3、指定etcd三个节点之间的通信验证
[root@master etcd-cert]# cat > server-csr.json <<EOF '//配置服务器端的签名文件' > { > "CN": "etcd", > "hosts": [ > "192.168.233.131", > "192.168.233.132", > "192.168.233.133" > ], > "key": { > "algo": "rsa", > "size": 2048 > }, > "names": [ > { > "C": "CN", > "L": "BeiJing", > "ST": "BeiJing" > } > ] > } > EOF [root@master etcd-cert]# ls ca-config.json ca.csr ca-csr.json ca-key.pem ca.pem etcd-cert.sh server-csr.json [root@master etcd-cert]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server '//服务器端使用签名文件生成ETCD证书，生成server-key.pem和server.pem证书' 2020/04/28 17:26:08 [INFO] generate received request 2020/04/28 17:26:08 [INFO] received CSR 2020/04/28 17:26:08 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048 2020/04/28 17:26:08 [INFO] encoded CSR 2020/04/28 17:26:08 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 104231949478288171020459643652243317335608475999 2020/04/28 17:26:08 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org); specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements"). [root@master etcd-cert]# ls ca-config.json ca-csr.json ca.pem server.csr server-key.pem ca.csr ca-key.pem etcd-cert.sh server-csr.json server.pem -
4、下载并解压ETCD二进制包，下载地址：https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases
[root@master etcd-cert]# cd .. [root@master k8s]# rz -E '//我已经下载好了，直接上传，还有flannel和kubernetes-server的软件也一起上传' rz waiting to receive. [root@master k8s]# ls cfssl.sh etcd.sh flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz etcd-cert etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz [root@master k8s]# tar zxvf etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz '//解压软件' -
5、创建命令，配置文件和证书的文件夹，并移动相应文件到相应目录
[root@master k8s]# mkdir -p /opt/etcd/{cfg,bin,ssl} [root@master k8s]# ls /opt/etcd/ bin cfg ssl [root@master k8s]# ls etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64 Documentation etcd etcdctl README-etcdctl.md README.md READMEv2-etcdctl.md [root@master k8s]# mv etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64/etcd* /opt/etcd/bin '//移动命令到刚刚创建的 bin目录' [root@master k8s]# ls /opt/etcd/bin/ etcd etcdctl [root@master k8s]# cp etcd-cert/*.pem /opt/etcd/ssl '//将证书文件复制到刚刚创建的ssl目录' [root@master k8s]# ls /opt/etcd/ssl ca-key.pem ca.pem server-key.pem server.pem [root@master k8s]# vim etcd.sh '//查看配置文件' ...省略内容 ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2380" '//2380端口是etcd内部通信端口' ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2379" '//2379是单个etcd对外提供的端口' ...省略内容 -
6、主节点执行脚本并声明本地节点名称和地址，此时会进入监控状态，等待其他节点加入，等待时间2分钟
[root@master k8s]# ls /opt/etcd/cfg/ '//此时查看这个目录是没有文件的' [root@master k8s]# bash etcd.sh etcd01 192.168.233.131 etcd02=https://192.168.233.132:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.233.133:2380 '//执行命令进入监控状态' Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/etcd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service. [root@master k8s]# ls /opt/etcd/cfg/ '//此时重新打开终端，发现已经生成了文件' etcd -
7、拷贝证书和启动脚本到两个工作节点
[root@master k8s]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ [email protected]:/opt [root@master k8s]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ [email protected]:/opt [root@master k8s]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system [root@master k8s]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system -
node01和node02两个工作节点修改修改etcd配置文件，修改相应的名称和IP地址
[root@node01 ~]# vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd '//两个节点相同方法修改，此处指展示node01的修改' -
先开启主节点的集群脚本，然后两个节点启动etcd
[root@master k8s]# bash etcd.sh etcd01 192.168.233.131 etcd02=https://192.168.233.132:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.233.133:2380 '//master节点开启集群脚本' [root@node01 ~]# systemctl start etcd '//然后两个节点启动etcd' [root@node01 ~]# systemctl status etcd [root@node02 ~]# systemctl starts etcd [root@node02 ~]# systemctl status etcd -
