Directorio de artículos de la serie
Directorio de artículos
1. Introducción a Zabbix
百度百科: Zabbix es una solución de código abierto de nivel empresarial basada en interfaz que WEBproporciona capacidades de monitoreo de red y distribuidas . 系统监视Es un software de monitoreo de código abierto altamente integrado de nivel empresarial, que se puede utilizar para monitorear la disponibilidad y el rendimiento de equipos, servidores, bases de datos, etc., para garantizar la operación 服务器系统segura de las bases de datos. Y proporcione un mecanismo de notificación flexible para 系统管理员localizar/resolver rápidamente varios problemas.
zabbix consta de 2 partes, servidor zabbix y componente opcional agente zabbix. Puede proporcionar monitoreo del estado de red/servidor remoto a través de métodos como SNMPagente zabbix, monitoreo de puertos, etc. Puede ejecutarse en Linux, Solaris, HP-UX, AIX, Free BSD, Open BSD, OS X y otras plataformas.ping数据收集
Sitio web oficial de Zabbix: https://www.zabbix.com/cn
Dirección del documento oficial de Zabbix: https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/5.0/zh/manual
1. Implementación de Zabbix
1. Entorno Zabbix
| IP | nombre de la CPU | Role |
|---|---|---|
| 192.168.200.182 | servidor_zabbix | servidor de monitoreo |
| 192.168.200.183 | web001 | anfitrión de negocios |
2. Instale el paquete de instalación de zabbix
Instalar zabbix_server
1. Establecer el nombre de host zabbix_server
[root@zabbix_server ~]#hostnamectl set-hostname zabbix_server 或者 hostname zabbix_server #设置完成后需要退出终端然后重新打开，新的主机名就生效了
2. Desactivar el cortafuegos y selinux
[root@zabbix_server ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止防火墙服务
[root@zabbix_server ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
[root@zabbix_server ~]# setenforce 0 #临时关闭selinux
setenforce: SELinux is disabled
[root@zabbix_server selinux]# vim /etc/selinux/config #编辑配置文件为`SELINUX=disabled` 即可永久关闭selinux
3. Preparar zabbix-repo
4. Haga clic en descargar para saltar aquí
5. Seleccione la plataforma de su servidor Zabbix
6. Instale el paquete Zabbix
- Instala y configura Zabbix para tu plataforma
[root@zabbix_server ~]# rpm -Uvh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
获取https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
- Desinstalar el paquete rpm
[root@zabbix_server ~]# yum remove -y zabbix-release.noarch
- La imagen de arriba es el almacén oficial, la velocidad de descarga es muy lenta, no se recomienda su uso.
Cuando los espejos extranjeros no están disponibles, puede usar la fuente zabbixYUM proporcionada por Ali u otras fuentes YUM nacionales.
