Python实践练习:电话号码和 E-mail 地址提取程序

题目:

假设你有一个无聊的任务,要在一篇长的网页或文章中,找出所有电话号码和邮件地址。如果手动翻页,可能需要查找很长时间。如果有一个程序,可以在剪贴板的文本中查找电话号码和 E-mail 地址,那你就只要按一下 Ctrl-A 选择所有文本,按下 Ctrl-C 将它复制到剪贴板,然后运行你的程序。它会用找到的电话号码和 E-mail地址,替换掉剪贴板中的文本。

测试文本

Skip to main content
Home
Search form

Search

GO!
Topics
Arduino
Art & Design
General Computing
Hacking & Computer Security
Hardware / DIY
JavaScript
Kids
LEGO®
LEGO® MINDSTORMS®
Linux & BSD
Skip to main content
Home
Search form

Search

GO!
Catalog
Media
Write for Us
About Us
Topics
Arduino
Art & Design
General Computing
Hacking & Computer Security
Hardware / DIY
JavaScript
Kids
LEGO®
LEGO® MINDSTORMS®
Linux & BSD
Manga
Minecraft
Programming
Python
Science & Math
Scratch
System Administration
Early Access
Gift Certificates
Free ebook edition with every print book purchased from nostarch.com!
Shopping cart
3 Items    Total: $53.48
View cart Checkout
Contact Us

No Starch Press, Inc.
245 8th Street
San Francisco, CA 94103 USA
Phone: 800.420.7240 or +1 415.863.9900 (9 a.m. to 5 p.m., M-F, PST)
Fax: +1 415.863.9950

Reach Us by Email
General inquiries: [email protected]
Media requests: [email protected]
Academic requests: [email protected] (Please see this page for academic review requests)
Help with your order: [email protected]
Reach Us on Social Media
Twitter
Facebook
Navigation
My account
Log out
Manage your subscription preferences.


About Us  |  ★ Jobs! ★  |  Sales and Distribution  |  Rights  |  Media  |  Academic Requests  |  Conferences  |  Order FAQ  |  Contact Us  |  Write for Us  |  Privacy
Copyright 2018 No Starch Press, Inc

运行后结果

Copied to clipboard:
800-420-7240
415-863-9900
415-863-9950 
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
Hit any key to close this window...

思路:

当你开始接手一个新项目时,很容易想要直接开始写代码。但更多的时候,最好是后退一步,考虑更大的图景。

我建议先草拟高层次的计划,弄清楚程序需要做什么。暂时不要思考真正的代码,稍后再来考虑。
1.创建电话的正则表达式和创建email的正则表达式
2.匹配剪切板的文本
3.把处理好的文本复制到剪切板

现在开始写程序

#! python3
# phoneAndEmail.py - Finds phone numbers and email addresses on the clipboard.

import re, pyperclip
# 创建电话的正则表达式
phoneRegex = re.compile(r'''(
   (\d{3}|\(d{3}\))?  # 区号可选,444或(444)
   (\s|-|\.)?  # 分隔符:字符或-或. 可选
   (\d{3})  # 三个数字
   (\s|-|\.)?  # 分隔符:字符或-或. 可选
   (\d{4})  # 四个数字
   )''',re.VERBOSE)

# 创建email的正则表达式
emailRegex = re.compile(r'''(
   [a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+  # username
   @
   [a-zA-Z0-9.-]+  # domail name
   (\.[a-zA-Z]{2,4})  # dot-something
   )''',re.VERBOSE)

# 匹配剪切板的文本
text = str(pyperclip.paste())
matches = []
for groups in phoneRegex.findall(text):
   phoneNum = '-'.join([groups[1], groups[3], groups[6]])
   matches.append(phoneNum)
for groups in emailRegex.findall(text):
   matches.append(groups[0])

# 把处理好的文本复制到剪切板
if len(matches) > 0:
   pyperclip.copy('\n'.join(matches))
   print('Copied to clipboard:')
   print('\n'.join(matches))
else:
   print('No phone numbers or email addresses found.')

分析代码

re.VERBOSE是让正则表达式中可以忽略注释和空白符的一个参数。verbose表示冗杂的意思,就是可以让你添些注释,对正则更可读。
正则表达式详见:Python正则

另一个坑就是groups了,原来我没有理解groups与group的区别
group()是截取分组的意思,例子:

import re
a = "123abc456"
print re.search("([0-9]*)([a-z]*)([0-9]*)",a).group(0)   #123abc456,返回整体
print re.search("([0-9]*)([a-z]*)([0-9]*)",a).group(1)   #123
print re.search("([0-9]*)([a-z]*)([0-9]*)",a).group(2)   #abc
print re.search("([0-9]*)([a-z]*)([0-9]*)",a).group(3)   #456

groups() 返回一个包含所有小组字符串的元组,从 1 到 所含的小组号。
代码中phoneNum = '-'.join([groups[1], groups[3], groups[6]])中的groups是一个变量,别看错了。

猜你喜欢

转载自www.cnblogs.com/wudongwei/p/8992418.html