检查集群状态：注意相对路径
[root@master k8s]# cd /opt/etcd/ssl/ [root@master ssl]# ls ca-key.pem ca.pem server-key.pem server.pem [root@master ssl]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=ca.pem --cert-file=server.pem --key-file=server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.233.131:2379,https://192.168.233.132:2379,https://192.168.233.133:2379" cluster-health member a577d40b7d081aae is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.233.132:2379 member b5d01bc42d3df1bf is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.233.133:2379 member bd998b98e5e1b417 is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.233.131:2379 cluster is healthy '//集群是健康的，没问题' -
到此，ETCD集群已经搭建成功
1.4：部署Docker
- 两个node节点部署Docker，不在赘述，如有疑问，可参阅我之前的博客：https://blog.csdn.net/CN_TangZheng/article/details/105452665
1.5：flannel容器集群网络部署
1.5.1：flannel网络理论介绍
- Overlay Network：覆盖网络，在基础网络上叠加的一种虚拟化网络技术模式，该网络中的主机通过虚拟链路连接起来
- VXLAN：将源数据包封装到UDP中，并使用基础网络的IP/MAC作为外层报文头进行封装，然后在以太网上进行传输，到达目的地后由隧道端点解封装并将数据发送给目标地址
- Flannel：是Overlay网络的一种，也是将源数据包封装在另一种网络包里面进行路由转发和通信，目前已经支持UDP、VXLAN、AWS VPC和GCE路由等数据转发方式
- Flannel是CoreOS团队针对 Kubernetes设计的一个网络规划服务，简单来说，它的功能是让集群中的不同节点主机创建的 Docker容器都具有全集群唯一的虚拟IP地址。而且它还能在这些IP地址之间建立一个覆盖网络（overlay Network），通过这个覆盖网络，将数据包原封不动地传递到目标容器内
- ETCD在这里的作用：为Flannel提供说明
- 存储管理 Flannel可分配的IP地址段资源
- 监控ETCD中每个Pod的实际地址，并在内存中建立维护Pod节点路由表
1.5.2：部署
-
1、master节点写入分配的子网段到ETCD中，供flannel使用
[root@master ssl]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=ca.pem --cert-file=server.pem --key-file=server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.233.131:2379,https://192.168.233.132:2379,https://192.168.233.133:2379" set /coreos.com/network/config '{"Network": "172.17.0.0/16","Backend":{"Type":"vxlan"}}' '//写入分配的网段' {"Network": "172.17.0.0/16","Backend":{"Type":"vxlan"}} [root@master ssl]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=ca.pem --cert-file=server.pem --key-file=server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.233.131:2379,https://192.168.233.132:2379,https://192.168.233.133:2379" get /coreos.com/network/config '//查看写入的网段' {"Network": "172.17.0.0/16","Backend":{"Type":"vxlan"}} -
2、在两个node节点部署flannel
[root@master ssl]# cd /root/k8s/ [root@master k8s]# scp flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz [email protected]:/opt [root@master k8s]# scp flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz [email protected]:/opt [root@node01 ~]# cd /opt [root@node01 opt]# ls containerd etcd flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz [root@node01 opt]# tar zxvf flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz '//node02也要解压，不在赘述' flanneld mk-docker-opts.sh README.md '//谁需要跑pod，谁就需要安装flannel网络' -
3、node节点创建k8s工作目录，将两个脚本移动到对应工作目录
[root@node01 opt]# mkdir -p /opt/k8s/{cfg,bin,ssl} '//创建对应配置文件，命令和证书目录' [root@node01 opt]# mv mk-docker-opts.sh flanneld ./k8s/bin/ '//移动flannel脚本命令到相应目录' [root@node01 opt]# ls k8s/bin/ mk-docker-opts.sh -
4、两个node节点都编辑flannel.sh脚本：创建配置文件与启动脚本，定义的端口是2379，节点对外提供的端口
[root@node01 opt]# vim flannel.sh #!/bin/bash ETCD_ENDPOINTS=${1:-"http://127.0.0.1:2379"} cat <<EOF >/opt/k8s/cfg/flanneld FLANNEL_OPTIONS="--etcd-endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} \ -etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \ -etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \ -etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \" EOF cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service [Unit] Description=Flanneld overlay address etcd agent After=network.target After=network-online.target Before=docker.service [Service] Type=notify EnvironmentFile=/opt/k8s/cfg/flanneld ExecStart=/opt/k8s/bin/flanneld --ip-masq \$FLANNEL_OPTIONS ExecStartPost=/opt/k8s/bin/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS -d /run/flannel/subnet.env Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF systemctl daemon-reload systemctl enable flanneld systemctl restart flanneld -