Ingrese la dirección de la estación espejo Ali: https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/?spm=a2c6h.25603864.0.0.3d501929Ml2fFi
despliegue hacia abajo para encontrar zabbix
- Configurar el repositorio zabbix YUM
[root@zabbix_server ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d
[root@zabbix_server yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak epel.repo epel-testing.repo vscode.repo zabbix.repo
[root@zabbix_server yum.repos.d]# vim zabbix.repo
[zabbix]
name=alibaba zabbix
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[zabbix2]
name=alibaba zabbix frontend
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/frontend/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
- Después de configurar el repositorio zabbix yum, borro la lista
[root@zabbix_server ~]# yum repolist
已加载插件：langpacks
zabbix | 2.9 kB 00:00
zabbix2 | 2.9 kB 00:00
zabbix2/primary_db | 60 kB 00:00
源标识 源名称 状态
base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun 10,072
code Visual Studio Code 2,753
epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Li 13,735
extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliy 515
updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.ali 4,300
zabbix alibaba zabbix 321
zabbix2 alibaba zabbix frontend 293
repolist: 31,989
[root@zabbix_server ~]# yum clean all
已加载插件：langpacks
正在清理软件源： base code epel extras updates zabbix
: zabbix2
Other repos take up 32 M of disk space (use --verbose for details)
[root@zabbix_server ~]# yum repolist
已加载插件：langpacks
base | 3.6 kB 00:00
code | 3.0 kB 00:00
epel | 4.7 kB 00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00
zabbix | 2.9 kB 00:00
zabbix2 | 2.9 kB 00:00
(1/10): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 98 kB 00:00
(2/10): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 153 kB 00:00
(3/10): code/primary_db | 2.6 MB 00:01
(4/10): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 249 kB 00:01
(5/10): zabbix/primary_db | 187 kB 00:01
(6/10): zabbix2/primary_db | 60 kB 00:00
(7/10): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:03
(8/10): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.1 MB 00:20
(9/10): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 7.0 MB 00:24
(10/10): updates/7/x86_64/primary_ | 17 MB 00:58
源标识 源名称 状态
base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun 10,072
code Visual Studio Code 2,753
epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Li 13,735
extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliy 515
updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.ali 4,300
zabbix alibaba zabbix 321
zabbix2 alibaba zabbix frontend 293
repolist: 31,989
- Instale el servidor Zabbix, el front-end web, el agente
[root@zabbix_server yum.repos.d]# yum install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-agent -y
已加载插件：langpacks
zabbix | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
zabbix2 | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
软件包 zabbix-server-mysql-5.0.28-1.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 zabbix-agent.x86_64.0.5.0.28-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
==============================================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
==============================================================================================================================
正在安装:
zabbix-agent x86_64 5.0.28-1.el7 zabbix 479 k
事务概要
==============================================================================================================================
安装 1 软件包
总下载量：479 k
安装大小：1.9 M
Downloading packages:
No Presto metadata available for zabbix
zabbix-agent-5.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 479 kB 00:00:02
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
警告：RPM 数据库已被非 yum 程序修改。
** 发现 1 个已存在的 RPM 数据库问题， 'yum check' 输出如下：
yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch 有缺少的需求 yum-plugin-fastestmirror
正在安装 : zabbix-agent-5.0.28-1.el7.x86_64 1/1
验证中 : zabbix-agent-5.0.28-1.el7.x86_64 1/1
已安装:
zabbix-agent.x86_64 0:5.0.28-1.el7
完毕！
- Instalar la interfaz de Zabbix
[root@zabbix_server yum.repos.d]# yum install centos-release-scl -y
已加载插件：langpacks
软件包 centos-release-scl-2-3.el7.centos.noarch 已安装并且是最新版本
无须任何处理
Edite el archivo de configuración /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo y habilite el repositorio zabbix-frontend.
