1.前言
虽然官方推荐SpringBoot项目采用jar包方式发布，但是也可以打成war包发布到外部web容器（如Jetty,tomcat等）。接下来我们讨论一下，如何将一个SpringBoot项目打包成war包。
更多参考：《SpringBoot项目发布到服务器的两种方式war和jar》。
2.搭建SpringBoot项目
2.1创建SpringBoot目录
参考《Maven的约定》手工创建工程目录。当然，你绝对可以使用IDE来创建。
# 存放pom.xml和所有的子目录
~/Desktop$ mkdir FlowerShop
# 项目的java源代码
~/Desktop/FlowerShop$ mkdir -p src/main/java
# 创建包com.flower和com.flower.controller
~/Desktop/FlowerShop$ mkdir -p src/main/java/com/flower/controller
# 目录结构
~/Desktop/FlowerShop$ tree -L 6
.
└── src
└── main
└── java
└── com
└── flower
└── controller
这个目录对于我们将要演示的内容已经足够了。
2.2 初始化pom.xml
创建pom.xml
~/Desktop/FlowerShop$ touch pom.xml
pom.xml中的内容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.flower</groupId>
<artifactId>FlowerShop</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<!--指定打包类型：pom,war,jar-->
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<!--指定打包的名称:FlowerShopDemo.war或FlowerShopDemo.jar-->
<finalName>FlowerShopDemo</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2.3创建启动类
创建MainApplicationStarter.java启动类
~/Desktop/FlowerShop$ touch src/main/java/com/flower/MainApplicationStarter.java
~/Desktop/FlowerShop$ vim src/main/java/com/flower/MainApplicationStarter.java
MainApplicationStarter.java中的内容
package com.flower;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
@SpringBootApplication
public class MainApplicationStarter{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MainApplicationStarter.class, args);
}
}
2.4创建Controller
创建HomeController.java
~/Desktop/FlowerShop$ touch src/main/java/com/flower/controller/HomeController.java
~/Desktop/FlowerShop$ vim src/main/java/com/flower/controller/HomeController.java
HomeController.java中的内容
package com.flower.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class HomeController{
@GetMapping("/home")
public String getHomePage() {
return "I Love you to come to my Flower Shop!";
}
}
2.5运行测试
~/Desktop/FlowerShop$ mvn spring-boot:run
SpringBoot项目创建成功！未对项目进行调整前，打出war包部署到Jetty9，启动会报错：
~/Documents/jetty-distribution-9.4.27.v20200227/bin$ ./jetty.sh start
...
2020-04-15 11:00:30.101:WARN:oejw.WebAppContext:main: Failed startup of context o.e.j.w.WebAppContext@a859c5{FlowerShopDemo,/FlowerShopDemo,file:///tmp/jetty-0_0_0_0-8888-FlowerShopDemo_war-_FlowerShopDemo-any-8018217352624732370.dir/webapp/,UNAVAILABLE}{/home/kyun/Documents/jetty-distribution-9.4.27.v20200227/webapps/FlowerShopDemo.war}
java.util.ServiceConfigurationError: org.apache.juli.logging.Log: Provider org.eclipse.jetty.apache.jsp.JuliLog not a subtype
at java.util.ServiceLoader.fail(ServiceLoader.java:239)
at java.util.ServiceLoader.access$300(ServiceLoader.java:185)
at java.util.ServiceLoader$LazyIterator.nextService(ServiceLoader.java:376)
at java.util.ServiceLoader$LazyIterator.next(ServiceLoader.java:404)
at java.util.ServiceLoader$1.next(ServiceLoader.java:480)
at org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory.<init>(LogFactory.java:91)
at org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory.<clinit>(LogFactory.java:66)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsWebSocketContainer.<init>(WsWebSocketContainer.java:92)
...
3.调整SpringBoot工程为打war包做准备
3.1修改pom.xml
org.apache.juli.logging.Log: Provider org.eclipse.jetty.apache.jsp.JuliLog not a subtype：Jetty容器提供的JuliLog不是org.apache.juli.logging.Log的子类，这是由Jetty的加载机制造成的（直接部署到tomcat是没有这个问题的）。pom.xml作如下修改：
- spring-boot-starter-web依赖中将tomcat排除
- 引入spring-boot-starter-jetty依赖
- 注释掉 spring-boot-maven-plugin插件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.flower</groupId>
<artifactId>FlowerShop</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<!--指定打包类型pom, war, jar-->
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<!-- 移除嵌入式tomcat插件 -->
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- 引入Jetty依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<!--指定打包的名称:FlowerShopDemo.war或FlowerShopDemo.jar-->
<finalName>FlowerShopDemo</finalName>
<plugins>
<!--<plugin>-->
<!--<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>-->
<!--<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>-->
<!--</plugin>-->
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3.2修改启动类
因为我们要用外部web容器启动项目，所以启动类必须继承SpringBootServletInitializer，并重写configure方法。如果使用内嵌的web容器则不需要继承SpringBootServletInitializer。
package com.flower;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;
@SpringBootApplication
public class MainApplicationStarter extends SpringBootServletInitializer{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MainApplicationStarter.class, args);
}
@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder builder) {
// 注意这里要指向原先用main方法执行的Application启动类
return builder.sources(MainApplicationStarter.class);
}
}
4.打包war部署到Jetty9
进行打包
~/Desktop/FlowerShop$ mvn clean package
将FlowerShop/target/xxx.war包复制到Jetty的webapps目录下，重启Jetty，在浏览器输入：
成功！
注意：
SpringBoot项目官方推荐部署方式是jar包运行方式，即nohup java -jar xxx.jar &。
如果要用jar包方式部署，那么就要进行还原，但是不需要全部还原，只需添加回
spring-boot-maven-plugin插件即可：
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
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