5、执行脚本，开启flannel网络功能
[root@node01 opt]# bash flannel.sh https://192.168.233.131:2379,https://192.168.233.132：2379,https://192.168.233.133:2379 '//两个node节点都开启' Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/flanneld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service. [root@node02 opt]# systemctl status flanneld '//查看flanneld服务是否正常开启' -
6、配置docker连接flannel网络
[root@node01 opt]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service EnvironmentFile=/run/flannel/subnet.env ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// $DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID -
7、查看flannel分配给docker的IP地址
[root@node01 opt]# cat /run/flannel/subnet.env '//node01节点分配的地址' DOCKER_OPT_BIP="--bip=172.17.26.1/24" DOCKER_OPT_IPMASQ="--ip-masq=false" DOCKER_OPT_MTU="--mtu=1450" DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS=" --bip=172.17.26.1/24 --ip-masq=false --mtu=1450" '//bip指定启动时的子网' [root@node02 opt]# cat /run/flannel/subnet.env '//node02节点分配的地址' DOCKER_OPT_BIP="--bip=172.17.4.1/24" DOCKER_OPT_IPMASQ="--ip-masq=false" DOCKER_OPT_MTU="--mtu=1450" DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS=" --bip=172.17.4.1/24 --ip-masq=false --mtu=1450" -
8、重启Docker服务，再次查看flannel网络是否有变化
[root@node02 opt]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@node02 opt]# systemctl restart docker [root@node02 opt]# ip addr '//两个节点应该能查看到各自对应的flannel网络的网段' -
9、创建容器测试两个node节点是否可以互联互通
[root@node01 opt]# docker run -it centos:7 /bin/bash '//两个节点都创建并运行容器' [root@8ffe415fb35e /]# yum -y install net-tools '//两个容器中都安装网络工具' [root@8ffe415fb35e /]# ifconfig eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1450 inet 172.17.26.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 172.17.26.255 ...省略内容 '//经过查看，node01节点容器的IP地址是172.17.26.2，node02节点容器的IP地址是172.17.4.2 ' [root@8ffe415fb35e /]# ping 172.17.4.2 '//node01节点的容器ping node02节点的容器成功' PING 172.17.4.2 (172.17.4.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.17.4.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=0.477 ms 64 bytes from 172.17.4.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=0.697 ms 64 bytes from 172.17.4.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=0.705 ms ^C --- 172.17.4.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.477/0.626/0.705/0.107 ms [root@e8e969f37720 /]# ping 172.17.26.2 '//node02 ping node01容器' PING 172.17.26.2 (172.17.26.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.17.26.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=0.813 ms 64 bytes from 172.17.26.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=1.02 ms 64 bytes from 172.17.26.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=0.513 ms ^C --- 172.17.26.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2003ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.513/0.785/1.029/0.211 ms '//证明flannel网络部署成功'
1.6：部署master组件
- 下图是node节点的kubectl启动的流程图，根据此流程图，我们需要在master节点将kubelet-bootstrap用户绑定到集群，然后部署一些证书认证使node节点能够被master节点检测到并且成功连接。
-
1、master节点操作，api-server生成证书
[root@master k8s]# mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{cfg,bin,ssl} '//创建k8s工作目录' [root@master k8s]# mkdir k8s-cert '//创建k8s证书目录' [root@master k8s]# unzip master.zip -d /opt/kubernetes/ '//解压 maste.zip' [root@master k8s]# ls /opt/k8s/ apiserver.sh bin cfg controller-manager.sh scheduler.sh ssl '//发现controller-manager.sh 没有执行权限' [root@master k8s]# chmod +x /opt/kubernetes/controller-manager.sh '//给执行权限' [root@master k8s]# cd k8s-cert/ [root@master k8s-cert]# vim k8s-cert.sh cat > ca-config.json <<EOF { "signing": { "default": { "expiry": "87600h" }, "profiles": { "kubernetes": { "expiry": "87600h", "usages": [ "signing", "key encipherment", "server auth", "client auth" ] } } } } EOF cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF { "CN": "kubernetes", "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "Beijing", "ST": "Beijing", "O": "k8s", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca - #----------------------- cat > server-csr.json <<EOF { "CN": "kubernetes", "hosts": [ "10.0.0.1", "127.0.0.1", "192.168.233.131", '//master1，配置文件中要删除此类注释' "192.168.233.130", '//master2' "192.168.233.100", '//VIP' "192.168.233.128", '//nginx代理master' "192.168.233.129", '//nginx代理backup' "kubernetes", "kubernetes.default", "kubernetes.default.svc", "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster", "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local" ], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "BeiJing", "ST": "BeiJing", "O": "k8s", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server #----------------------- cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF { "CN": "admin", "hosts": [], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "BeiJing", "ST": "BeiJing", "O": "system:masters", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin #----------------------- cat > kube-proxy-csr.json <<EOF { "CN": "system:kube-proxy", "hosts": [], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "BeiJing", "ST": "BeiJing", "O": "k8s", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy '//为什么没有写node节点的IP地址？因为如果写了node节点IP地址，后期增加或者删除node节点的时候会非常麻烦' -
2、生成证书
[root@master k8s-cert]# bash k8s-cert.sh '//生成证书' [root@master k8s-cert]# ls admin.csr admin.pem ca-csr.json k8s-cert.sh kube-proxy-key.pem server-csr.json admin-csr.json ca-config.json ca-key.pem kube-proxy.csr kube-proxy.pem server-key.pem admin-key.pem ca.csr ca.pem kube-proxy-csr.json server.csr server.pem [root@master k8s-cert]# ls *.pem admin-key.pem ca-key.pem kube-proxy-key.pem server-key.pem admin.pem ca.pem kube-proxy.pem server.pem [root@master k8s-cert]# cp ca*.pem server*.pem /opt/kubernets/ssl/ '//复制证书到工作目录' [root@master k8s-cert]# ls /opt/kubernets/ssl/ ca-key.pem ca.pem server-key.pem server.pem -
3、解压k8s服务器端压缩包
[root@master k8s-cert]# cd .. [root@master k8s]# ls cfssl.sh etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64 k8s-cert etcd-cert etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz etcd.sh flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz master.zip [root@master k8s]# tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz -
4、复制服务器端关键命令到k8s工作目录中
[root@master k8s]# cd kubernetes/server/bin/ [root@master bin]# cp kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl kube-apiserver /opt/kubernets/bin/ [root@master bin]# ls /opt/kubernetes/bin/ kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kubectl kube-scheduler -
5、编辑令牌并绑定角色kubelet-bootstrap
[root@master bin]# cd /root/k8s/ [root@master k8s]# head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d '' '//随机生成序列号' 7ea8f86b 157225fd 4b927376 5e88a3ca [root@master k8s]# vim /opt/kubernets/cfg/token.csv 7ea8f86b157225fd4b9273765e88a3ca,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap" '//序列号，用户名，id，角色，这个用户是master用来管理node节点的' -
6、开启apiserver，将数据存放在etcd集群中并检查kube状态
[root@master kubernetes]# bash apiserver.sh 192.168.233.131 https://192.168.233.131:2379,https://192.168.233.132:2379,https://192.168.233.133:2379 [root@master kubernetes]# ls /opt/kubernetes/cfg/ kube-apiserver token.csv [root@master kubernetes]# netstat -ntap |grep kube [root@master kubernetes]# ps aux |grep kube [root@master kubernetes]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver ...省略内容 --secure-port=6443 \ '//其实就是443，https协议通信端口' ...省略内容 [root@master kubernetes]# netstat -ntap |grep 6443 tcp 0 0 192.168.233.131:6443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 12636/kube-apiserve tcp 0 0 192.168.233.131:40686 192.168.233.131:6443 ESTABLISHED 12636/kube-apiserve tcp 0 0 192.168.233.131:6443 192.168.233.131:40686 ESTABLISHED 12636/kube-apiserve -