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo
[zabbix2]
name=alibaba zabbix frontend
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/frontend/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
- Instalar el paquete frontal de Zabbix
[root@zabbix_server yum.repos.d]# yum install centos-release-scl -y
已加载插件：langpacks
软件包 centos-release-scl-2-3.el7.centos.noarch 已安装并且是最新版本
无须任何处理
[root@zabbix_server yum.repos.d]# vim zabbix.repo
[root@zabbix_server yum.repos.d]# yum install zabbix-web-mysql-scl zabbix-apache-conf-scl -y
已加载插件：langpacks
zabbix | 2.9 kB 00:00
zabbix2 | 2.9 kB 00:00
软件包 zabbix-web-mysql-scl-5.0.28-1.el7.noarch 已安装并且是最新版本
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 zabbix-apache-conf-scl.noarch.0.5.0.28-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 httpd，它被软件包 zabbix-apache-conf-scl-5.0.28-1.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 httpd.x86_64.0.2.4.6-97.el7.centos.5 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
========================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
========================================================
正在安装:
zabbix-apache-conf-scl
noarch 5.0.28-1.el7 zabbix2 16 k
为依赖而安装:
httpd x86_64 2.4.6-97.el7.centos.5 updates 2.7 M
事务概要
========================================================
安装 1 软件包 (+1 依赖软件包)
总下载量：2.7 M
安装大小：9.4 M
Downloading packages:
(1/2): zabbix-apache-conf-scl-5.0. | 16 kB 00:00
(2/2): httpd-2.4.6-97.el7.centos.5 | 2.7 MB 00:09
--------------------------------------------------------
总计 302 kB/s | 2.7 MB 00:09
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在安装 : httpd-2.4.6-97.el7.centos.5.x86_6 1/2
正在安装 : zabbix-apache-conf-scl-5.0.28-1.e 2/2
验证中 : zabbix-apache-conf-scl-5.0.28-1.e 1/2
验证中 : httpd-2.4.6-97.el7.centos.5.x86_6 2/2
已安装:
zabbix-apache-conf-scl.noarch 0:5.0.28-1.el7
作为依赖被安装:
httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-97.el7.centos.5
完毕！
7 Crear la base de datos inicial
- instalar base de datos
[root@zabbix_server ~]# yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server
已加载插件：langpacks
软件包 1:mariadb-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
软件包 1:mariadb-server-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
无须任何处理
- iniciar base de datos
[root@zabbix_server ~]# systemctl enable mariadb
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
[root@zabbix_server ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@zabbix_server ~]# systemctl status mariadb
● mariadb.service - MariaDB database server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 六 2022-10-29 00:59:24 CST; 8s ago
Process: 23579 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/mariadb-wait-ready $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 23543 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mariadb-prepare-db-dir %n (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 23578 (mysqld_safe)
Tasks: 20
CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service
├─23578 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --bas...
└─23743 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr...
10月 29 00:59:22 zabbix_server systemd[1]: Starting ...
10月 29 00:59:22 zabbix_server mariadb-prepare-db-dir[23543]: ...
10月 29 00:59:22 zabbix_server mariadb-prepare-db-dir[23543]: ...
10月 29 00:59:22 zabbix_server mysqld_safe[23578]: 2...
10月 29 00:59:22 zabbix_server mysqld_safe[23578]: 2...
10月 29 00:59:24 zabbix_server systemd[1]: Started M...
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
- Inicie sesión en la base de datos y autorice la cuenta zabbix
[root@zabbix_server ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 24
Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
MariaDB [(none)]> create user zabbix@localhost identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> quit;
- Inicialice
la nota de zabbix: hay un problema de versión
[root@zabbix_server ~]# ls /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-5.0.28
AUTHORS COPYING double.sql README
ChangeLog create.sql.gz NEWS
[root@zabbix_server ~]# zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-5.0.8/create.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -p'123456' zabbix
Vuelva a iniciar sesión en la base de datos para comprobar si la importación se ha realizado correctamente.
