android测试框架（一）—UiAutomator2.0入门

• 引入UiAutomator

    //UiAutomator 测试类
    //如果只是使用app项目功能请使用androidTestImplementation依赖，这样可以在"androidTest"类中开发了
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.uiautomator:uiautomator:2.2.0'
    //如果要开发脚本控制工具，就当作正常的项目引入
//    implementation 'androidx.test.uiautomator:uiautomator:2.2.0'

• 学习使用UI Automator Viewer

在SDK—tool —bin —uiautomatorviewer
双击打开即可（默认你androidStudio的sdk配置&jdk环境变量配置均已完成）

就可以看到你的手机页面了
如果UI Automator Viewer无法启动请修改：uiautomatorviewer.bat最后一行

改为你platform-tools的路径

• 试用：查看手机最近所有任务

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class MKTest {

    public Instrumentation mInstrumentation;
    public UiDevice mUiDevice;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        mInstrumentation = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation();
        mUiDevice = UiDevice.getInstance(mInstrumentation);
    }


    @Test
    public void DemoTest() throws RemoteException {
        //查看手机最近所有任务
	    mUiDevice.pressRecentApps();

    }
}

• 核心定位选择器
  

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class MKTest {

    public Instrumentation mInstrumentation;
    public UiDevice mUiDevice;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        mInstrumentation = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation();
        mUiDevice = UiDevice.getInstance(mInstrumentation);
    }

    /**
     * 核心定位选择器
     * res:资源resource-id
     * text:内容
     * desc:描述信息 content-desc
     * checked:当前checked状态
     * focusable:当前focusable状态
     *
     * @throws RemoteException
     */
    @Test
    public void CoreLocationSelectorTest() throws RemoteException {

        //通过资源resource-id来查找按钮
//        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/digit7")).click();
        //通过查询text内容来查找
//        mUiDevice.findObject(By.text("8")).click();
        //通过描述信息 content-desc来查找
//        mUiDevice.findObject(By.desc("减")).click();

        //通过组合方式（resource-id和当前checked状态）来查找
//        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.settings:id/switchWidget").checked(true)).click();

        //通过组合方式（resource-id和当前focusable状态）来查找
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.mms:id/embedded_text_editor")
                .focusable(true)).setText("自动输入的");


    }
}

• 常见组建操作
  

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class MKTest {

    public Instrumentation mInstrumentation;
    public UiDevice mUiDevice;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        mInstrumentation = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation();
        mUiDevice = UiDevice.getInstance(mInstrumentation);
    }
    /**
     * 常见组建操作：
     * 点击：click(),
     * 长按：longClick(),
     * 拖动：drag(Point dest),
     * 输入：setText(String text)
     * <p>
     * <p>
     * 常见设备操作：
     * 点击：click(int x ,int y)
     * 按键：pressKeyCode(int keyCode)
     * 滑动：swipe(int startX,int startY,int endX,int endY,int steps) 其中1steps等于5ms
     */
    @Test
    public void calculatorTest() throws InterruptedException {
        //0.开机键
        mUiDevice.pressKeyCode(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_POWER);
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        //1. 初始化，滑动解锁-主屏幕   屏幕  滑动-按键
        mUiDevice.swipe(595, 1380, 519, 338, 10);
        Thread.sleep(3000);
        //2. 输入开机密码
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.keyguard:id/key2")).click();
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.keyguard:id/key4")).click();
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.keyguard:id/key6")).click();
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.keyguard:id/key8")).click();
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        mUiDevice.pressKeyCode(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_HOME);
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        //3. 打开计算器  计算器图标  坐标点击
        mUiDevice.click(137, 1069);
        Thread.sleep(2000);

        //4. 拖出科学计算器   科学计算器图标  拖动
        //找到抽屉的id即可
//        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/pad_advanced"))
//                .drag(new Point(224,1213),10);
//        Thread.sleep(1000);
        //5. 点击9  9按钮点击
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/digit9")).click();
        //6. 按+  + 按键
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/plus")).click();
        //7. 按键5 按钮 点击
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/digit5")).click();
        //8. 点击= 按钮 点击
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/equal")).click();
        Thread.sleep(5000);
        //9. 长按C清除  C按键  长按
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/clear")).longClick();
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        //10. 输入5 按钮 点击
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.clazz("android.widget.EditText").focused(true)).setText("5");
    }

}

• 一个完整的任务集
  

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class MKTest2 {
    public Instrumentation mInstrumentation;
    public UiDevice mUiDevice;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws InterruptedException {
        mInstrumentation = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation();
        mUiDevice = UiDevice.getInstance(mInstrumentation);

        mUiDevice.pressKeyCode(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_HOME);
        Thread.sleep(2000);
    }

    @Test
    public void standardAddTest() throws InterruptedException {

        //3. 打开计算器  计算器图标  坐标点击
        mUiDevice.click(137, 1069);
        Thread.sleep(2000);

        //5. 点击9  9按钮点击
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/digit9")).click();
        //6. 按+  + 按键
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/plus")).click();
        //7. 按键5 按钮 点击
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/digit5")).click();
        //8. 点击= 按钮 点击
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/equal")).click();


        //9. 断言验证结果，获取值断言
        UiObject2 ac = mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/display")).getChildren().get(0);
        String sum = ac.getText();
        Assert.assertEquals("14", sum);

    }

    @Test
    public void standardSubTest() throws InterruptedException {

        //3. 打开计算器  计算器图标  坐标点击
        mUiDevice.click(137, 1069);
        Thread.sleep(2000);

        //5. 点击9  9按钮点击
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/digit9")).click();
        //6. 按-  - 按键
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/minus")).click();
        //7. 按键5 按钮 点击
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/digit5")).click();
        //8. 点击= 按钮 点击
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/equal")).click();


        //9. 断言验证结果，获取值断言
        UiObject2 ac = mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/display")).getChildren().get(0);
        String sum = ac.getText();
        Assert.assertEquals("4", sum);

    }

    @Test
    public void standardMulTest() throws InterruptedException {

        //3. 打开计算器  计算器图标  坐标点击
        mUiDevice.click(137, 1069);
        Thread.sleep(2000);

        //5. 点击9  9按钮点击
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/digit9")).click();
        //6. 按x  x 按键
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/mul")).click();
        //7. 按键5 按钮 点击
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/digit5")).click();
        //8. 点击= 按钮 点击
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/equal")).click();


        //9. 断言验证结果，获取值断言
        UiObject2 ac = mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/display")).getChildren().get(0);
        String sum = ac.getText();
        Assert.assertEquals("45", sum);

    }
    @Test
    public void standardDivTest() throws InterruptedException {

        //3. 打开计算器  计算器图标  坐标点击
        mUiDevice.click(137, 1069);
        Thread.sleep(2000);

        //5. 点击10  10按钮点击
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/digit8")).click();
        //6. 按x  x 按键
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/div")).click();
        //7. 按键5 按钮 点击
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/digit4")).click();
        //8. 点击= 按钮 点击
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/equal")).click();


        //9. 断言验证结果，获取值断言
        UiObject2 ac = mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/display")).getChildren().get(0);
        String sum = ac.getText();
        Assert.assertEquals("2", sum);

    }
    @After
    public void tearDown(){
        //恢复场景  删除计算结果 按键长按
        //4. 长按C清除  C按键  长按
        mUiDevice.findObject(By.res("com.android.calculator2:id/clear")).longClick();
        mUiDevice.pressKeyCode(KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK);
    }

}

直接运行MKTest2指令集

• 生成报告

demo地址：https://gitee.com/huangxiaoguo/uiautomator