QT之俄罗斯方块源码tetrix

计划QT的学习路线如下：

一、QT Creator快速入门、Qt及Qt Quick开发实战精解

二、精通Qt4编程

三、C++ GUI Qt4 编程 （第二版）

四、Qt高级编程

五、C++设计模式--基于Qt4开源跨平台开发框架

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这几天在看qt图形动画基础知识，俄罗斯方块刚好用到了这块知识，也算尝试一下源码分析怎么写吧，进入正题：

一、程序流程图（听领导的话并去实践--多用流程图，毕竟他比你厉害^_^）

visio画的图，可以直接粘贴，csdn老牛了啊^_^

二、源码

1、TetrixWindow类，主要完成界面的初始化和开始、暂停、退出按钮事件的响应，分数、等级的变化显示绑定。

1.1、QGridLayout这个牛

    QGridLayout *layout = new QGridLayout;
    layout->addWidget(createLabel(tr("NEXT")), 0, 0);
    layout->addWidget(nextPieceLabel, 1, 0);
    layout->addWidget(createLabel(tr("LEVEL")), 2, 0);
    layout->addWidget(levelLcd, 3, 0);
    layout->addWidget(startButton, 4, 0);
    layout->addWidget(board, 0, 1, 6, 1);
    layout->addWidget(createLabel(tr("SCORE")), 0, 2);
    layout->addWidget(scoreLcd, 1, 2);
    layout->addWidget(createLabel(tr("LINES REMOVED")), 2, 2);
    layout->addWidget(linesLcd, 3, 2);
    layout->addWidget(quitButton, 4, 2);
    layout->addWidget(pauseButton, 5, 2);
    setLayout(layout);

1.2、事件绑定，我觉得qt真的方便

//! [3] //! [4]

    connect(startButton, &QPushButton::clicked, board, &TetrixBoard::start);
//! [4] //! [5]
    connect(quitButton , &QPushButton::clicked, qApp, &QCoreApplication::quit);
    connect(pauseButton, &QPushButton::clicked, board, &TetrixBoard::pause);
#if __cplusplus >= 201402L
    connect(board, &TetrixBoard::scoreChanged,
            scoreLcd, qOverload<int>(&QLCDNumber::display));
    connect(board, &TetrixBoard::levelChanged,
            levelLcd, qOverload<int>(&QLCDNumber::display));
    connect(board, &TetrixBoard::linesRemovedChanged,
            linesLcd, qOverload<int>(&QLCDNumber::display));
#else
    connect(board, &TetrixBoard::scoreChanged,
            scoreLcd, QOverload<int>::of(&QLCDNumber::display));
    connect(board, &TetrixBoard::levelChanged,
            levelLcd, QOverload<int>::of(&QLCDNumber::display));
    connect(board, &TetrixBoard::linesRemovedChanged,
            linesLcd, QOverload<int>::of(&QLCDNumber::display));
#endif

2、TetrixPiece类，方块类，主要实现生成随机形状、方块的顺时针和逆时针旋转

核心为static constexpr int coordsTable[8][4][2]

3、TetrixBoard类，逻辑控制和绘制都在这个类里了

drawSquare(QPainter &painter, int x, int y, TetrixShape shape)//方块绘制

核心的三个事件：timerEvent、keyPressEvent、paintEvent。

核心代码：

/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2016 The Qt Company Ltd.
** Contact: https://www.qt.io/licensing/
**
** This file is part of the examples of the Qt Toolkit.
**
****************************************************************************/

#include "tetrixboard.h"

#include <QKeyEvent>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QPainter>

//! [0]
TetrixBoard::TetrixBoard(QWidget *parent)
    : QFrame(parent), isStarted(false), isPaused(false)
{
    setFrameStyle(QFrame::Panel | QFrame::Sunken);
    setFocusPolicy(Qt::StrongFocus);
    clearBoard();

    nextPiece.setRandomShape();
}
//! [0]

//! [1]
void TetrixBoard::setNextPieceLabel(QLabel *label)
{
    nextPieceLabel = label;
}
//! [1]

//! [2]
QSize TetrixBoard::sizeHint() const
{
    return QSize(BoardWidth * 15 + frameWidth() * 2,
                 BoardHeight * 15 + frameWidth() * 2);
}

