系统约定
- 安装文件下载目录：/opt/software
- Mysql目录安装位置：/usr/local/mysql
- 数据库保存位置：/data/mysql
- 日志保存位置：/data/logs/mysql
安装MySql需要的依赖包
安装MySQL之前，最好先安装MySQL需要的依赖包，不然后面会出现很多报错信息，到那时还得再回来安装MySQL的依赖包。安装命令如下：
[root@hadoop01 ~]# yum install ncurses-devel libaio-devel -y
[root@hadoop01 ~]# rpm -qa ncurses-devel libaio-devel
ncurses-devel-5.7-4.20090207.el6.x86_64
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64提示：安装后使用rpm -qa ncurses-devel libaio-devel命令检查，如果出现两行如上信息表示安装成功。
mysql 安装过程
- 下载mysql
在官网：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ 中，选择以下版本的mysql下载：
- 解压压缩包到目标目录
- 解压
[root@hadoop01 soft]$ tar zxvf mysql-5.7.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
- 修改文件名
mv mysql-5.7.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql
- 创建数据仓库目录
[root@hadoop01 mysql]$ mkdir -p /data/mysql/- 创建mysql的用户组和用户，并对mysql目录设置用户组和用户
[root@hadoop01 mysql]$ useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql mysql -d /usr/local/mysql #新建msyql用户并禁止mysql用户登陆shell
[root@hadoop01 mysql]# chown -R mysql . # 改变目录属有者为mysql
[root@hadoop01 mysql]# chgrp -R mysql .
- 初始化mysql
[root@hadoop01 mysql]#bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql # 此处需要注意记录生成的临时密码,也可以通过如下命令查看：
[root@hadoop01 mysql]# cat /root/.mysql_secret- 修改mysql配置文件
[root@hadoop01 support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@hadoop01 support-files]#cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
[root@hadoop01 mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
- 配置my.cnf,修改以下内容
[root@hadoop01 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
# 一般配置选项
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
log_error = /data/logs/mysql/error.log
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
lower_case_table_names=1
#下面是可选项，要不要都行，如果出现启动错误，则全部注释掉，保留最基本的配置选项，然后尝试添加某些配置项后启动，检测配置项是否有误
back_log = 300
max_connections = 3000
max_connect_errors = 50
table_open_cache = 4096
max_allowed_packet = 32M
#binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_heap_table_size = 128M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
sort_buffer_size = 16M
join_buffer_size = 16M
thread_cache_size = 16
query_cache_size = 128M
query_cache_limit = 4M
ft_min_word_len = 8
thread_stack = 512K
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
tmp_table_size = 128M
#log-bin=mysql-bin
long_query_time = 6
server_id=1
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G
innodb_thread_concurrency = 16
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 512M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_file_per_table = on
[mysqldump]
quick
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
max_allowed_packet = 32M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
safe-updates
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[myisamchk]
key_buffer = 16M
sort_buffer_size = 16M
read_buffer = 8M
write_buffer = 8M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysqld_safe]
open-files-limit = 8192
- 启动mysql
1、启动方式一
[root@hadoop01 mysql]# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql # 启动过程出现错误，一般是由于权限问题，用chmod赋权即可
2、 启动方式二
[root@hadoop01 support-files]# ./mysql.server start # 加入系统服务后，可以通过service mysql start启动，查看系统服务：
[hadoop@hadoop01 support-files]$ chkconfig --list - 登陆mysql
1、利用初始化密码:5ul#H6dmcwX开始登录mysql：
[root@hadoop01 bin]# ./mysql -uroot -p
2、修改mysql的root密码，新密码在此为'123456'
mysql> set password=password('123456');
3、设定远程登录mysql。在Linux下为了安全，默认是不允许mysql本机以外的机器访问mysql数据库服务，因此需要重新授权root。方便远程访问。
mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> select Host,User from user;
+-----------+-----------+
| Host | User |
+-----------+-----------+
| % | root |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root |
+-----------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
4、非必要的步骤，如果远程连不上，估计是防火墙的问题，关闭试试：
[root@hadoop01 mysql]# service iptables stop
- 添加系统路径
[root@hadoop01 mysql]# vim /etc/profile
添加：
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
[root@hadoop01 mysql]# source /etc/profile # 修改后生效- 配置mysql开机启动
[root@hadoop01 mysql]#chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql
[root@hadoop01 mysql]#chkconfig --add mysql
[root@hadoop01 mysql]#chkconfig --level 345 mysql on安装常见异常
InnoDB: The error means mysqld does not have the access rights to the directory
- 解决chmod -R 777 赋权
‘./ibdata1’ could not be found in the doublewrite buffer
Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock’
安装参考
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/linux-installation-yum-repo.html
源码方式安装可参看【CentOS7安装MYSQL5.7.7】