[root@zabbix_server ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 110
Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| zabbix |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use zabbix;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [zabbix]> show tables;
+----------------------------+
| Tables_in_zabbix |
+----------------------------+
| acknowledges |
| actions |
| alerts |
| application_discovery |
| application_prototype |
| application_template |
| applications |
| auditlog |
| auditlog_details |
| autoreg_host |
| conditions |
| config |
| config_autoreg_tls |
| corr_condition |
| corr_condition_group |
| corr_condition_tag |
| corr_condition_tagpair |
| corr_condition_tagvalue |
| corr_operation |
| correlation |
| dashboard |
| dashboard_user |
| dashboard_usrgrp |
| dbversion |
| dchecks |
| dhosts |
| drules |
| dservices |
| escalations |
| event_recovery |
| event_suppress |
| event_tag |
| events |
| expressions |
| functions |
| globalmacro |
| globalvars |
| graph_discovery |
| graph_theme |
| graphs |
| graphs_items |
| group_discovery |
| group_prototype |
| history |
| history_log |
| history_str |
| history_text |
| history_uint |
| host_discovery |
| host_inventory |
| host_tag |
| hostmacro |
| hosts |
| hosts_groups |
| hosts_templates |
| housekeeper |
| hstgrp |
| httpstep |
| httpstep_field |
| httpstepitem |
| httptest |
| httptest_field |
| httptestitem |
| icon_map |
| icon_mapping |
| ids |
| images |
| interface |
| interface_discovery |
| interface_snmp |
| item_application_prototype |
| item_condition |
| item_discovery |
| item_preproc |
| item_rtdata |
| items |
| items_applications |
| lld_macro_path |
| lld_override |
| lld_override_condition |
| lld_override_opdiscover |
| lld_override_operation |
| lld_override_ophistory |
| lld_override_opinventory |
| lld_override_opperiod |
| lld_override_opseverity |
| lld_override_opstatus |
| lld_override_optag |
| lld_override_optemplate |
| lld_override_optrends |
| maintenance_tag |
| maintenances |
| maintenances_groups |
| maintenances_hosts |
| maintenances_windows |
| mappings |
| media |
| media_type |
| media_type_message |
| media_type_param |
| module |
| opcommand |
| opcommand_grp |
| opcommand_hst |
| opconditions |
| operations |
| opgroup |
| opinventory |
| opmessage |
| opmessage_grp |
| opmessage_usr |
| optemplate |
| problem |
| problem_tag |
| profiles |
| proxy_autoreg_host |
| proxy_dhistory |
| proxy_history |
| regexps |
| rights |
| screen_user |
| screen_usrgrp |
| screens |
| screens_items |
| scripts |
| service_alarms |
| services |
| services_links |
| services_times |
| sessions |
| slides |
| slideshow_user |
| slideshow_usrgrp |
| slideshows |
| sysmap_element_trigger |
| sysmap_element_url |
| sysmap_shape |
| sysmap_url |
| sysmap_user |
| sysmap_usrgrp |
| sysmaps |
| sysmaps_elements |
| sysmaps_link_triggers |
| sysmaps_links |
| tag_filter |
| task |
| task_acknowledge |
| task_check_now |
| task_close_problem |
| task_data |
| task_remote_command |
| task_remote_command_result |
| task_result |
| timeperiods |
| trends |
| trends_uint |
| trigger_depends |
| trigger_discovery |
| trigger_tag |
| triggers |
| users |
| users_groups |
| usrgrp |
| valuemaps |
| widget |
| widget_field |
+----------------------------+
166 rows in set (0.00 sec)
若看到这些表则说明导入成功
8 Configurar la base de datos para el servidor Zabbix
- Edite el archivo de configuración /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
y elimine los comentarios de las siguientes configuraciones
[root@zabbix_server ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
DBHost=localhost
DBName=zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=123456
9 Configurar PHP para la interfaz de Zabbix
1. Edite el archivo de configuración /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php-fpm.d/zabbix.conf descomente y configure la zona horaria correcta para usted.
[root@zabbix_server ~]# vim /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php-fpm.d/zabbix.conf
php_value[date.timezone] = Asia/Shanghai #只需将这行配置好就是行了，其它的不变
- Inicie los procesos del servidor y el agente Zabbix
Inicie los procesos del servidor y el agente Zabbix y configúrelos para que se inicien automáticamente:
[root@zabbix_server ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent httpd rh-php72-php-fpm
Job for httpd.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status httpd.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[root@zabbix_server ~]# systemctl status httpd.service
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 六 2022-10-29 01:31:51 CST; 1min 33s ago
Docs: man:httpd(8)
man:apachectl(8)
Process: 24463 ExecStop=/bin/kill -WINCH ${MAINPID} (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
Process: 24440 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -DFOREGROUND (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
Main PID: 24440 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
#说明80端口被占用 在终端： ps -ef|grep httpd察看占用的进程或者用netstat -lnp|grep 80
找到后用kill杀掉
10月 29 01:31:51 zabbix_server httpd[24440]: (98)Address already in use: AH00072: make_sock: could not bind to addres...:]:80
10月 29 01:31:51 zabbix_server httpd[24440]: (98)Address already in use: AH00072: make_sock: could not bind to addres....0:80
10月 29 01:31:51 zabbix_server httpd[24440]: no listening sockets available, shutting down
10月 29 01:31:51 zabbix_server httpd[24440]: AH00015: Unable to open logs
10月 29 01:31:51 zabbix_server systemd[1]: httpd.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
10月 29 01:31:51 zabbix_server kill[24463]: kill: cannot find process ""
10月 29 01:31:51 zabbix_server systemd[1]: httpd.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
10月 29 01:31:51 zabbix_server systemd[1]: Failed to start The Apache HTTP Server.