QSize TetrixBoard::minimumSizeHint() const
//! [2] //! [3]
{
    return QSize(BoardWidth * 5 + frameWidth() * 2,
                 BoardHeight * 5 + frameWidth() * 2);
}
//! [3]

//! [4]
void TetrixBoard::start()
{
    if (isPaused)
        return;

    isStarted = true;
    isWaitingAfterLine = false;
    numLinesRemoved = 0;
    numPiecesDropped = 0;
    score = 0;
    level = 1;
    clearBoard();

    emit linesRemovedChanged(numLinesRemoved);
    emit scoreChanged(score);
    emit levelChanged(level);

    newPiece();
    timer.start(timeoutTime(), this);
}
//! [4]

//! [5]
void TetrixBoard::pause()
{
    if (!isStarted)
        return;

    isPaused = !isPaused;
    if (isPaused) {
        timer.stop();
    } else {
        timer.start(timeoutTime(), this);
    }
    update();
//! [5] //! [6]
}
//! [6]

//! [7]
void TetrixBoard::paintEvent(QPaintEvent *event)
{
    QFrame::paintEvent(event);

    QPainter painter(this);
    QRect rect = contentsRect();
//! [7]

    if (isPaused) {
        painter.drawText(rect, Qt::AlignCenter, tr("Pause"));
        return;
    }

//! [8]
    int boardTop = rect.bottom() - BoardHeight*squareHeight();

    for (int i = 0; i < BoardHeight; ++i) {
        for (int j = 0; j < BoardWidth; ++j) {
            TetrixShape shape = shapeAt(j, BoardHeight - i - 1);
            if (shape != NoShape)
                drawSquare(painter, rect.left() + j * squareWidth(),
                           boardTop + i * squareHeight(), shape);
        }
//! [8] //! [9]
    }
//! [9]

//! [10]
    if (curPiece.shape() != NoShape) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
            int x = curX + curPiece.x(i);
            int y = curY - curPiece.y(i);
            drawSquare(painter, rect.left() + x * squareWidth(),
                       boardTop + (BoardHeight - y - 1) * squareHeight(),
                       curPiece.shape());
        }
//! [10] //! [11]
    }
//! [11] //! [12]
}
//! [12]

//! [13]
void TetrixBoard::keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent *event)
{
    if (!isStarted || isPaused || curPiece.shape() == NoShape) {
        QFrame::keyPressEvent(event);
        return;
    }
//! [13]

//! [14]
    switch (event->key()) {
    case Qt::Key_Left:
        tryMove(curPiece, curX - 1, curY);
        break;
    case Qt::Key_Right:
        tryMove(curPiece, curX + 1, curY);
        break;
    case Qt::Key_Down:
        tryMove(curPiece.rotatedRight(), curX, curY);
        break;
    case Qt::Key_Up:
        tryMove(curPiece.rotatedLeft(), curX, curY);
        break;
    case Qt::Key_Space:
        dropDown();
        break;
    case Qt::Key_D:
        oneLineDown();
        break;
    default:
        QFrame::keyPressEvent(event);
    }
//! [14]
}

//! [15]
void TetrixBoard::timerEvent(QTimerEvent *event)
{
    if (event->timerId() == timer.timerId()) {
        if (isWaitingAfterLine) {
            isWaitingAfterLine = false;
            newPiece();
            timer.start(timeoutTime(), this);
        } else {
            oneLineDown();
        }
    } else {
        QFrame::timerEvent(event);
//! [15] //! [16]
    }
//! [16] //! [17]
}
//! [17]

//! [18]
void TetrixBoard::clearBoard()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < BoardHeight * BoardWidth; ++i)
        board[i] = NoShape;
}
//! [18]

//! [19]
void TetrixBoard::dropDown()
{
    int dropHeight = 0;
    int newY = curY;
    while (newY > 0) {
        if (!tryMove(curPiece, curX, newY - 1))
            break;
        --newY;
        ++dropHeight;
    }
    pieceDropped(dropHeight);
//! [19] //! [20]
}
//! [20]

//! [21]
void TetrixBoard::oneLineDown()
{
    if (!tryMove(curPiece, curX, curY - 1))
        pieceDropped(0);
}
//! [21]

//! [22]
void TetrixBoard::pieceDropped(int dropHeight)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
        int x = curX + curPiece.x(i);
        int y = curY - curPiece.y(i);
        shapeAt(x, y) = curPiece.shape();
    }

