SpringCloud(Hoxton)--Hystrix服务降级（注解）

其他 2020-03-21 11:10:38 阅读次数: 0

cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001模拟支付模块

依赖：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>pers.zhang.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--hystrix-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--eureka client-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
            <groupId>pers.zhang.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

配置：application.yml

server:
  port: 8001

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-provider-hystrix-payment

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetch-registry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka
      #defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://wureka7002.com:7002/eureka

Service：

@Service
public class PaymentService {

    /**
     * 正常访问，肯定OK
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    public String paymentInfo_OK(Integer id) {
        return "线程池：" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " paymentInfo_OK, id:" + id;
    }


    /**
     * 超时错误
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentInfo_TimeOutHandler", commandProperties = {
            @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "2000")
    })//指定超时回调,时间为2秒
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(Integer id) {
        //int a = 10 / 0;
        try {//睡3秒，模拟超时
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "线程池：" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " paymentInfo_TimeOut, id:" + id;
    }


    public String paymentInfo_TimeOutHandler(Integer id) {
        return "线程池：" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 系统繁忙，请稍后再试, id:" + id + "超时回调";
    }
}

Controller:

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {

    @Resource
    PaymentService paymentService;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    String serverPort;

    @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result = paymentService.paymentInfo_OK(id);
        log.info("*****result:" + result);
        return result;
    }

    @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result = paymentService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
        log.info("*****result:" + result);
        return result;
    }
}

启动类：

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableCircuitBreaker//开启
public class PaymentHystrixMain8001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentHystrixMain8001.class, args);
    }
}

cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80模拟订单模块

依赖：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>pers.zhang.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-feign-hystrix-order80</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--openfeign-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--hystrix-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--eureka client-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>pers.zhang.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--一般基础通用配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

配置：application.yml

server:
  port: 80

eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/
feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true #开启hystrix

Service:

@Component
@FeignClient(value = "CLOUD-PROVIDER-HYSTRIX-PAYMENT")//指定调用的服务名
public interface PaymentHystrixService {

    @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);

    @GetMapping("/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);

}

Controller:

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderHystrixController {

    @Resource
    PaymentHystrixService paymentHystrixService;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_OK(id);
        return result;
    }

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentTimeOutFallbackMethod", commandProperties = {
            @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "1500")//超时1.5秒
    })
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
        return result;
    }

    public String paymentTimeOutFallbackMethod(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        return "我是消费者80，对方支付系统繁忙，请10秒后再试或者自己运行出错请检查自己。";
    }
}

启动类：

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableHystrix//开启Hystrix
public class OrderHystrixMain80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderHystrixMain80.class, args);
    }
}

测试

我们在服务的提供方和消费方都使用了Hystrix，但是多数情况下只在消费方配置Hystrix。

启动Eureka，在启动支付和订单微服务。

先在8001端口进行本地测试：

访问：localhost:8001/payment/hystrix/ok/35，成功
在这里插入图片描述

访问：localhost:8001/payment/hystrix/timeout/33,失败，程序中睡眠3秒，触发Hystrix设置的2秒时限，服务降级，调用fallback方法：
在这里插入图片描述

通过80端口使用Feign调用8001：

访问：localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/22：成功：
在这里插入图片描述
访问：localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/11：失败，订单模块作为消费方做出的超时限制为1.5秒，等待1.5秒无返回立即触发服务降级，调用fallback方法。
在这里插入图片描述

@DefaultProperties

每个方法都有一个fallback方法，为了避免代码膨胀，应该有一个同一的方法和自定义的fallback方法分开。

可以在类上加@Defaultproperties注解指定一个通用的fallback方法，凡是标注了@HystrixCommand但没有指定@HystrixProperty的方法，均使用@DefaultProperties指定的fallback方法。

修改80端口的Controller：

@RestController
@Slf4j
@DefaultProperties(defaultFallback = "payment_Global_FallbackMethod")
public class OrderHystrixController {

    @Resource
    PaymentHystrixService paymentHystrixService;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_OK(id);
        return result;
    }

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/{id}")
    //未指定fallback，使用@DefaultProperties指定的payment_Global_FallbackMethod
    @HystrixCommand
    // @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentTimeOutFallbackMethod", commandProperties = {
    //         @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "1500")//超时1.5秒
    // })
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        int a = 10 / 0;
        String result = paymentHystrixService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
        return result;
    }

    public String paymentTimeOutFallbackMethod(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        return "我是消费者80，对方支付系统繁忙，请10秒后再试或者自己运行出错请检查自己。";
    }
    
    //默认fallback
    public String payment_Global_FallbackMethod() {
        return "Global异常处理信息，请稍后再试...";
    }
}

重启，访问：localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/timeout/33，失败，跳转到全局fallback：
在这里插入图片描述

fallback解耦

目前业务逻辑和fallback都混在一起，应该将两者分开。

只需要为Feign客户端定义的接口添加一个服务降级处理的实现 类即可实现解耦。

新建类PaymentFallbackService，实现PaymentHystrixService接口：

@Component
public class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentHystrixService {
    @Override
    public String paymentInfo_OK(Integer id) {
        return "-------PaymentFallbackService paymentInfo_OK fall back--------";
    }

    @Override
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(Integer id) {
        return "-------PaymentFallbackService paymentInfo_TimeOut fall back--------";
    }
}

在@FeignClient中指明fallback处理类：
在这里插入图片描述

重启服务，访问：localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/55，成功：
在这里插入图片描述

关闭8001服务，模拟宕机，再次访问：localhost/consumer/payment/hystrix/ok/55：失败，执行PaymentFallbackService中对应的fallback方法
在这里插入图片描述

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