7、启动scheduler服务
[root@master kubernetes]# ./scheduler.sh 127.0.0.1 Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-scheduler.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service. [root@master kubernetes]# systemctl status kube-scheduler -
8、启动controller-manager
[root@master kubernetes]# ./controller-manager.sh 127.0.0.1 Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-controller-manager.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service. [root@master kubernetes]# systemctl status kube-controller-manager -
9、查看master节点状态
[root@master kubernetes]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get cs '//发现是正常的，没问题' NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR controller-manager Healthy ok scheduler Healthy ok etcd-2 Healthy {"health":"true"} etcd-1 Healthy {"health":"true"} etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true"}
1.7：node01节点部署
-
1、master节点上将kubectl和kube-proxy拷贝到node节点
[root@master kubernetes]# cd /root/k8s/kubernetes/server/bin/ [root@master bin]# ls apiextensions-apiserver kube-apiserver.docker_tag kube-proxy cloud-controller-manager kube-apiserver.tar kube-proxy.docker_tag cloud-controller-manager.docker_tag kube-controller-manager kube-proxy.tar cloud-controller-manager.tar kube-controller-manager.docker_tag kube-scheduler hyperkube kube-controller-manager.tar kube-scheduler.docker_tag kubeadm kubectl kube-scheduler.tar kube-apiserver kubelet [root@master bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy [email protected]:/opt/k8s/bin [root@master bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy [email protected]:/opt/k8s/bin -
2、node节点解压node.zip
[root@node01 ~]# rz -E rz waiting to receive. [root@node01 ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz node.zip [root@node01 ~]# unzip node.zip [root@node01 ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz kubelet.sh node.zip proxy.sh -
3、master节点创建kubeconfig目录
[root@master bin]# cd /root/k8s/ [root@master k8s]# mkdir kubeconfig [root@master k8s]# cd kubeconfig/ [root@master kubeconfig]# vim kubeconfig APISERVER=$1 SSL_DIR=$2 # 创建kubelet bootstrapping kubeconfig export KUBE_APISERVER="https://$APISERVER:6443" # 设置集群参数 kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=$SSL_DIR/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig # 设置客户端认证参数 kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \ --token=7ea8f86b157225fd4b9273765e88a3ca \ '//此token序列号就是之前/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv 文件中使用的的' --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig # 设置上下文参数 kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user=kubelet-bootstrap \ --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig # 设置默认上下文 kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig #---------------------- # 创建kube-proxy kubeconfig文件 kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=$SSL_DIR/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \ --client-certificate=$SSL_DIR/kube-proxy.pem \ --client-key=$SSL_DIR/kube-proxy-key.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user=kube-proxy \ --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig [root@master kubeconfig]# export PATH=$PATH://opt/kubernetes/bin '//设置环境变量（可以写入到/etc/prlfile中）' -
4、生成配置文件并拷贝到node节点
[root@master kubeconfig]# bash kubeconfig 192.168.233.131 /root/k8s/k8s-cert/ [root@master kubeconfig]# ls bootstrap.kubeconfig kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig [root@master kubeconfig]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig [email protected]:/opt/k8s/cfg [root@master kubeconfig]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig [email protected]:/opt/k8s/cfg -
5、创建bootstrap角色并赋予权限用于连接apiserver请求签名