    ++numPiecesDropped;
    if (numPiecesDropped % 25 == 0) {
        ++level;
        timer.start(timeoutTime(), this);
        emit levelChanged(level);
    }

    score += dropHeight + 7;
    emit scoreChanged(score);
    removeFullLines();

    if (!isWaitingAfterLine)
        newPiece();
//! [22] //! [23]
}
//! [23]

//! [24]
void TetrixBoard::removeFullLines()
{
    int numFullLines = 0;

    for (int i = BoardHeight - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
        bool lineIsFull = true;

        for (int j = 0; j < BoardWidth; ++j) {
            if (shapeAt(j, i) == NoShape) {
                lineIsFull = false;
                break;
            }
        }

        if (lineIsFull) {
//! [24] //! [25]
            ++numFullLines;
            for (int k = i; k < BoardHeight - 1; ++k) {
                for (int j = 0; j < BoardWidth; ++j)
                    shapeAt(j, k) = shapeAt(j, k + 1);
            }
//! [25] //! [26]
            for (int j = 0; j < BoardWidth; ++j)
                shapeAt(j, BoardHeight - 1) = NoShape;
        }
//! [26] //! [27]
    }
//! [27]

//! [28]
    if (numFullLines > 0) {
        numLinesRemoved += numFullLines;
        score += 10 * numFullLines;
        emit linesRemovedChanged(numLinesRemoved);
        emit scoreChanged(score);

        timer.start(500, this);
        isWaitingAfterLine = true;
        curPiece.setShape(NoShape);
        update();
    }
//! [28] //! [29]
}
//! [29]

//! [30]
void TetrixBoard::newPiece()
{
    curPiece = nextPiece;
    nextPiece.setRandomShape();
    showNextPiece();
    curX = BoardWidth / 2 + 1;
    curY = BoardHeight - 1 + curPiece.minY();

    if (!tryMove(curPiece, curX, curY)) {
        curPiece.setShape(NoShape);
        timer.stop();
        isStarted = false;
    }
//! [30] //! [31]
}
//! [31]

//! [32]
void TetrixBoard::showNextPiece()
{
    if (!nextPieceLabel)
        return;

    int dx = nextPiece.maxX() - nextPiece.minX() + 1;
    int dy = nextPiece.maxY() - nextPiece.minY() + 1;

    QPixmap pixmap(dx * squareWidth(), dy * squareHeight());
    QPainter painter(&pixmap);
    painter.fillRect(pixmap.rect(), nextPieceLabel->palette().window());

    for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
        int x = nextPiece.x(i) - nextPiece.minX();
        int y = nextPiece.y(i) - nextPiece.minY();
        drawSquare(painter, x * squareWidth(), y * squareHeight(),
                   nextPiece.shape());
    }
    nextPieceLabel->setPixmap(pixmap);
//! [32] //! [33]
}
//! [33]

//! [34]
bool TetrixBoard::tryMove(const TetrixPiece &newPiece, int newX, int newY)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
        int x = newX + newPiece.x(i);
        int y = newY - newPiece.y(i);
        if (x < 0 || x >= BoardWidth || y < 0 || y >= BoardHeight)
            return false;
        if (shapeAt(x, y) != NoShape)
            return false;
    }
//! [34]

//! [35]
    curPiece = newPiece;
    curX = newX;
    curY = newY;
    update();
    return true;
}
//! [35]

//! [36]
void TetrixBoard::drawSquare(QPainter &painter, int x, int y, TetrixShape shape)
{
    static constexpr QRgb colorTable[8] = {
        0x000000, 0xCC6666, 0x66CC66, 0x6666CC,
        0xCCCC66, 0xCC66CC, 0x66CCCC, 0xDAAA00
    };

    QColor color = colorTable[int(shape)];
    painter.fillRect(x + 1, y + 1, squareWidth() - 2, squareHeight() - 2,
                     color);

    painter.setPen(color.lighter());
    painter.drawLine(x, y + squareHeight() - 1, x, y);
    painter.drawLine(x, y, x + squareWidth() - 1, y);

    painter.setPen(color.darker());
    painter.drawLine(x + 1, y + squareHeight() - 1,
                     x + squareWidth() - 1, y + squareHeight() - 1);
    painter.drawLine(x + squareWidth() - 1, y + squareHeight() - 1,
                     x + squareWidth() - 1, y + 1);
}
//! [36]