10月 29 01:31:51 zabbix_server systemd[1]: Unit httpd.service entered failed state.
10月 29 01:31:51 zabbix_server systemd[1]: httpd.service failed.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[root@zabbix_server ~]# ps -ef|grep httpd
root 24639 18075 0 01:35 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto httpd
[root@zabbix_server ~]# netstat -lnp|grep 80
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 6782/nginx: master
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 6782/nginx: master
[root@zabbix_server ~]# kill -9 6782
[root@zabbix_server ~]# netstat -lnp|grep 80
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 6783/nginx: worker
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 6783/nginx: worker
[root@zabbix_server ~]# kill -9 6783
[root@zabbix_server ~]# netstat -lnp|grep 80
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 6785/nginx: worker
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 6785/nginx: worker
[root@zabbix_server ~]# netstat -lnp|grep 80
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 6787/nginx: worker
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 6787/nginx: worker
[root@zabbix_server ~]# kill -9 6787
[root@zabbix_server ~]# netstat -lnp|grep 80
[root@zabbix_server ~]# ps -ef|grep httpd
root 24806 18075 0 01:38 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto httpd
[root@zabbix_server ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent httpd rh-php72-php-fpm
[root@zabbix_server ~]# systemctl enable zabbix-server zabbix-agent httpd rh-php72-php-fpm
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-server.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-agent.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-agent.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
Ingrese la URL de zabbix_server en el navegadorip/zabbix
Instale la parte monitoreada web001
- Establecer web001 como el nombre de host
[root@web001 ~]#hostnamectl set-hostname web001 或者 hostname web001 #设置完成后需要退出终端然后重新打开，新的主机名就生效了
- Desactivar cortafuegos y selinux
[root@web001 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止防火墙服务
[root@web001 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
[root@web001 ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service #查看防火墙状态
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
[root@web001 ~]# setenforce 0 #临时关闭selinux
setenforce: SELinux is disabled
[root@web001 ~ ]# vim /etc/selinux/config #编辑配置文件为`SELINUX=disabled` 即可永久关闭selinux
[root@web001 ~]# getenforce #查看selinux的状态
Disabled
- Preparar zabbix-repo
#将zabbix_server(192.168.200.182) 的 zabbix.repo 拷贝到 web001(192.168.200.183)
[root@web001 ~]# scp 192.168.200.182:/etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
The authenticity of host '192.168.200.182 (192.168.200.182)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:ygT6h9ejxNmaemQtyIzVYHEbRko0BaG4PstS2LTavDM.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:88:1f:c4:d2:fe:73:b9:1f:7f:26:cd:2c:ba:ad:5c:b5.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.200.182' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
[email protected]'s password:
Permission denied, please try again.
[email protected]'s password:
zabbix.repo 100% 257 100.8KB/s 00:00
[root@web001 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d
[root@web001 yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak epel.repo epel-testing.repo zabbix.repo
4. El principal problema con la instalación de zabbix-agent
es el problema de la fuente yum o puede intentar reiniciar la red.
