Elasticsearch5.5 安装与配置

官方文档： https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.5/index.html

一、Elastic基本功能

Elasticsearch 是一个实时分布式搜索和分析引擎，一般用于全文搜索、结构化搜索，分析或者三者混用。

它的底层是基于Apache Lucene（TM）的开源搜索引擎，但是lucene只是一个库，需要java开发然后集成到应用。

Elasticsearch的特性描述：

分布式实时文件存储，每个字段都能被索引并且可以被搜索

分布式的实时分析搜索引擎

可以扩展到上百台服务器，处理PB级结构化或者非结构化数据

二、Elastic安装准备

系统准备：

CentOS 7.2

jdk8

elasticsearch 5.5

1.首先需要java环境，需要安装jdk8，下载对应的tar包

官网链接： http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

[root@master local]# ls

bin jdk-8u152-linux-x64.tar.gz lib share etc lib64 mysql src games libexec qcloud include

[root@master local]# pwd

/usr/local

[root@master local]# tar zxvf jdk-8u152-linux-x64.tar.gz

#解压完成后，配置JAVA_HOME的环境变量

[root@master ~]# vim /etc/profile

#我一般是习惯放在文件最后

#===============JAVA_HOME======================

#这些环境变量配置的就是刚刚tar包解压之后的目录下

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_152

export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

"/etc/profile" 83L, 1972C written

[root@master ~]# source /etc/profile

#查看一下版本是否正确

[root@master ~]# java -version

java version "1.8.0_152"

Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_152-b16)

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.152-b16, mixed mode)

=================================================

到目前为止，jdk8安装完毕

2.安装elastic 下载解压即可

[root@master ~]# wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-5.5.1.zip

--2018-03-27 11:29:36-- https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-5.5.1.zip

Resolving artifacts.elastic.co (artifacts.elastic.co)... 184.73.245.233, 184.73.156.41, 54.235.82.130, ...

Connecting to artifacts.elastic.co (artifacts.elastic.co)|184.73.245.233|:443... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 33511694 (32M) [application/zip]

Saving to: ‘elasticsearch-5.5.1.zip’

100%[===============================================================================>] 33,511,694 2.14MB/s in 36s

2018-03-27 11:30:15 (900 KB/s) - ‘elasticsearch-5.5.1.zip’ saved [33511694/33511694]

[root@master ~]# ls

all.sql anaconda-ks.cfg elasticsearch-5.5.1.zip MHA-Manager.qcow2 zhou

[root@master ~]# mv elasticsearch-5.5.1.zip /usr/local/

[root@master ~]# cd /usr/local/

[root@master local]# ls | egrep ela

elasticsearch-5.5.1.zip

[root@master local]# unzip elasticsearch-5.5.1.zip

[root@master local]# cd elasticsearch-5.5.1/

#=======================================================

#启动过程中出现的错误：

1》errno12 虚拟机内存不足

[root@master elasticsearch-5.5.1]# ./bin/elasticsearch

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: INFO: os::commit_memory(0x0000000085330000, 2060255232, 0) failed; error='Cannot allocate memory' (errno=12)

# There is insufficient memory for the Java Runtime Environment to continue.

# Native memory allocation (mmap) failed to map 2060255232 bytes for committing reserved memory.

# An error report file with more information is saved as:

# /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.5.1/hs_err_pid21903.log

[root@master elasticsearch-5.5.1]# sysctl -w vm.max_map_count=262144

vm.max_map_count = 262144

#解决办法：

由于默认配置是2G内存，虚拟机内存不够，可以更改为1G

[root@master elasticsearch-5.5.1]# cd config/

[root@master config]# ls

elasticsearch.yml jvm.options log4j2.properties

[root@master config]# pwd

/usr/local/elasticsearch-5.5.1/config

可以先free -m查看一下剩余的内存，再设置elastic的内存值

[root@master config]# vim jvm.options

-Xms1g

-Xmx1g

"jvm.options" 111L, 3064C

2》不能用root运行elastic java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root

解决方案：新建一个用户elauser，并且将elasticsearch的目录属性全部更改成elauser

（如若目录夹属性未更改，有可能会出现如下错误）

#############################################

3》elasticsearch解压后的目录夹属性需要一起更改

main ERROR Could not register mbeans java.security.AccessControlException: access denied ("javax.management.MBeanTrustPermission" "register")

解决方案：

[root@ELK local]# chown -R elauser:elauser ./elasticsearch-5.5.1

[elauser@ELK local]$ ll | egrep elasticsearch-5.5.1

drwxr-xr-x 7 elauser elauser 4096 Apr 10 15:20 elasticsearch-5.5.1

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 33511694 Jul 25 2017 elasticsearch-5.5.1.zip

###############################################

切换到elauser，将java环境变量写在~/.bash_profile，如下所示（或者直接在最开始配置环境变量的时候，写在/etc/profile 这样所有的用户都能使用了）

[elauser@master bin]$ vim ~/.bash_profile

#===============JAVA_HOME======================

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_152

export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

#export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

#================================================

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin

export PATH

"~/.bash_profile" 17L, 447C written

新开一个窗口

[elauser@master root]$ java -version

java version "1.8.0_152"

Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_152-b16)

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.152-b16, mixed mode)

[elauser@master root]$ cd /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.5.1/bin/

[elauser@master bin]$ ./elasticsearch

[2018-03-27T14:04:55,441][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [] initializing ...

