验证码校验小案例

验证码校验小案例

作者:钟华

需求

  1. 使用graphics创建图片;

  2. 在图片上随机生成四位数的验证码,包含英文字母和数字;

  3. 从键盘获取用户输入的信息;

  4. 实现页面跳转:

    1. 用户输入信息 = 随机产生信息 -->输出true
    2. 用户输入信息 != 随机产生信息 -->输出false
  5. 以web程序为开发目标

开发步骤

  1. 创建工程:new project

  2. 导包:jstl-1.2.jar 和 standard-1.1.2.jar

  3. 在WebContent里面新建servlet文件并命名为ImageServlet.java

    ImageServlet.java文件代码如下:

package com.jy.loginAndReg;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class ImageServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/ImageServlet")
public class ImageServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public ImageServlet() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		//1.创建BufferedImage对象
		BufferedImage bImage = new BufferedImage(68, 22, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		//2.生成graphics对象:
		Graphics graphics = bImage.getGraphics();
		
		Color color = new Color(255,211,240);
		graphics.setColor(color);
		graphics.fillRect(0, 0, 68, 22);
		
		//3.通过random产生验证信息并使用graphics创建图片
		char[] ch = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789".toCharArray();
		Random r = new Random();
		int len = ch.length ,index;
		String str = "";
		
		for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
			index = r.nextInt(len);
			graphics.setColor(new Color(r.nextInt(225),r.nextInt(225),r.nextInt(225)));
			graphics.drawString(ch[index]+"",(i*15)+5 ,16 );
			str += ch[index];
		}
		//4.将验证码信息保存在session中
		request.getSession().setAttribute("code", str);
		
		//5.使用ImageIO输出图片
		ImageIO.write(bImage,"JPG",response.getOutputStream());
		
	}

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

代码详解:

利用request.getSession().setAttribute方法将验证码信息保存在session域中。

  1. 在WebContent里面新建jsp文件并命名为code.jsp

code.jsp文件代码如下:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>验证码</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
	function change(image){
		image.src="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/ImageServlet?time="+new Date().getTime(); 
	} //路径不变则无法实现onclick事件,所以加当前时间这个参数使其改变
</script>
</head>
<body>
	<form method="get" action="codeTest.jsp">
		<input name="yzCode" type="text" size=6 />
		<img src="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/ImageServlet" title="看不清,换一张"  
		οnclick="change(this);" style="cursor:pointer">
		//request.getContextPath()方法输出该工程的地址
		<input type="submit" value="确定">
	</form>
</body>
</html>

代码详解:

使用new Date().getTime();方法获取当前时间;

路径不变则无法实现onclick事件,所以需要添加参数使其改变

request.getContextPath()方法输出该工程的地址

  1. 在WebContent里面新建jsp文件并命名为codeTest.jsp

codeTest.jsp文件代码如下:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>验证码校验</title>
</head>
<body>
	<%
		String code = (String)session.getAttribute("code");
		String yzCode = request.getParameter("yzCode");
		
		if(yzCode.toUpperCase().equals(code)){
			out.println(true);
		}else{
			out.println(false);
		}
	%><br>
	<%=code %><br>
	<%=yzCode %>
</body>
</html>

代码详解

利用.toUpperCase()方法将用户输入字母格式转成大写。

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