比较2个时刻日期字串的时间差
一、背景
有时需要比较2个时刻日期字串的时间差
'2009-02-28 00:00:04'
'2010-03-01 01:02:03'
时间差为
1年0个月6天 1个小时1分钟59秒
二、分析
采用python，
编写比较函数：gap_start2end('2009-02-28 00:00:04','2010-03-01 01:02:03')
返回时间差的组合表示数：((1, 0, 6), (1, 1, 59))
三、封装好的函数方法
import time
import datetime
import math
# 一、相同日期格式的时间距离
def date2obj(date_str='2015-04-07 19:11:21', format='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'):
'''
日期字串 转 日期对象
:param date_str:日期字串
:param format:日期字串格式
:return:日期对象
d_obj.year 输出 2015
d_obj.month 输出 4
d_obj.day 输出 7
'''
t_str = date_str
d_obj = datetime.datetime.strptime(t_str, format)
return d_obj
# 1、s秒时间间隔
def time_seconds_span(start_date1, end_date2, fomart1='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', fomart2='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'):
d1_obj = date2obj(start_date1, fomart1)
d2_obj = date2obj(end_date2, fomart2)
return (d2_obj - d1_obj).seconds
# 2、min分钟时间间隔
def time_minutes_span(start_date1, end_date2, fomart1='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', fomart2='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'):
d1_obj = date2obj(start_date1, fomart1)
d2_obj = date2obj(end_date2, fomart2)
seconds_span = (d2_obj - d1_obj).seconds
# 向下取整
mins_span = math.floor(seconds_span / 60)
return mins_span
# 3、h小时时间间隔
def time_hours_span(start_date1, end_date2, fomart1='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', fomart2='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'):
d1_obj = date2obj(start_date1, fomart1)
d2_obj = date2obj(end_date2, fomart2)
seconds_span = (d2_obj - d1_obj).seconds
# 向下取整
hours_span = math.floor(seconds_span / (60 * 60))
return hours_span
# 4、d天数时间间隔。无论是否带有h、min、s，计算时，会忽略h、min、s，只计算天数、月数和年数。
def date_days_span(start_date1, end_date2, fomart1='%Y-%m-%d', fomart2='%Y-%m-%d'):
d1_obj = date2obj(start_date1, fomart1)
d2_obj = date2obj(end_date2, fomart2)
# 只取天数差值。等同于向下取整。
days_span = (d2_obj - d1_obj).days
return days_span
# 5、month月数时间间隔。无论是否带有h、min、s，计算时，会忽略h、min、s，只计算天数、月数和年数。
def date_months_span(start_date1, end_date2, fomart1='%Y-%m-%d', fomart2='%Y-%m-%d'):
d1_obj = date2obj(start_date1, fomart1)
d2_obj = date2obj(end_date2, fomart2)
# 向下取整。只取天数。
days_span = (d2_obj - d1_obj).days
months_span = math.floor(days_span / 30)
return months_span
# 6、year年数时间间隔。无论是否带有h、min、s，计算时，会忽略h、min、s，只计算天数、月数和年数。
def date_years_span(start_date1, end_date2, fomart1='%Y-%m-%d', fomart2='%Y-%m-%d'):
d1_obj = date2obj(start_date1, fomart1)
d2_obj = date2obj(end_date2, fomart2)
# 向下取整。只取天数。
days_span = (d2_obj - d1_obj).days
years_span = math.floor(days_span / (12 * 30))
return years_span
def gap_start2end(start_str, end_str, start_fomart='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', end_fomart='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'):
'''
比较两个时刻的时间差
:param start_str: 起始时刻日期字串
:param end_str: 截止时刻日期字串
:param start_fomart: 起始时刻日期字串读取格式
:param end_fomart: 截止时刻日期字串读取格式
:return: 时刻差值组合数的数组((y, m, d), (h, min, sec))
# 举例说明：
'2009-02-28 00:00:04' ,
'2010-03-01 01:02:03'
输出((1, 0, 6), (1, 1, 59))
含义为：时间间隔1年0个月6天，1小时1分钟59秒
# 时间回推说明：
# sum_days = y * 30 * 12 + m * 30 + d
# sum_seconds = sum_days * 24 * 60 * 60 + h * 60 * 60 + min * 60 + sec
'''
# 年数差
years_gap = date_years_span(start_str, end_str, start_fomart, end_fomart)
# 月数差
months_gap = date_months_span(start_str, end_str, start_fomart, end_fomart)
# 天数差
days_gap = date_days_span(start_str, end_str, start_fomart, end_fomart)
# 取出日期的组合表示数
y = years_gap
m = months_gap % 12
d = days_gap % 30
# 小时数差
hours_gap = time_hours_span(start_str, end_str, start_fomart, end_fomart)
# 分钟数差
mins_gap = time_minutes_span(start_str, end_str, start_fomart, end_fomart)
# 秒数差
seconds_gap = time_seconds_span(start_str, end_str, start_fomart, end_fomart)
# 取出时间的组合表示数
h = hours_gap
min = mins_gap % 60
sec = seconds_gap % 60
return ((y, m, d), (h, min, sec))
if __name__ == '__main__':
# # 1、计算秒差。
# start_date1 = '2015-04-07 00:00:00'
# end_date1 = '2015-04-08 00:01:01'
# seconds_span = time_seconds_span(start_date1, end_date1)
# print(seconds_span)
#
# # 2、计算分钟差。向下取整
# start_date2 = '2015-04-07 00:00:00'
# end_date2 = '2015-04-07 00:01:01'
# mins_span = time_minutes_span(start_date2, end_date2)
# print(mins_span)
#
# # 3、计算小时差。向下取整
# start_date3 = '2015-04-07 00:00:00'
# end_date3 = '2015-04-07 02:01:00'
# hours_span = time_hours_span(start_date3, end_date3)
# print(hours_span)
#
# # 4、计算天数差。向下取整
# start_date4 = '2015-04-07'
# end_date4 = '2015-04-15'
# days_span = date_days_span(start_date4, end_date4)
# print(days_span)
#
# # 5、计算月数差。向下取整
# start_date5 = '2015-04-02'
# end_date5 = '2015-05-03'
# months_span = date_months_span(start_date5, end_date5)
# print(months_span)
#
# # 6、计算年数差。向下取整
# start_date6 = '2015-04-02'
# end_date6 = '2017-05-03'
# years_span = date_years_span(start_date6, end_date6)
# print(years_span)
# 一、相同日期格式的时间距离
start_date = '2009-02-28 00:00:04'
end_date = '2010-03-01 01:02:03'
cha = gap_start2end(start_date, end_date)
print(cha)