[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000af3ce
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 209715199 103808000 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 209715200 1048575999 419430400 83 Linux //说明：此处sda3是新划分的分区
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 8455 MB, 8455716864 bytes, 16515072 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-home: 44.1 GB, 44149243904 bytes, 86228992 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sda3 //说明：使用mkfs.xfs命令格式化磁盘分区sda3
/dev/sda3: No such file or directory
Usage: mkfs.xfs
/* blocksize */ [-b log=n|size=num]
/* metadata */ [-m crc=0|1,finobt=0|1,uuid=xxx]
/* data subvol */ [-d agcount=n,agsize=n,file,name=xxx,size=num,
(sunit=value,swidth=value|su=num,sw=num|noalign),
sectlog=n|sectsize=num
/* force overwrite */ [-f]
/* inode size */ [-i log=n|perblock=n|size=num,maxpct=n,attr=0|1|2,
projid32bit=0|1]
/* no discard */ [-K]
/* log subvol */ [-l agnum=n,internal,size=num,logdev=xxx,version=n
sunit=value|su=num,sectlog=n|sectsize=num,
lazy-count=0|1]
/* label */ [-L label (maximum 12 characters)]
/* naming */ [-n log=n|size=num,version=2|ci,ftype=0|1]
/* no-op info only */ [-N]
/* prototype file */ [-p fname]
/* quiet */ [-q]
/* realtime subvol */ [-r extsize=num,size=num,rtdev=xxx]
/* sectorsize */ [-s log=n|size=num]
/* version */ [-V]
devicename
<devicename> is required unless -d name=xxx is given.
<num> is xxx (bytes), xxxs (sectors), xxxb (fs blocks), xxxk (xxx KiB),
xxxm (xxx MiB), xxxg (xxx GiB), xxxt (xxx TiB) or xxxp (xxx PiB).
<value> is xxx (512 byte blocks).
解决这个问题可以使用partprobe 命令,
partprobe包含在parted的rpm软件包中。
partprobe可以修改kernel中分区表，使kernel重新读取分区表。
因此，使用该命令就可以创建分区并且在不重新启动机器的情况下系统能够识别这些分区。
//第一步，检查是否安装了partprobe软件包
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q parted //说明：检查是否安装了partprobe软件包
parted-3.1-29.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# partprobe //说明：通知操作系统分区表的变化
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sda3
meta-data=/dev/sda3 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=26214400 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=104857600, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=51200, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
下面附录partprobe命令的官方帮助文档：
[root@localhost ~]# partprobe -h
Usage: partprobe [OPTION] [DEVICE]...
Inform the operating system about partition table changes.
-d, --dry-run do not actually inform the operating system
-s, --summary print a summary of contents
-h, --help display this help and exit
-v, --version output version information and exit
When no DEVICE is given, probe all partitions.
Report bugs to <[email protected]>.
probe单词的意思：
| probe | 英[prəʊb] | 美[proʊb] |
| v. | 盘问; 追问; 探究; (用细长工具) 探查，查看; |
| n. | 探究; 详尽调查; (不载人) 航天探测器，宇宙探测航天器; (医生用的) 探针; |