[2018-03-27T14:04:55,639][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment ] [BJ7MQFi] using [1] data paths, mounts [[/ (rootfs)]], net usable_space [38.7gb], net total_space [49gb], spins? [unknown], types [rootfs]

#====================================================================

以上错误是参考该网址：https:// blog.csdn.net/qq_21387171/article/details/53577115

似乎启动成功了。

#打开另外一个终端，测试一下

[root@master local]# curl ' http://localhost:9200/?pretty';

{

"name" : "BJ7MQFi",

"cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",

"cluster_uuid" : "p6zkUDhtR26SDfiCKCu5Zg",

"version" : {

"number" : "5.5.1",

"build_hash" : "19c13d0",

"build_date" : "2017-07-18T20:44:24.823Z",

"build_snapshot" : false,

"lucene_version" : "6.6.0"

"tagline" : "You Know, for Search"

}

#默认情况下elastic只能本地访问，如需远程访问，则需要修改其配置文件elasticsearch.yml

[elauser@master config]$ pwd

/usr/local/elasticsearch-5.5.1/config

[elauser@master config]$ ls

elasticsearch.yml jvm.options log4j2.properties scripts

[elauser@master config]$ vim elasticsearch.yml

[elauser@master config]$ egrep 'network' elasticsearch.yml

#network.host: 192.168.0.1

network.host: 0.0.0.0

# For more information, consult the network module documentation.

#关闭elastic：

1.可以直接在启动页面Ctrl-C

2.调用shutdown API来关闭

curl -XPOST ' http://localhost:9200/_shutdown' 然而执行失败了，发现shutdown这个api被去掉了。

3.简单粗暴的话，不如杀进程

ps -ef | grep elastic；然后找到进程号，kill -9 进程号

4.网上有介绍head插件，点击动作关停即可

3.配置elasticsearch

######################## 去掉不必要的注释 ###############################################

[elauser@ELK config]$ pwd

/usr/local/elasticsearch-5.5.1/config

[elauser@ELK config]$ cat elasticsearch.yml

# ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration =========================

# ---------------------------------- Cluster -----------------------------------

# Use a descriptive name for your cluster: 给集群定义一个name

cluster.name: demon

# ------------------------------------ Node ------------------------------------

# Use a descriptive name for the node: 给节点定义一个name

#node.name: node-1

node.name: elk-1

# ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------

# Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma): 数据目录夹

#path.data: /path/to/data

path.data: /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.5.1/data

# Path to log files: 日志目录夹

path.logs: /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.5.1/logs

# ----------------------------------- Memory -----------------------------------

# Lock the memory on startup: 开启时锁定内存

bootstrap.memory_lock: true

# ---------------------------------- Network -----------------------------------

# Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6): 绑定ip

network.host: 0.0.0.0

# Set a custom port for HTTP: 设定端口

http.port: 9200

#================= add =================== 这里切记注意冒号后面有空格

http.cors.enabled: true

http.cors.allow-origin: "*"

#=========================================

##################################################################################

出现报错[ERROR][o.e.b.Bootstrap ] [elk-1] node validation exception

[1] bootstrap checks failed

[1]: memory locking requested for elasticsearch process but memory is not locked

#查一下日志文件

[root@ELK logs]# pwd

/usr/local/elasticsearch-5.5.1/logs

[root@ELK logs]# more demon.log

#解决办法：

[root@ELK logs]# egrep 'unlimit' /etc/security/limits.conf

* soft memlock unlimited

* hard memlock unlimited

[root@ELK logs]# ulimit -l unlimited

#然后还需要新开一个窗口才会读取到这个配置文件

#然后看一下9200端口是否启动了，ok就表示启动成功了

[root@ELK logs]# netstat -tplan | grep 9200

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:9200 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 10881/java

#浏览器访问也可以测试一下

[root@ELK ~]# curl http://127.0.0.1:9200

{

"name" : "elk-1",

"cluster_name" : "demon",

"cluster_uuid" : "OCxZx2K5Q_C7u0jPxWvQvw",

"version" : {

"number" : "5.5.1",

"build_hash" : "19c13d0",

"build_date" : "2017-07-18T20:44:24.823Z",

"build_snapshot" : false,

"lucene_version" : "6.6.0"

"tagline" : "You Know, for Search"

}

4.与elasticsearch进行交互

#利用API来查看一下状态

[root@ELK ~]# curl -i -XGET 'localhost:9200/_count?pretty'

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

content-type: application/json; charset=UTF-8

content-length: 95

{

"count" : 0,

"_shards" : {

"total" : 0,

"successful" : 0,

"failed" : 0

}

5.安装插件

#安装elasticsearch-head插件

[root@ELK ~]# yum install -y npm

[root@ELK ~]# yum install -y git

[root@ELK ~]# git clone git:// github.com/mobz/elasticsearch-head.git

Cloning into 'elasticsearch-head'...

remote: Counting objects: 4224, done.

remote: Total 4224 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 4224

Receiving objects: 100% (4224/4224), 2.16 MiB | 88.00 KiB/s, done.