[root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --user=kubelet-bootstrap clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubelet-bootstrap created -
6、node01节点操作生成kubelet kubelet.config配置文件
[root@node01 ~]# vim kubelet.sh '//将/opt/kubernetes路径都修改为/opt/k8s' [root@node01 ~]# bash kubelet.sh 192.168.233.132 Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service. [root@node01 ~]# ls /opt/k8s/cfg/ bootstrap.kubeconfig flanneld kubelet kubelet.config kube-proxy.kubeconfig [root@node01 ~]# systemctl status kubelet -
7、master上检查到node01节点的请求，查看证书状态
[root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr NAME AGE REQUESTOR CONDITION node-csr-xmi9gQiUIFuyZ9KAIKFIyf4JiQOuPN1tACjVzu_SH6s 71s kubelet-bootstrap Pending '//pending：等待集群给该节点办法证书' -
8、颁发证书，再次查看证书状态
[root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-xmi9gQiUIFuyZ9KAIKFIyf4JiQOuPN1tACjVzu_SH6s certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-xmi9gQiUIFuyZ9KAIKFIyf4JiQOuPN1tACjVzu_SH6s approved [root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr NAME AGE REQUESTOR CONDITION node-csr-xmi9gQiUIFuyZ9KAIKFIyf4JiQOuPN1tACjVzu_SH6s 3m9s kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued '//已经被允许加入集群' -
9、查看集群状态并启动proxy服务
[root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl get node '//如果有一个节点noready，检查kubelet，如果很多节点noready，那就检查apiserver，如果没问题再检查VIP地址，keepalived' NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION 192.168.233.132 Ready <none> 92s v1.12.3 [root@node01 ~]# vim proxy.sh '//修改配置文件，将/opt/kubernetes路径换成/opt/k8s' [root@node01 ~]# bash proxy.sh 192.168.233.132 Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-proxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service. [root@node01 ~]# systemctl status kube-proxy.service '//发现服务是running状态'
1.8：node02节点部署
-
1、将node01之前生成的配置文件直接复制到node02
[root@node01 ~]# scp -r /opt/k8s/cfg/ [email protected]:/opt/k8s/cfg/ [root@node01 ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system '//复制启动脚本过去' -
2、修改三个配置文件的IP地址
[root@node02 ~]# cd /opt/k8s/cfg/ [root@node02 cfg]# vim kubelet --hostname-override=192.168.233.133 \ '//修改为自己的IP地址' [root@node02 cfg]# vim kubelet.config address: 192.168.233.133 [root@node02 cfg]# vim kube-proxy --hostname-override=192.168.233.133 \ -
3、启动服务并查看状态
[root@node02 cfg]# systemctl start kubelet [root@node02 cfg]# systemctl enable kubelet Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service. [root@node02 cfg]# systemctl status kubelet [root@node02 cfg]# systemctl start kube-proxy [root@node02 cfg]# systemctl enable kube-proxy Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-proxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service. [root@node02 cfg]# systemctl status kube-proxy -
master上操作查看请求并同意node02证书
[root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr NAME AGE REQUESTOR CONDITION node-csr-A8BX2W67HKODPGvn0Q0dZ8Lr5Q8_2fXFt1O0STzZdis 74s kubelet-bootstrap Pending node-csr-xmi9gQiUIFuyZ9KAIKFIyf4JiQOuPN1tACjVzu_SH6s 21m kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued [root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-A8BX2W67HKODPGvn0Q0dZ8Lr5Q8_2fXFt1O0STzZdis '//同意证书' certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-A8BX2W67HKODPGvn0Q0dZ8Lr5Q8_2fXFt1O0STzZdis approved [root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr NAME AGE REQUESTOR CONDITION node-csr-A8BX2W67HKODPGvn0Q0dZ8Lr5Q8_2fXFt1O0STzZdis 99s kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued node-csr-xmi9gQiUIFuyZ9KAIKFIyf4JiQOuPN1tACjVzu_SH6s 21m kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued [root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl get node NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION 192.168.233.132 Ready <none> 19m v1.12.3 192.168.233.133 Ready <none> 44s v1.12.3
k8s单节点搭建成功，谢谢赏阅！如有疑问可评论区交流！
原创文章 172
获赞 97
访问量 5万+