一、IS-IS动态路由协议简述
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链路状态协议,使用SPF算法
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使用Hello包建立邻居关系、使用LSP交换链路状态信息,采用分层设计 有2种路由选择级别,L1和L2.
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有2种路由选择级别,L1和L2.
L1负责在同一个区域内传播链路状态信息(类似OSPF中的1类和2类)
L2负责在不同的区域内相互传播链路状态信息(类似OSPF的3类) -
三种路由器:L1能获取区域内的路径信息,
L2能获取区域间的路径信息
L1-2:能同时获取区域内和区域间路径 -
连接L2路由器和L1/L2路由器的路径会形成骨干区域
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IS-IS区域边界位于链路上,而不是路由器中,每台IS-IS路由器仅属于一个区域
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IS-IS 使用NSAP地址来标识路由器并建立拓扑表,因此为IP提供路由选择需要NSAP地址
二、现网NET地址常见的规划方式
通过环回口32位地址补齐成48位获得
例如:221.15.23.180
先补足3位,然后4位分割
221.15.23.180==== 221.015.023.180 ====2210.1502.3180
转换后为:49.0020.2210.1502.3180.00
三、华为IS-IS常用命令
- 查看命令
dis isis peer ##查看isis邻居关系
dis isis 1 brief ##查看isis接口的明细
dis isis interface g0/0/1 ##查看接口isis详情
- 路由重分发命令
isis 1
import-route rip 1 lever-1 ####引入后变成l1信息 默认值
rip 1
import-route isis 1 cost 5 ###对于rip的度量值是跳数
isis 1
import-route isis level-2 into level-1 ###华为手册这个叫路由泄露
- 路由汇总命令
###汇总在ABR上做汇总
isis 1
summary 202.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 level-1-2 ####域间路由汇总
#####汇总在ASBR上做汇总
isis 1
summary 203.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 level-1 ####不同协议间的路由汇总
四、配置实例
4.1、实验环境
- eNSP V100R003C00SPC100版本
- 如下图拓扑,R1和R6跑的RIP协议,蓝色框内跑的是ISIS协议
4.2、实验拓扑
4.3、实验需求
通过ISIS协议实现全网互通
4.4、实验配置
####R1配置
[R1]int g0/0/1 ###给接口配ip地址
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 12.0.0.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 11.0.0.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip 1 ###配置rip协议
[R1-rip-1]ver 2
[R1-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0 ##宣告网段
[R1-rip-1]network 11.0.0.0
[R1]isis ###配置isis协议
[R1-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0010.0100.1001.00
[R1-isis-1]is-level level-1 ###末梢区域设为L1路由
Info: IS Level Changed, Resetting ISIS...
[R1-isis-1]int g0/0/0 ###进接口启动isis
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]is en
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]is en
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isis
[R1-isis-1]import-route rip 1 level-1 ###注入rip协议
[R1-isis-1]rip 1 ###进rip注入isis协议
[R1-rip-1]import-route isis 1 cost 5
####R2配置
[R2]int g0/0/0 ###给接口配IP地址
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.2 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 13.0.0.1 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[R2]isis ###配置isis协议
[R2-isis-1] network-entity 49.0001.0020.0200.2002.00
[R2-isis-1]int g0/0/0 ###进接口启动协议
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]is en
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]is en
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isis ###泄露L2信息给R1
[R2-isis-1]import-route isis level-2 into level-1
####R3配置
[Huawei]int g0/0/0 ###配置接口IP地址
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 13.0.0.2 30
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 14.0.0.1 30
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[Huawei]isis ###配置isis协议
[Huawei-isis-1]network-entity 49.0000.0030.0300.3003.00
[Huawei-isis-1]is-level level-2 ###骨干区域设为L2路由
Info: IS Level Changed, Resetting ISIS...
[Huawei-isis-1]int g0/0/0 ####进接口启动协议
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]is en
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]is en
####R4配置
[R4]int g0/0/0 ###配置接口ip地址
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 14.0.0.2 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 15.0.0.1 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[R4]isis ###配置isis协议
[R4-isis-1]network-entity 49.0002.0040.0400.4004.00
[R4-isis-1]int g0/0/0 ###进接口启动协议
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]is en
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]is en
[R4]isis ###泄露L2信息给R6
[R4-isis-1]import-route isis level-2 into level-1
####R5配置
[R5]int g0/0/0 ###配置接口IP地址
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 15.0.0.2 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loo 0 ###配置回环地址测试
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 32
[R5]isis ###配置isis协议
[R5-isis-1]network-entity 49.0002.0050.0500.5005.00
[R5-isis-1]is-level level-1 ###末梢区域设为L1路由
Info: IS Level Changed, Resetting ISIS...
[R5-isis-1]int loo 0 ###进接口启动isis
[R5-LoopBack0]is en
[R5-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]in en
Info: Information center is enabled.
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]is en
####R6配置
[R6]int g0/0/0 ###配置IP地址
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 11.0.0.2 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
[R6]int loo 0 ###配置回环地址测试
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 6.6.6.6 32
[R6-LoopBack0]rip 1 ###配置rip协议
[R6-rip-1]ver 2
[R6-rip-1]network 11.0.0.0 ##宣告网段
[R6-rip-1]network 6.0.0.0
五、验证
####查看R6路由表信息
####查看R5路由表信息