Resolving deltas: 100% (2329/2329), done.

#这个如若服务器的gpgcheck选项没关，是一定要执行的。目的是导入elasticsearch官网的公钥，install package的时候是需要密钥检测的

[root@ELK elasticsearch-head]# rpm --import https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch

[elauser@ELK local]$ ll | egrep ela

drwxr-xr-x 9 elauser elauser 4096 Apr 10 15:39 elasticsearch-5.5.1

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 33511694 Jul 25 2017 elasticsearch-5.5.1.zip

drwxr-xr-x 7 elauser elauser 4096 Apr 11 11:55 elasticsearch-head

[elauser@ELK local]$ cd elasticsearch-head/

[elauser@ELK elasticsearch-head]$ ls

Dockerfile Gruntfile.js LICENCE proxy src

Dockerfile-alpine grunt_fileSets.js package.json README.textile test

elasticsearch-head.sublime-project index.html plugin-descriptor.properties _site

[elauser@ELK elasticsearch-head]$ pwd

/usr/local/elasticsearch-head

[elauser@ELK elasticsearch-head]$ npm install

#====================================

#出现报错1：

[elauser@ELK elasticsearch-head]$ npm install

npm: relocation error: npm: symbol SSL_set_cert_cb, version libssl.so.10 not defined in file libssl.so.10 with link time reference

#解决方案：

[root@ELK ~]# yum update openssl -y

#出现报错2：

[elauser@ELK elasticsearch-head]$ npm install

> [email protected] install /usr/local/elasticsearch-head/node_modules/phantomjs-prebuilt

> node install.js

PhantomJS not found on PATH

Downloading https://github.com/Medium/phantomjs/releases/download/v2.1.1/phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2

Saving to /tmp/phantomjs/phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2

Receiving...

[==--------------------------------------] 5%

Error making request.

Error: read ECONNRESET

at exports._errnoException (util.js:1020:11)

at TLSWrap.onread (net.js:568:26)

#解决方案：

[root@ELK elasticsearch-head]# npm config set registry= http://registry.npmjs.org

#==========================================

启动插件之前，还需要修改一下配置文件（如果那个add部分你之前没添加的话，这里就要加一下）

改完注意重启elasticsearch（如若重启欧报错，记得检查一下配置文件是否正确）

[elauser@ELK elasticsearch-head]$ npm run start

> [email protected] start /usr/local/elasticsearch-head

> grunt server

Running "connect:server" (connect) task

Waiting forever...

Started connect web server on http://localhost:9100

#检查一下端口，是否正常运行了

[root@ELK ~]# netstat -tplan | grep 9200

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:9200 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 16538/java

[root@ELK ~]# netstat -tplan | grep 9100

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:9100 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 16747/grunt

#有两个配置文件可以参考一下，也可以不更改

#这个不需要更改，但是这里改了之后忘记改回去了

#浏览器访问一下

看到如上集群健康就ok了。

三、基本概念

3.1 node、cluster

elastic本质是一个分布式数据库。一个节点node就是运行一个elastic实例，集群cluster就是一组具有相同cluster.name的节点集合，协同工作，共享数据并且提供故障转移和扩展的功能。

3.2 index

elastic会对所有的字段进行索引，处理之后写入一个反向索引（Inverted Index）。查找数据的时候直接查找该索引。elastic数据管理的顶层单位就叫做index（索引），也称作数据库，每个index的名字必须小写。

#查看当前节点的所有index

[elauser@master bin]$ curl -X GET ' http://localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v';

health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size

#新建index（向elastic发出一个put请求，新建一个weather的index）

[elauser@master bin]$ curl -X PUT 'localhost:9200/weather'

{"acknowledged":true,"shards_acknowledged":true}

返回的JSON对象中，acknowledged字段表示操作成功

#删除index（把上面新建的weather index 删除掉）

[elauser@master bin]$ curl -X DELETE 'localhost:9200/weather'

{"acknowledged":true}

3.3 document

index里面的单条记录被称为document。同一个index里面的document最好保持相同的schema，利于搜索。

document使用JSON格式表示：

{

“user”：“张三”

“title”：“工程师”

“desc”：“数据库管理”

}

3.4 type

type是一个逻辑分组，用来区分document。不同的type应该有相似的schema。性质完全不同的数据应该存成两个index。

#查看当前每个index所包含的type

[elauser@master bin]$ curl 'localhost:9200/_mapping?pretty=true'

{ }

四、中文分词插件ik （这里选择ik）或者smartcn

[elauser@master bin]$ ./elasticsearch-plugin install https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/releases/download/v5.5.1/elasticsearch-analysis-ik-5.5.1.zip

Elasticsearch5.5 安装与配置

猜你喜欢