参考地址：
https://www.jianshu.com/p/853401a7d02b
https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangqie/p/7250459.html
第一步 先在 项目的Project 的 buil.gradle 里
在dependencies 里添加
classpath 'org.greenrobot:greendao-gradle-plugin:3.2.1'
第二步 在自己想要用的
GreenDao Module 里的 dependencies 里添加
compile 'org.greenrobot:greendao:3.+'
android 里 添加
greendao {
schemaVersion 1//指定数据库版本号，更新操作会用到;
daoPackage 'com.test.greendao.gen'//自动生成的dao的包名，包名默认是entity所在的包；
targetGenDir 'src/main/java'//生成数据库文件的目录
}
schemaVersion： 数据库schema版本，也可以理解为数据库版本号
daoPackage：设置DaoMaster、DaoSession、Dao包名
targetGenDir：设置DaoMaster、DaoSession、Dao目录
targetGenDirTest：设置生成单元测试目录
generateTests：设置自动生成单元测试用例
头部 添加
apply plugin: 'org.greenrobot.greendao'
第三步 创建新的实体类
/** * Created by AFa on 2016/8/23. *
/
@Entity
public class User {
@Id(autoincrement = true)
private Long id;
private String name;
private String age;
private String sex;
private String salary;
}
public class GreenApplication extends Application {
private DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper mHelper;
//private Helper mHelper;
private SQLiteDatabase db;
private DaoMaster mDaoMaster;
private DaoSession mDaoSession;
public static GreenApplication instances;
@Override public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
instances = this;
setDatabase();
}
public static GreenApplication getInstances(){
return instances;
}
/**
* 设置greenDao
*/
private void setDatabase() {
// 通过 DaoMaster 的内部类 DevOpenHelper，你可以得到一个便利的 SQLiteOpenHelper 对象。
// 可能你已经注意到了，你并不需要去编写「CREATE TABLE」这样的 SQL 语句，因为 greenDAO 已经帮你做了。
// 注意：默认的 DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper 会在数据库升级时，删除所有的表，意味着这将导致数据的丢失。
// 所以，在正式的项目中，你还应该做一层封装，来实现数据库的安全升级。
//mHelper = new Helper(new GreenDaoUtils(this));
mHelper = new DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper(this, "notes-db", null);
db = mHelper.getWritableDatabase();
// 注意：该数据库连接属于 DaoMaster，所以多个 Session 指的是相同的数据库连接。
mDaoMaster = new DaoMaster(db);
mDaoSession = mDaoMaster.newSession();
}
public DaoSession getDaoSession() {
return mDaoSession;
}
public SQLiteDatabase getDb() {
return db;
}
}
MainActivity中
UserDao userDao= GreenApplication.getInstances().getDaoSession().getUserDao();
结果插入数据时，报如下错误：
android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConstraintException: UNIQUE constraint failed: PERSON._id (code 1555)
说是主键必须是唯一的，主键不是自增的吗？怎么会不唯一呢？原来原因是主键自增类型必须是Long(注意是大写的L)，而不是小子的long类型。修改后再运行，ok了。
版本升级更新
比如需要在实体类加一个字段 或者 改变字段属性等 就需要版本更新来保存以前的数据了；
1：需要一个MigrationHelper.java类一位大神写的 直接拿来用即可
package fateat.xinkong.com.greendaotest.util.dao;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import org.greenrobot.greendao.AbstractDao;
import org.greenrobot.greendao.database.Database;
import org.greenrobot.greendao.database.StandardDatabase;
import org.greenrobot.greendao.internal.DaoConfig;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Createdby PedroOkawa and modified by MBH on 16/08/16.
