Linux---redis的部署

Linux—redis的部署

一.redis简介

1.redis是一个开源的使用ANSI C语言编写、遵守BSD协议，支持网络，可基于内存可持久化的日志型、key-Value的数据库，并提供多种语言的API。

2.redis是完全开源免费的，是一个高性能的key-value数据库

3.redis的特点：

1）redis支持数据的持久化，可以将内存中的数据库保存在磁盘中，重启的时候可以再次加载进行使用

2）redis不仅仅支持简单的key-value类型的数据，同时还提供list，set，zset，hash等数据结构的存储

3）redis支持数据的备份，即master-slave模式的数据备份

4.redis优点：

1）redis的读写速度极高

2）redis的所有操作都具有原子性

3）支持很多二进制数据类型

二.redis的部署

1.准备安装包：

yum install gcc gcc-c++ make -y 

2.准备redis安装包，并解压：

tar xzvf redis-5.0.7.tar.gz -C /opt

3.编译安装：

[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/redis-5.0.7/
[root@localhost redis-5.0.7]# make

[root@localhost redis-5.0.7]# make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis install

4.开启服务，并设置：

[root@localhost redis-5.0.7]# cd /opt/redis-5.0.7/utils/
[root@localhost utils]# ./install_server.sh 
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server

Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379] 
Selecting default: 6379
Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6379.conf] 
Selected default - /etc/redis/6379.conf
Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6379.log] 
Selected default - /var/log/redis_6379.log
Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6379] 
Selected default - /var/lib/redis/6379
Please select the redis executable path [] /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server
Selected config:
Port           : 6379
Config file    : /etc/redis/6379.conf
Log file       : /var/log/redis_6379.log
Data dir       : /var/lib/redis/6379
Executable     : /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server
Cli Executable : /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli
Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort.
Copied /tmp/6379.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6379
Installing service...
Successfully added to chkconfig!
Successfully added to runlevels 345!
Starting Redis server...
Installation successful!

5.查看端口：

[root@localhost utils]# netstat -natp | grep 6379
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6379          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      8145/redis-server 1 

6.创建软链接

ln -s /usr/local/redis/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

7.修改配置文件，添加本地地址：

vim /etc/redis/6379.conf

bind 127.0.0.1 192.168.88.218

8.重启服务：

[root@localhost utils]# service redis_6379 restart
Stopping ...
Redis stopped
Starting Redis server...

9.关闭防火墙：

[root@localhost utils]# systemctl stop firewalld.service 
[root@localhost utils]# setenforce 0

10.登录redis数据库

[root@localhost utils]# redis-cli -h 192.168.88.218 -p 6379
192.168.88.218:6379> 

三.redis数据库低一些基本操作命令：

1.help @list 查看列表

2.help set 查看set信息：

192.168.88.218:6379> help set

  SET key value [expiration EX seconds|PX milliseconds] [NX|XX]
  summary: Set the string value of a key
  since: 1.0.0
  group: string

3.创建

192.168.88.218:6379> set teacher zhangsan
OK
192.168.88.218:6379> set tea red
OK

4.keys * 查看所有

192.168.88.218:6379> keys *
1) "teacher"
2) "tea"

5.条件查找

192.168.88.218:6379> keys t??
1) "tea"

6.查看健的值：

192.168.88.218:6379> get tea
"red"

7.查看健是否存在

192.168.88.218:6379> EXISTS tea
(integer) 1
192.168.88.218:6379> EXISTS teas
(integer) 0

8.删除：

192.168.88.218:6379> del teacher
(integer) 1
192.168.88.218:6379> keys *
1) "tea"

9.查看健的类型：

192.168.88.218:6379> type tea
string

10.重命名：

192.168.88.218:6379> rename tea t1
OK
192.168.88.218:6379> keys *
1) "t1"
192.168.88.218:6379> get t1
"red"

11.切换库：

192.168.88.218:6379> SELECT 10
OK
192.168.88.218:6379[10]> keys *
(empty list or set)

12.移库：

192.168.88.218:6379[10]> SELECT 0
OK
192.168.88.218:6379> MOVE t1 10
(integer) 1
192.168.88.218:6379> SELECT 10
OK
192.168.88.218:6379[10]> keys *
1) "t1"

13.清空所有：

192.168.88.218:6379[10]> FLUSHDB
OK
192.168.88.218:6379[10]> keys *
(empty list or set)

四.压测redis的get和set

1.查看get和set

-h:指定服务器主机名

-p:指定服务端口

-c:并发连接数

-n:指定请求数

[root@localhost utils]# redis-benchmark -h 192.168.88.218 -p 6379 -c 100 -n 100000

====== SET ======
  100000 requests completed in 0.68 seconds
  100 parallel clients
  3 bytes payload
  keep alive: 1

99.39% <= 1 milliseconds
99.60% <= 2 milliseconds
99.80% <= 5 milliseconds
99.90% <= 13 milliseconds
100.00% <= 13 milliseconds
147058.83 requests per second

====== GET ======
  100000 requests completed in 0.66 seconds
  100 parallel clients
  3 bytes payload
  keep alive: 1

99.49% <= 1 milliseconds
100.00% <= 1 milliseconds
152439.02 requests per second

2.查看字节大小

-q:强制退出

-d:一字节的形式指定SET/GET值得数据大小

[root@localhost utils]# redis-benchmark -h 192.168.88.218 -p 6379 -q -d 100
PING_INLINE: 157232.70 requests per second
PING_BULK: 161812.31 requests per second
SET: 154559.50 requests per second
GET: 154798.75 requests per second
INCR: 154559.50 requests per second
LPUSH: 134770.89 requests per second
RPUSH: 130718.95 requests per second
LPOP: 142857.14 requests per second
RPOP: 149925.03 requests per second
SADD: 153374.23 requests per second
HSET: 150150.14 requests per second
SPOP: 154320.98 requests per second
LPUSH (needed to benchmark LRANGE): 133868.81 requests per second
LRANGE_100 (first 100 elements): 48520.13 requests per second
LRANGE_300 (first 300 elements): 15427.34 requests per second
LRANGE_500 (first 450 elements): 9593.25 requests per second
LRANGE_600 (first 600 elements): 6980.32 requests per second
MSET (10 keys): 110132.16 requests per second

五.配置文件优化

vim /etc/redis/6379.conf

1.RDB持久化

1.RDB核心规则配置 save <指定时间间隔> <执行指定次数更新操作>

save 900 1

save 300 10

save 60 10000

2.当RDB持久化出现错误后，是否依然进行继续进行工作

stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes

3.压缩功能

rdbcompression yes

4.是否校验rdb文件

rdbchecksum yes

5.数据目录，数据库会写入这个目录

dir /var/lib/redis/6379

2.AOF持久化

1.Redis 默认不开启，开启它

appendonly yes

2.指定本地数据库文件名

appendfilename "appendonly.aof"

3.aof持久化策略的配置,总是开启

appendfsync always

#appendfsync everysec

#appendfsync no

4.重写功能

no-appendfsync-on-rewrite yes

auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100

auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb

5.aof文件可能在尾部是不完整的，当redis启动的时候，aof文件的数据被载入内存

aof-load-truncated yes

6.加载redis时，可以识别AOF文件以“redis”开头

aof-use-rdb-preamble yes