5. Ver las dependencias de yum instaladas en el propio sistema centos7
[root@web001 ~]# rpm -qa|grep yum
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch
yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch
PackageKit-yum-1.1.10-2.el7.centos.x86_64
yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch
- desinstalar estos paquetes
[root@web001 ~]# rpm -e yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch --nodeps
warning: /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/fastestmirror.conf saved as /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/fastestmirror.conf.rpmsave
[root@web001 ~]# rpm -e yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
[root@web001 ~]# rpm -e yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch --nodeps
[root@web001 ~]#
- Ingrese al sitio web espejo de centos para encontrar el paquete yum que necesita para el sistema correspondiente
para ver los comandos del sistema:
[root@web001 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
Compruebe el número de bits en el sistema:
[root@web001 ~]# file /bin/ls
/bin/ls: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.32, BuildID[sha1]=c8ada1f7095f6b2bb7ddc848e088c2d615c3743e, stripped
[root@web001 ~]#
4. Descargue el paquete de dependencia de yum
[root@web001 ~]#wget http://vault.centos.org/7.2.1511/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch.rpm
[root@web001 ~]#wget http://vault.centos.org/7.2.1511/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@web001 ~]#wget http://vault.centos.org/7.2.1511/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-132.el7.centos.0.1.noarch.rpm
- Instalar dependencias yum
[root@web001 ~]# rpm -ivh yum-*
准备中... ################################# [100%]
软件包 yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64 已经安装
软件包 yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch (比 yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch 还要新) 已经安装
....
- URL comunes para actualizar el archivo de repositorio del sistema centos :
Sitio web de la Universidad de Ciencia y Tecnología de China: http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/centos.html
Sitio web 163: http://mirrors.163.com/.help/centos.html
6.1 Primera copia de seguridad, para no hacer mal uso de /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[root@web001 ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
Seleccione el archivo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo de su versión correspondiente y colóquelo en /etc/yum.repos.d/ Realice una copia de seguridad correspondiente antes de la operación
Por ejemplo, su propia versión de centos es 7, así que use el contenido de la versión 7.
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates&infra=$infra
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras&infra=$infra
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus&infra=$infra
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
6.3 Ejecute el siguiente comando para generar el caché
[root@web001 yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
已加载插件：fastestmirror
正在清理软件源： base extras updates
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
Other repos take up 26 M of disk space (use --verbose for details)
[root@web001 yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/10): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 153 kB 00:00:00
(2/10): base/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 7.2 MB 00:00:01
(3/10): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.1 MB 00:00:00
(4/10): base/7/x86_64/other_db | 2.6 MB 00:00:00
(5/10): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 249 kB 00:00:00
(6/10): extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 276 kB 00:00:00
(7/10): extras/7/x86_64/other_db | 149 kB 00:00:00
(8/10): updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 9.6 MB 00:00:01
(9/10): updates/7/x86_64/other_db | 1.2 MB 00:00:00
(10/10): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 17 MB 00:00:01
元数据缓存已建立
[root@web001 yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
zabbix | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
zabbix2 | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/16): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 153 kB 00:00:00
(2/16): base/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 7.2 MB 00:00:00
(3/16): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.1 MB 00:00:00
(4/16): base/7/x86_64/other_db | 2.6 MB 00:00:00
(5/16): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 249 kB 00:00:00
(6/16): extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 276 kB 00:00:00
(7/16): extras/7/x86_64/other_db | 149 kB 00:00:00
(8/16): updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db | 9.6 MB 00:00:01
(9/16): updates/7/x86_64/other_db | 1.2 MB 00:00:00
(10/16): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 17 MB 00:00:01
(11/16): zabbix/filelists_db | 65 kB 00:00:00
(12/16): zabbix/primary_db | 187 kB 00:00:01
(13/16): zabbix2/primary_db | 60 kB 00:00:00
(14/16): zabbix2/filelists_db | 118 kB 00:00:00
(15/16): zabbix/other_db | 305 kB 00:00:01
(16/16): zabbix2/other_db | 280 kB 00:00:00
元数据缓存已建立
[root@web001 yum.repos.d]# yum update
BDB2053 Freeing read locks for locker 0x1265: 15380/139687202490176
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
zabbix | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
zabbix2 | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 GeoIP.x86_64.0.1.5.0-13.el7 将被 升级
---> 软件包 GeoIP.x86_64.0.1.5.0-14.el7 将被 更新
--> 正在处理依赖关系 geoipupdate，它被软件包 GeoIP-1.5.0-14.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 ModemManager.x86_64.0.1.6.10-1.el7 将被 升级
---> 软件包 ModemManager.x86_64.0.1.6.10-4.el7 将被 更新
.......
