RabbitMQ常见异常处理（踩了一路坑）

异常一：方法不匹配异常

Listener method 'no match' threw exception刷屏

2020-03-26 11:00:07.747 [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.RabbitListenerEndpointContainer#1-1] WARN  org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.ConditionalRejectingErrorHandler.log(117) - Execution of Rabbit message listener failed.
org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.exception.ListenerExecutionFailedException: Listener method 'no match' threw exception
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.invokeHandler(MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.java:204)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.onMessage(MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.java:129)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.AbstractMessageListenerContainer.doInvokeListener(AbstractMessageListenerContainer.java:1542)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.AbstractMessageListenerContainer.actualInvokeListener(AbstractMessageListenerContainer.java:1468)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.AbstractMessageListenerContainer.invokeListener(AbstractMessageListenerContainer.java:1456)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.AbstractMessageListenerContainer.doExecuteListener(AbstractMessageListenerContainer.java:1451)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.AbstractMessageListenerContainer.executeListener(AbstractMessageListenerContainer.java:1400)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer.doReceiveAndExecute(SimpleMessageListenerContainer.java:870)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer.receiveAndExecute(SimpleMessageListenerContainer.java:854)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer.access$1600(SimpleMessageListenerContainer.java:78)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer$AsyncMessageProcessingConsumer.mainLoop(SimpleMessageListenerContainer.java:1137)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer$AsyncMessageProcessingConsumer.run(SimpleMessageListenerContainer.java:1043)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: org.springframework.amqp.AmqpException: No method found for class [B
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.DelegatingInvocableHandler.getHandlerForPayload(DelegatingInvocableHandler.java:149)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.DelegatingInvocableHandler.invoke(DelegatingInvocableHandler.java:129)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.HandlerAdapter.invoke(HandlerAdapter.java:61)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.invokeHandler(MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.java:196)
	... 12 common frames omitted

先上我的代码：

@Slf4j
@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "mall.order.cancel")
public class CancelOrderReceiver {

    @Autowired
    private OmsPortalOrderService portalOrderService;

    @Resource
    private CancelOrderSender cancelOrderSender;

    @RabbitHandler
    public void handler(Long orderId){
        try {
            log.info("process orderId:{}", orderId);
            portalOrderService.cancelOrder(orderId);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(ExceptionUtils.getStackTrace(e));
            // 异常处理
            cancelOrderSender.sendFailedMessage(orderId);
        }
    }
}

为什么会出现方法未匹配呢？原因在@RabbitListener身上，当此注解放到类上时，会根据数据类型去匹配@RabbitHandler注解的方法，我的handler方法入参是Long类型，如果传入的是String类型就会报Listener method 'no match' threw exception了，找到了问题（RabbitMQ的requeue机制），下面给出解决方法：

解决方法1：

再增加一个handler(String orderId)方法，无论传入的是Long型还是String型都会得到处理，这种方式比较笨，不推荐使用

解决方法2（推荐）：

将@RabbitListener注解放到方法上，如下代码：

@Slf4j
@Component
public class CancelOrderReceiver {

    @Autowired
    private OmsPortalOrderService portalOrderService;

    @Resource
    private CancelOrderSender cancelOrderSender;

    @RabbitHandler
    @RabbitListener(queues = "mall.order.cancel")
    public void handler(Long orderId){
        try {
            log.info("process orderId:{}", orderId);
            portalOrderService.cancelOrder(orderId);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(ExceptionUtils.getStackTrace(e));
            // 异常处理
            cancelOrderSender.sendFailedMessage(orderId);
        }
    }
}

这样无论你传入的数据类型是什么，都会进入此方法，不用担心刷屏了。当然如果传入的类型不匹配，也会报错的。所以要与消费发送者约束好数据类型是非常有必要的。

解决方法3：

将rabbitmq的“requeue”配置为false。这种方式简单粗暴，但异常不好捕获，后续的异常处理难进行

异常二：监听方法内异常

Listener method '***' threw exception刷屏

2020-03-26 11:46:22.789 [org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.RabbitListenerEndpointContainer#0-1] WARN  org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.ConditionalRejectingErrorHandler.log(117) - Execution of Rabbit message listener failed.
org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.exception.ListenerExecutionFailedException: Listener method 'public void com.macro.mall.portal.component.CancelOrderReceiver.handler(java.lang.Long)' threw exception
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.invokeHandler(MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.java:204)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.onMessage(MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.java:129)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.AbstractMessageListenerContainer.doInvokeListener(AbstractMessageListenerContainer.java:1542)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.AbstractMessageListenerContainer.actualInvokeListener(AbstractMessageListenerContainer.java:1468)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.AbstractMessageListenerContainer.invokeListener(AbstractMessageListenerContainer.java:1456)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.AbstractMessageListenerContainer.doExecuteListener(AbstractMessageListenerContainer.java:1451)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.AbstractMessageListenerContainer.executeListener(AbstractMessageListenerContainer.java:1400)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer.doReceiveAndExecute(SimpleMessageListenerContainer.java:870)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer.receiveAndExecute(SimpleMessageListenerContainer.java:854)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer.access$1600(SimpleMessageListenerContainer.java:78)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer$AsyncMessageProcessingConsumer.mainLoop(SimpleMessageListenerContainer.java:1137)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer$AsyncMessageProcessingConsumer.run(SimpleMessageListenerContainer.java:1043)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: "嘿嘿嘿"
	at java.lang.NumberFormatException.forInputString(NumberFormatException.java:65)
	at java.lang.Integer.parseInt(Integer.java:580)
	at java.lang.Integer.parseInt(Integer.java:615)
	at com.macro.mall.portal.component.CancelOrderReceiver.handler(CancelOrderReceiver.java:31)
	at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor122.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.springframework.messaging.handler.invocation.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:171)
	at org.springframework.messaging.handler.invocation.InvocableHandlerMethod.invoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:120)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.HandlerAdapter.invoke(HandlerAdapter.java:50)
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.invokeHandler(MessagingMessageListenerAdapter.java:196)
	... 12 common frames omitted

看我的代码：

    @RabbitHandler
    @RabbitListener(queues = "mall.order.cancel")
    public void handler(Long orderId){
        Integer.parseInt("嘿嘿嘿"); // 演示异常使用
        try {
            log.info("process orderId:{}", orderId);
            portalOrderService.cancelOrder(orderId);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(ExceptionUtils.getStackTrace(e));
            // 异常处理
            cancelOrderSender.sendFailedMessage(orderId);
        }
    }

很明显Integer.parseInt("嘿嘿嘿")会报错，导致异常刷屏

解决方法：

将监听方法内的所有代码用try...cache包裹，并在cache中增加异常处理，如下代码：

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    @RabbitHandler
    @RabbitListener(queues = "mall.order.cancel")
    public void handler(Long orderId){
        try {
            Integer.parseInt("嘿嘿嘿"); // 演示异常使用
            log.info("process orderId:{}", orderId);
            portalOrderService.cancelOrder(orderId);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(ExceptionUtils.getStackTrace(e));
            // 异常处理
            cancelOrderSender.sendFailedMessage(orderId);
        }
    }

先写这么多吧，后续遇到问题会继续更新，如果有好的方案欢迎给我留言，共同学习共同进步