*/
public final class MigrationHelper {
private static MigrationHelper instance;
public static MigrationHelper getInstance() {
if(instance == null) {
instance = new MigrationHelper();
}
return instance;
}
public static void migrate(SQLiteDatabase sqliteDatabase, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
StandardDatabase db = new StandardDatabase(sqliteDatabase);
generateNewTablesIfNotExists(db, daoClasses);
generateTempTables(db, daoClasses);
dropAllTables(db, true, daoClasses);
createAllTables(db, false, daoClasses);
restoreData(db, daoClasses);
}
public static void migrate(StandardDatabase db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
generateNewTablesIfNotExists(db, daoClasses);
generateTempTables(db, daoClasses);
dropAllTables(db, true, daoClasses);
createAllTables(db, false, daoClasses);
restoreData(db, daoClasses);
}
private static void generateNewTablesIfNotExists(StandardDatabase db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
reflectMethod(db, "createTable", true, daoClasses);
}
private static void generateTempTables(StandardDatabase db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
for (int i = 0; i < daoClasses.length; i++) {
DaoConfig daoConfig = new DaoConfig(db, daoClasses[i]);
String tableName = daoConfig.tablename;
String tempTableName = daoConfig.tablename.concat("_TEMP");
StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
insertTableStringBuilder.append("CREATE TEMP TABLE ").append(tempTableName);
insertTableStringBuilder.append(" AS SELECT * FROM ").append(tableName).append(";");
db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
}
}
private static void dropAllTables(StandardDatabase db, boolean ifExists, @NonNull Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
reflectMethod(db, "dropTable", ifExists, daoClasses);
}
private static void createAllTables(StandardDatabase db, boolean ifNotExists, @NonNull Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
reflectMethod(db, "createTable", ifNotExists, daoClasses);
}
/**
* dao class already define the sql exec method, so just invoke it
*/
private static void reflectMethod(StandardDatabase db, String methodName, boolean isExists, @NonNull Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
if (daoClasses.length < 1) {
return;
}
try {
for (Class cls : daoClasses) {
Method method = cls.getDeclaredMethod(methodName, Database.class, boolean.class);
method.invoke(null, db, isExists);
}
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static void restoreData(StandardDatabase db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
for (int i = 0; i < daoClasses.length; i++) {
DaoConfig daoConfig = new DaoConfig(db, daoClasses[i]);
String tableName = daoConfig.tablename;
String tempTableName = daoConfig.tablename.concat("_TEMP");
// get all columns from tempTable, take careful to use the columns list
List<String> columns = getColumns(db, tempTableName);
ArrayList<String> properties = new ArrayList<>(columns.size());
for (int j = 0; j < daoConfig.properties.length; j++) {
String columnName = daoConfig.properties[j].columnName;
if (columns.contains(columnName)) {
properties.add(columnName);
}
}
if (properties.size() > 0) {
final String columnSQL = TextUtils.join(",", properties);
StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
insertTableStringBuilder.append("INSERT INTO ").append(tableName).append(" (");
insertTableStringBuilder.append(columnSQL);
insertTableStringBuilder.append(") SELECT ");
insertTableStringBuilder.append(columnSQL);
insertTableStringBuilder.append(" FROM ").append(tempTableName).append(";");
db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
}
StringBuilder dropTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
dropTableStringBuilder.append("DROP TABLE ").append(tempTableName);
db.execSQL(dropTableStringBuilder.toString());
}
}
private static List<String> getColumns(StandardDatabase db, String tableName) {
List<String> columns = null;
Cursor cursor = null;
try {
cursor = db.rawQuery("SELECT * FROM " + tableName + " limit 0", null);
if (null != cursor && cursor.getColumnCount() > 0) {
columns = Arrays.asList(cursor.getColumnNames());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (cursor != null)
cursor.close();
if (null == columns)
columns = new ArrayList<>();
}
return columns;
}
}
2：接下来就是我们 GreenApplication 类里的 Helper类了
public class Helper extends DaoMaster.OpenHelper{
private static DaoMaster daoMaster;
private static DaoSession daoSession;
public static final String DBNAME = "greendao.db";
public Helper(Context context){
super(context,DBNAME,null);
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(Database db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
super.onUpgrade(db, oldVersion, newVersion);
Log.i("version", oldVersion + "---先前和更新之后的版本---" + newVersion);
if (oldVersion < newVersion) {
Log.i("version", oldVersion + "---先前和更新之后的版本---" + newVersion);
MigrationHelper.getInstance().migrate(db, UserDao.class);
//更改过的实体类(新增的不用加) 更新UserDao文件 可以添加多个 XXDao.class 文件
// MigrationHelper.getInstance().migrate(db, UserDao.class,XXDao.class);
}
}
/**
* 取得DaoMaster
*
* @param context
* @return
*/
public static DaoMaster getDaoMaster(Context context) {
if (daoMaster == null) {
DaoMaster.OpenHelper helper = new DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper(context,
DBNAME, null);
daoMaster = new DaoMaster(helper.getWritableDatabase());
}
return daoMaster;
}
/**
* 取得DaoSession
*
* @param context
* @return
*/
public static DaoSession getDaoSession(Context context) {
if (daoSession == null) {
if (daoMaster == null) {
daoMaster = getDaoMaster(context);
}
daoSession = daoMaster.newSession();
}
return daoSession;
}
}
完成相关操作之后；还要改数据库版本
greendao {
schemaVersion 2//改版本号为2
daoPackage 'com.zhangqie.greendao.gen'；
targetGenDir 'src/main/java'
}
编译运行，可以去实体类和UserDao查看 增加的字段相关信息自动生成完成；