xorg-x11-server-common.x86_64 0:1.20.4-18.el7_9
xz.x86_64 0:5.2.2-2.el7_9
xz-libs.x86_64 0:5.2.2-2.el7_9
zenity.x86_64 0:3.28.1-2.el7_9
替代:
iwl7265-firmware.noarch 0:22.0.7.0-69.el7 urw-fonts.noarch 0:2.4-16.el7
webkitgtk4-plugin-process-gtk2.x86_64 0:2.20.5-1.el7
完毕！
Problema resuelto, instalado correctamente
[root@web001 yum.repos.d]# yum -y install zabbix-agent
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 zabbix-agent.x86_64.0.5.0.28-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
==============================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
==============================================================================================
正在安装:
zabbix-agent x86_64 5.0.28-1.el7 zabbix 479 k
事务概要
==============================================================================================
安装 1 软件包
总下载量：479 k
安装大小：1.9 M
Downloading packages:
No Presto metadata available for zabbix
zabbix-agent-5.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 479 kB 00:00:01
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在安装 : zabbix-agent-5.0.28-1.el7.x86_64 1/1
验证中 : zabbix-agent-5.0.28-1.el7.x86_64 1/1
已安装:
zabbix-agent.x86_64 0:5.0.28-1.el7
完毕！
6.4 Configurar la dirección del servidor principal
[root@web001 ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
Server=192.168.200.182 #者zabbix_server的IP地址
ServerActive=192.200.168.182
Hostname=web001
6.5 Iniciar zabbix-agente: 10050
[root@web001 ~]# systemctl start zabbix-agent
[root@web001 ~]# systemctl enable zabbix-agent
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-agent.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-agent.service.
[root@web001 ~]# ss -anlp |grep :10050
tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:10050 *:* users:(("zabbix_agentd",pid=112433,fd=4),("zabbix_agentd",pid=112432,fd=4),("zabbix_agentd",pid=112431,fd=4),("zabbix_agentd",pid=112430,fd=4),("zabbix_agentd",pid=112429,fd=4),("zabbix_agentd",pid=112428,fd=4))
tcp LISTEN 0 128 [::]:10050 [::]:* users:(("zabbix_agentd",pid=112433,fd=5),("zabbix_agentd",pid=112432,fd=5),("zabbix_agentd",pid=112431,fd=5),("zabbix_agentd",pid=112430,fd=5),("zabbix_agentd",pid=112429,fd=5),("zabbix_agentd",pid=112428,fd=5))
[root@web001 ~]#
Pruebe
el uso de zabbix_get (supervisión de la línea de comandos) en zabbix_server (192.168.200.182) para recopilar la recopilación de datos del cliente
Debido a que zabbix-get no está instalado de manera predeterminada en 5.0zabbix, debe instalarse en zabbix_server
[root@web001 ~]# yum install -y zabbix-get
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
软件包 zabbix-get-5.0.28-1.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
无须任何处理
[root@zabbix_server ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.183 -k system.uname
Linux web001 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 8 23:39:32 UTC 2018 x86_64
[root@zabbix_server ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.183 -k system.cpu.load[all,avg15]
0.050000
En este punto, se completa el monitoreo de web001 por parte de zabbix_server